affinity
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN English BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Español FR Francés DE Alemán RU Ruso ZH Chino JA Japonés
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 noun /əˈfɪn.ɪ.ti/

affinity

afinidad
Meaning
A natural liking for or attraction to a person, thing, idea, etc.
Example
She has an affinity for classical music.
Ella tiene una afinidad por la música clásica.
C1 adjective /əˈkɪn/

akin

similar
Meaning
Of similar character or related by blood.
Example
His reaction was akin to shock.
Su reacción fue similar a un shock.
C1 adverb /əˈfrɛʃ/

afresh

de nuevo
Meaning
From the beginning, in a new way.
Example
After the failure, they started the project afresh.
Después del fracaso, comenzaron el proyecto de nuevo.
C1 adjective /əˈlʊr.ɪŋ/

Alluring

atractivo y tentador; fascinante
Meaning
attractive and tempting; fascinating
Example
The alluring fragrance of roses filled the garden.
La fragancia atractiva de las rosas llenó el jardín.
C1 noun /ænˈtɪθəsɪs/

antithesis

antítesis
Meaning
A person, thing, or idea that is the direct opposite of another; a rhetorical device contrasting opposing ideas in parallel structure.
Example
Love is the antithesis of hate.
El amor es la antítesis del odio.
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈneɪtl/

antenatal

prenatal
Meaning
Relating to the medical care and treatment given to a pregnant woman before the birth of her child.
Example
She attended regular antenatal checkups throughout her pregnancy.
Ella asistió a chequeos prenatales regulares durante su embarazo.
C1 noun /əˈkuːstɪks/

acoustics

acústica
Meaning
the science of sound, or the properties of a space that affect how sound is heard
Example
The hall’s excellent acoustics made the orchestra sound rich and clear.
La excelente acústica del salón hizo que la orquesta sonara rica y clara.
C1 verb /əˈluːd/

allude

aludir
Meaning
To refer to something indirectly or casually.
Example
The professor alluded to Shakespeare during the lecture.
El profesor aludió a Shakespeare durante la conferencia.
C1 verb /ˈæɡənaɪz/

agonize

agonizar
Meaning
To suffer extreme physical or mental pain; to spend time worrying.
Example
She agonized for days over whether she had made the right decision.
Ella agonizó durante días sobre si había tomado la decisión correcta.
C1 noun /aɪ/

aye

sí
Meaning
an affirmative vote or expression of agreement
Example
The committee voted aye on the proposal.
El comité votó sí en la propuesta.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈmɔːrəl/

amoral

amoral
Meaning
Lacking a moral sense; unconcerned with rightness or wrongness of something.
Example
The character in the novel was portrayed as completely amoral.
El personaje en la novela fue retratado como completamente amoral.
C1 verb /əˈpiːz/

appease

apaciguar / satisfacer
Meaning
to calm or pacify someone by meeting their demands
Example
The manager tried to appease the angry customer.
El gerente intentó apaciguar al cliente enojado.
C1 noun /ˌæf.ɚˈmeɪ.ʃən/

affirmation

afirmación
Meaning
The action or process of affirming something or being affirmed; emotional support or encouragement.
Example
Daily affirmation of self-worth boosts confidence.
La afirmación diaria del autoestima aumenta la confianza.
C1 noun /əˈkʌmplɪs/

accomplice

cómplice
Meaning
a person who helps another commit a crime
Example
The thief was arrested along with his accomplice.
El ladrón fue arrestado junto con su cómplice.
C1 adjective /ˈɔː.də.bəl/

Audible

audible
Meaning
able to be heard; loud enough to hear
Example
The speaker's voice was barely audible from the back of the large hall.
La voz del orador apenas era audible desde el fondo del gran salón.
C1 adjective /əˈmiːnəbl/

amenable

dispuesto
Meaning
willing to cooperate or be influenced; open to suggestions
Example
She was amenable to the idea of working longer hours.
Ella estaba dispuesta a la idea de trabajar más horas.
C1 noun /ˈæpərtʃər/

aperture

abertura / agujero
Meaning
an opening, hole, or gap, especially one that lets in light
Example
Light entered through the small aperture in the wall.
La luz entró a través de la pequeña abertura en la pared.
C1 noun /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/

anesthetic

anestésico
Meaning
A substance that causes loss of sensation or consciousness, especially used during surgery.
Example
The doctor administered a local anesthetic before stitching the wound.
El doctor administró un anestésico local antes de suturar la herida.
C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/

antecedent

antecedente
Meaning
something that came before; a previous event, condition, or cause
Example
The cultural antecedents of this festival go back centuries.
Los antecedentes culturales de este festival datan de siglos atrás.
C1 noun əˌsɪm.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən

Assimilation

asimilación
Meaning
Connecting new information with existing knowledge
Example
Proper assimilation of knowledge leads to effective learning.
La correcta asimilación del conocimiento conduce a un aprendizaje efectivo.
C1 noun /ˌædməˈnɪʃən/

admonition

amonestación
Meaning
a firm warning or reprimand; gentle or earnest advice
Example
He received an admonition for his careless work.
Él recibió una amonestación por su trabajo descuidado.
C1 adverb /ˈæmpli/

amply

ampliamente
Meaning
more than sufficiently; generously
Example
She was amply rewarded for her hard work.
Ella fue generosamente recompensada por su arduo trabajo.
C1 adjective /ˌæn.ɪkˈdoʊ.t̬əl/

anecdotal

basado en relatos personales más que en hechos o investigaciones, caracterizado por anécdotas
Meaning
Based on personal accounts rather than facts or research; characterized by anecdotes.
Example
The book was filled with anecdotal evidence rather than data.
El libro estaba lleno de evidencia anecdótica en lugar de datos.
C1 preposition /əˈtɒp/

atop

encima
Meaning
on the top of something
Example
A flag was placed atop the tower.
Una bandera fue colocada encima de la torre.
C1 adverb /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bli/

Amiably

amistosamente, de manera amistosa
Meaning
in a friendly and pleasant manner
Example
They discussed the issue amiably without any arguments.
Ellos discutieron el tema amigablemente sin discusiones.
C1 noun, adverb /ˈeɪliəs/

alias

alias
Meaning
A false or assumed identity; also used to mean 'otherwise called'.
Example
The criminal was known by the alias 'Shadow'.
El criminal era conocido por el alias 'Sombra'.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːbərn/

auburn

castaño rojizo
Meaning
reddish-brown in color, especially used to describe hair
Example
She has long auburn hair that shines in the sunlight.
Ella tiene el cabello largo y castaño rojizo que brilla al sol.
C1 noun /əˈsɛndənsi/

ascendancy

ascendencia, dominio
Meaning
A position of power, influence, or control over others.
Example
The company gained ascendancy in the market through innovation.
La empresa logró ascendencia en el mercado a través de la innovación.
C1 adverb /ˈæm.ɪ.kə.bli/

Amicably

amistosamente
Meaning
in a friendly way without anger or resentment
Example
The divorce was settled amicably between both parties.
El divorcio se resolvió amistosamente entre ambas partes.
C1 verb /əˈdʒɜrn/

adjourn

suspender
Meaning
to suspend a meeting or session to another time or place
Example
The judge decided to adjourn the hearing until next week.
El juez decidió suspender la audiencia hasta la próxima semana.
C1 noun /ˈɑːr.tər.i/

Artery

arteria
Meaning
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body
Example
The doctor checked the pulse in his artery.
El doctor revisó el pulso en su arteria.
C1 noun /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

anguish

angustia
Meaning
Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Example
She was in deep anguish after hearing the tragic news.
Ella estaba en profunda angustia después de escuchar la trágica noticia.
C1 verb /əˈkrɛdɪt/

accredit

acreditar
Meaning
to officially recognize, authorize, or approve someone or something
Example
The university is accredited by the national education board.
La universidad está acreditada por el consejo nacional de educación.
C1 adjective /ɑːrˈkeɪn/

arcane

arcano
Meaning
understood by few; mysterious or secret
Example
The professor’s lecture was full of arcane details that only specialists could follow.
La conferencia del profesor estaba llena de detalles arcanos que solo los especialistas podían seguir.
C1 verb /əˈbaʊnd/

abound

abundar
Meaning
To exist in large numbers or amounts.
Example
Opportunities abound in the field of technology.
Las oportunidades abundan en el campo de la tecnología.
C1 verb /əˈdʒɔɪn/

adjoin

unirse
Meaning
To be next to and joined with something.
Example
Their house adjoins the park.
Su casa está unida al parque.
C1 noun /ænˈtæɡənɪzəm/

antagonism

antagonismo
Meaning
active hostility or opposition
Example
There was clear antagonism between the two political parties.
Había un claro antagonismo entre los dos partidos políticos.
C1 adverb /əˈlɒft/

aloft

en el aire
Meaning
Up in or into the air; overhead.
Example
The kite was flying aloft in the clear sky.
La cometa volaba alto en el cielo claro.
C1 noun əbˈzɔːrp.ʃən

absorption

absorción
Meaning
The process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
Example
Plants help in the absorption of carbon dioxide.
Las plantas ayudan en la absorción de dióxido de carbono.
C1 verb /ˈæmpjʊteɪt/

amputate

amputar
Meaning
to cut off a limb from the body by surgery
Example
The doctors had to amputate his leg after the accident.
Los médicos tuvieron que amputar su pierna después del accidente.
C1 adjective /ˈærəbəl/

arable

arable
Meaning
suitable for growing crops or farming
Example
The farmer purchased arable land to expand his crops.
El agricultor compró tierra cultivable para expandir sus cosechas.
C1 verb /əˈdɔːrn/

adorn

adornar
Meaning
to decorate or add beauty to something
Example
The hall was adorned with flowers for the wedding.
El salón fue adornado con flores para la boda.
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

antónimo
Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
‘Hot’ es el antónimo de ‘cold’.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

fiscal general
Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
El fiscal general anunció nuevas reformas para fortalecer la justicia.
C1 noun /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/

atheism

ateísmo
Meaning
The belief that there is no God or gods.
Example
He declared his atheism openly despite social pressure.
Él declaró su ateísmo abiertamente a pesar de la presión social.
C1 verb /ˈæk.lɪ.meɪt/

acclimate

aclimatarse
Meaning
To adapt or become accustomed to a new environment or situation
Example
It takes time to acclimate to a new climate.
Se necesita tiempo para aclimatarse a un nuevo clima.
C1 noun /ˌɔːkʃəˈnɪər/

auctioneer

subastador
Meaning
a person who conducts auctions by calling out bids and selling items to the highest bidder
Example
The auctioneer quickly raised the price as bidders competed for the painting.
El subastador aumentó rápidamente el precio mientras los compradores competían.
C1 noun /əˈbreɪʒən/

abrasion

raspadura o desgaste de la piel o superficie debido a la fricción
Meaning
a scrape or wearing away of the skin or surface due to friction
Example
He suffered a minor abrasion on his knee after falling.
Él sufrió una pequeña raspadura en su rodilla después de caerse.
C1 noun /əˈrɪs.tə.kræt/

Aristocrat

aristócrata; persona de nobleza
Meaning
a member of the aristocracy; a person of noble rank or birth
Example
The aristocrat lived in a magnificent castle.
El aristócrata vivía en un castillo magnífico.
C1 noun /əˈpærəl/

apparel

ropa
Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or special clothes.
Example
The store specializes in wedding apparel.
La tienda se especializa en ropa de boda.
C1 verb /əˈdʒuːdɪˌkeɪt/

adjudicate

adjudicar
Meaning
to make a formal judgment or decision about a problem or dispute
Example
The committee was formed to adjudicate disputes between the parties.
Se formó un comité para adjudicar disputas entre las partes.
C1 adjective /ˈɛərˌtaɪt/

airtight

hermético
Meaning
Completely sealed so that no air can get in or out.
Example
Store the cookies in an airtight container to keep them fresh.
Guarda las galletas en un recipiente hermético para mantenerlas frescas.
C1 noun /əˈlʌmnəs/

alumnus

exalumno
Meaning
a former student or graduate of a school, college, or university
Example
He is an alumnus of Harvard University.
Él es un exalumno de la Universidad de Harvard.
C1 noun ˌeə.rəʊ.daɪˈnæm.ɪks

aerodynamics

aerodinámica
Meaning
The study of the properties of moving air and the interaction between the air and solid bodies moving through it.
Example
The aerodynamics of an aircraft determines its speed and efficiency.
La aerodinámica de una aeronave determina su velocidad y eficiencia.
C1 adjective /ˈækʃənəbl̩/

actionable

ejecutable
Meaning
Able to be acted on or giving sufficient reason for legal action.
Example
The lawyer confirmed that the evidence was actionable in court.
El abogado confirmó que la evidencia era ejecutable en la corte.
C1 adjective /əˈɡæst/

aghast

estupefacto
Meaning
filled with shock or horror
Example
The audience was aghast at the tragic scene.
La audiencia estaba estupefacta ante la escena trágica.
C1 noun /ˈænti ˈeəkræft ɡʌn/

Anti-aircraft-gun

cañón antiaéreo
Meaning
a weapon designed to attack aircraft from the ground
Example
The anti-aircraft gun was positioned to defend the military base.
El cañón antiaéreo estaba posicionado para defender la base militar.
C1 verb /əˈfɪliˌeɪt/

affiliate

afiliar
Meaning
to officially attach or connect (a group or organization) to a larger body
Example
The school is affiliated with the local university.
La escuela está afiliada a la universidad local.
C1 adjective /ˌæl.truˈɪs.tɪk/

altruistic

altruista
Meaning
Showing a disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.
Example
Her altruistic nature led her to volunteer for charities.
Su naturaleza altruista la llevó a ser voluntaria para organizaciones benéficas.
C1 noun /ˌæfəˈdeɪvɪt/

affidavit

declaración jurada
Meaning
a written statement confirmed by oath or affirmation, used as evidence in court
Example
The witness submitted an affidavit to the court.
El testigo presentó un affidavit ante el tribunal.
C1 adverb /əˈlɜːrtli/

alertly

atentamente
Meaning
in a watchful, attentive, and quick-to-notice manner
Example
She listened alertly to every sound in the dark forest.
Ella escuchó atentamente cada sonido en el bosque oscuro.
C1 verb /əˈbeɪt/

abate

disminuir
Meaning
to become less intense or widespread
Example
The storm began to abate after midnight.
La tormenta comenzó a disminuir después de la medianoche.
C1 noun ˌæprɪˈhɛnʃən

apprehension

preocupación
Meaning
Anxiety or fear that something bad or unpleasant will happen.
Example
There is an apprehension about the depletion of fish stocks.
Hay preocupación por la disminución de las existencias de pescado.
C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

anterior

anterior
Meaning
Situated at or toward the front; coming before in position or time.
Example
The anterior part of the brain controls logical thinking.
La parte anterior del cerebro controla el pensamiento lógico.
C1 noun əˈɡrɛriən səˈsaɪətiz

agrarian societies

sociedades agrarias
Meaning
Societies based on agriculture and farming as the primary economic activity.
Example
Agrarian societies emerged from a need for stable food sources.
Las sociedades agrarias surgieron por la necesidad de fuentes estables de alimentos.
C1 noun /əˈluːʒən/

allusion

alusió
Meaning
An indirect reference to something without mentioning it explicitly.
Example
Her story contained an allusion to a famous myth.
Su historia contenía una alusión a un mito famoso.
C1 noun /əˈtoʊnmənt/

atonement

expiación
Meaning
the act of making amends for a wrong, sin, or injury
Example
The festival was celebrated as a day of atonement.
El festival fue celebrado como un día de expiación.
C1 noun /ɑːˌtɪkjʊˈleɪʃən/

articulation

expresión
Meaning
The action of putting into words an idea or feeling of a specified type.
Example
His articulation during the debate impressed everyone.
Su articulación durante el debate impresionó a todos.
C1 adjective, noun /əbˈzɔːrbənt/

absorbent

absorbente
Meaning
able to soak up liquid, moisture, or energy easily; a material or substance that absorbs
Example
This towel is highly absorbent and dries quickly.
Esta toalla es muy absorbente y se seca rápido.
C1 adjective /ˌæprɪˈhɛnsɪv/

apprehensive

ansioso
Meaning
feeling anxious or fearful that something bad will happen
Example
He was apprehensive about starting a new job in a foreign country.
Estaba ansioso por comenzar un nuevo trabajo en un país extranjero.
C1 verb /ɔːˈθɛntɪkeɪt/

authenticate

autenticar
Meaning
To prove or show that something is genuine or true.
Example
The bank uses advanced technology to authenticate online transactions.
El banco utiliza tecnología avanzada para autenticar las transacciones en línea.
C1 noun /ˈæbsɛs/

abscess

absceso
Meaning
A swollen area within body tissue containing pus, usually caused by infection.
Example
The dentist treated the abscess in his tooth.
El dentista trató el absceso en su diente.
C1 adjective /ədˈmɪsəbl/

admissible

admisible
Meaning
acceptable or valid, especially as evidence in a court of law
Example
The judge ruled that the document was admissible as evidence.
El juez dictaminó que el documento era admisible como prueba.
C1 verb ɔːɡˈmɛntɪŋ

augmenting

aumentar
Meaning
Increasing; making something greater in size, number, or degree
Example
Life expectancy is augmenting with advancements in healthcare.
La esperanza de vida está aumentando con los avances en la atención sanitaria.
C1 noun /ˌæn.əˈnɪm.ə.ti/

anonymity

anonimato
Meaning
The state of being anonymous; having one's identity kept secret or unknown.
Example
Online anonymity protects users from cyber threats.
La anonimidad en línea protege a los usuarios de amenazas cibernéticas.
C1 noun ˈæ.sɛt ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən

asset allocation

asignación de activos
Meaning
An investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by apportioning a portfolio's assets according to an individual's goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon.
Example
Proper asset allocation is key to financial growth.
Una correcta asignación de activos es clave para el crecimiento financiero.
C1 adverb /əˈnjuː/

anew

de nuevo
Meaning
In a new or different way; once more.
Example
After the failure, she decided to start her life anew.
Después del fracaso, decidió comenzar su vida de nuevo.
C1 noun /ˌæn.ɪˈmɒs.ə.ti/

Animosity

animosidad; hostilidad
Meaning
strong hostility or dislike; active hatred or ill will
Example
There was clear animosity between the two rival teams.
Había una clara animosidad entre los dos equipos rivales.
C1 verb /ˌæprɪˈhɛnd/

apprehend

detener
Meaning
to arrest or seize someone; to understand or perceive something
Example
The police managed to apprehend the thief after a long chase.
La policía logró apresar al ladrón después de una larga persecución.
C1 noun /ˈæntlɚ/

antler

cuerno de ciervo
Meaning
The branched horns on the head of a deer or similar animal, usually shed and regrown annually.
Example
The deer’s antlers grew larger each year.
Los cuernos de ciervo crecían más grandes cada año.
C1 noun /əˈtjuːn.mənt/

attunement

armonización
Meaning
Being in harmony or responsive to someone's emotional state.
Example
Attunement to emotions improves relationships.
La armonización con las emociones mejora las relaciones.
C1 adjective ˈæl.ɡə.rɪ.ðəm drɪv.ən

algorithm-driven

impulsado por algoritmos.
Meaning
Controlled or powered by computer algorithms.
Example
Algorithm-driven systems increase accuracy.
Los sistemas impulsados por algoritmos aumentan la precisión.
C1 noun /əˌsaɪˈniː/

assignee

persona asignada
Meaning
a person to whom a right or property is legally transferred
Example
The assignee of the contract is responsible for all future obligations.
El asignado del contrato es responsable de todas las obligaciones futuras.
C1 adjective /əˈθɔːrɪtətɪv/

authoritative

autoritario
Meaning
Having or showing authority; commanding and self-confident; reliable as a source of information.
Example
She spoke in an authoritative tone that silenced the room.
Ella habló con un tono autoritario que silenció la habitación.
C1 noun /əˈsɪdɪti/

acidity

acidez
Meaning
the quality or degree of being acidic; the amount of acid present in a substance
Example
The acidity of the soil affects how well crops grow.
La acidez del suelo afecta el crecimiento de los cultivos.
C1 noun ˈælərdʒən

allergen

sustancia que causa una reacción alérgica
Meaning
A substance that causes an allergic reaction.
Example
Pollen is a common allergen that affects many people.
El polen es un alérgeno común que afecta a muchas personas.
C1 verb /əˈfɪks/

affix

adjuntar / pegar
Meaning
to attach or stick something firmly to another thing
Example
Please affix the stamp to the envelope.
Por favor, adjunte el sello al sobre.
C1 verb /əˈmæs/

amass

acumular
Meaning
to gather together or accumulate over a period of time
Example
He managed to amass a fortune through wise investments.
Logró acumular una fortuna a través de inversiones sabias.
C1 noun /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒəniːz/

aborigines

aborígenes
Meaning
The original inhabitants of a land, especially in Australia.
Example
The aborigines have preserved their traditions for thousands of years.
Los aborígenes han preservado sus tradiciones durante miles de años.
C1 adjective /əˈfɜːrmətɪv/

affirmative

afirmativo
Meaning
expressing agreement, approval, or a positive response
Example
She gave an affirmative answer to the proposal.
Ella dio una respuesta afirmativa a la propuesta.
C1 adjective /ˈɑːr.dənt/

Ardent

ardiente; entusiasta; fervoroso
Meaning
very enthusiastic; passionate; fervent
Example
She is an ardent supporter of environmental conservation.
Ella es una ferviente defensora de la conservación ambiental.
C1 adjective /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs/

analogous

análogo
Meaning
Comparable in certain respects, typically in a way that makes clearer the nature of things being compared.
Example
The human brain is analogous to a supercomputer.
El cerebro humano es análogo a una supercomputadora.
C1 noun /ədˈmɪtəns/

admittance

admisión
Meaning
the process or fact of entering or being allowed to enter a place
Example
No admittance without a valid ticket.
No hay admisión sin un boleto válido.
C1 verb ˌæs.ɚˈteɪn

ascertain

verificar
Meaning
To find out or discover something with certainty; to verify.
Example
The police tried to ascertain the cause of the accident.
La policía intentó verificar la causa del accidente.
C1 noun /ˈɔːnɪŋ/

awning

toldo
Meaning
a sheet of canvas or material stretched on a frame to shelter a place from the sun or rain
Example
We sat under the awning to avoid the heavy rain.
Nos sentamos debajo del toldo para evitar la lluvia intensa.
C1 noun /ˈædɪdʒ/

adage

refrán
Meaning
a short, well-known saying that expresses a general truth or piece of advice
Example
The old adage says that honesty is the best policy.
El viejo refrán dice que la honestidad es la mejor política.
C1 adjective /ˈɑːtfəl/

Artful

astuto; hábil; ingenioso
Meaning
clever or skillful, especially in a cunning way
Example
She gave an artful answer that avoided the real question.
Ella dio una respuesta astuta que evitó la verdadera pregunta.
C1 noun /ˈæmfɪˌθiətər/

amphitheater

anfiteatro
Meaning
A large open circular or oval building with rising tiers of seats, used for public events.
Example
The concert was held in an ancient amphitheater.
El concierto se celebró en un antiguo anfiteatro.
C1 noun /ˈænvɪl/

anvil

yunque de hierro
Meaning
A heavy iron block used by blacksmiths for hammering and shaping metal.
Example
The blacksmith placed the hot iron on the anvil.
El herrero colocó el hierro caliente sobre el yunque.
C1 noun /əˌfɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

affiliation

afiliación
Meaning
The state or process of affiliating or being affiliated; a connection or association.
Example
His affiliation with the company lasted for a decade.
Su afiliación con la empresa duró una década.
C1 noun /ˈænərkɪst/

anarchist

anarquista
Meaning
a person who believes in or promotes the absence of government or authority
Example
The anarchist group protested against state control.
El grupo anarquista protestó contra el control estatal.
C1 noun /əˈpɒsəl/

apostle

apóstol, defensor
Meaning
A vigorous and pioneering advocate or supporter of a particular cause, often used for the early Christian disciples.
Example
He became an apostle of environmental protection.
Él se convirtió en un apóstol de la protección del medio ambiente.
C1 adjective /æmˈbɪvələnt/

ambivalent

ambivalente
Meaning
Having mixed or contradictory feelings about something or someone.
Example
She was ambivalent about accepting the new job offer.
Ella estaba ambivalente acerca de aceptar la nueva oferta de trabajo.
C1 noun əˈtrɒs.ɪ.tiz

atrocities

atrocidades
Meaning
Extremely wicked or cruel acts, typically involving physical violence or injury.
Example
The atrocities shocked the international community.
Las atrocidades sorprendieron a la comunidad internacional.
C1 noun əˈrɪd.ɪ.ti

aridity

aridez
Meaning
The state of being extremely dry, especially having insufficient rainfall to support vegetation.
Example
The aridity of the land is increasing due to climate change.
La aridez de la tierra está aumentando debido al cambio climático.
C1 noun ˌæɡ.rəʊˈkem.ɪ.kəl

agrochemical

agroquímico
Meaning
A chemical product used in agriculture, especially a pesticide or fertilizer.
Example
Excessive use of agrochemicals can degrade soil quality.
El uso excesivo de agroquímicos puede degradar la calidad del suelo.
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

agilidad
Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
La agilidad mental es esencial para resolver problemas.
C1 noun /əˈnɒməli/

anomaly

anomalía
Meaning
something that deviates from the norm or expected result
Example
The sudden drop in temperature was considered an anomaly.
La caída repentina de la temperatura fue considerada una anomalía.
C1 verb /əˈkwɪt/

acquit

absolver
Meaning
to declare someone not guilty of a criminal charge; to conduct oneself in a specified way
Example
The jury decided to acquit the defendant of all charges.
El jurado decidió absolver al acusado de todos los cargos.
C1 verb /əˈvɛndʒ/

avenge

vengar
Meaning
to inflict harm in return for an injury or wrong done to oneself or another
Example
He vowed to avenge his brother's death.
Él juró vengar la muerte de su hermano.
C1 noun /ˈæntɪˌdoʊt/

antidote

antídoto
Meaning
A substance that neutralizes the effects of a poison; something that relieves or counteracts.
Example
The doctor quickly administered an antidote to the snake venom.
El doctor administró rápidamente un antídoto para el veneno de serpiente.
C1 noun /ˈeɪ.peks/

apex

ápice, cumbre, pico más alto
Meaning
The highest point or peak of something; the top or summit.
Example
He reached the apex of his career.
Él alcanzó el ápice de su carrera.
C1 verb /ˈædʒ.ɪ.teɪt/

agitate

agitar, provocar
Meaning
to stir up feelings or disturb; to campaign for change
Example
The protesters agitated for better working conditions.
Los manifestantes agitaron por mejores condiciones laborales.
C1 verb /ˈeɪ.li.ə.neɪt/

alienate

alienar
Meaning
To make someone feel isolated or estranged; to cause someone to become unfriendly.
Example
His rude behavior alienated many of his friends.
Su comportamiento grosero alienó a muchos de sus amigos.
C1 noun /ˈæftərˌθɔːt/

afterthought

un añadido
Meaning
Something added or considered later than originally planned.
Example
The gift seemed like an afterthought rather than a genuine gesture.
El regalo parecía un detalle de última hora más que un gesto genuino.
C1 verb /əˈkleɪm/

acclaim

elogiar
Meaning
to praise enthusiastically and publicly
Example
The audience acclaimed the actor for his outstanding performance.
La audiencia aclamó al actor por su impresionante actuación.
C1 noun /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

armada

flota de guerra
Meaning
A large fleet of warships.
Example
The Spanish Armada sailed against England in 1588.
La Armada Española navegó contra Inglaterra en 1588.
C1 verb /əˈseɪl/

assail

atacar
Meaning
to attack violently, either physically or with words
Example
The politician was assailed with difficult questions.
El político fue asaltado con preguntas difíciles.
C1 adjective /ɑːrˈkeɪɪk/

archaic

arcaico
Meaning
very old or old-fashioned; belonging to an earlier time
Example
Some laws are considered archaic and no longer relevant.
Algunas leyes se consideran arcaicas y ya no son relevantes.
C1 adjective ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəli sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt

agriculturally significant

importante relacionado con la agricultura
Meaning
Important or crucial related to farming and agriculture
Example
Winter is agriculturally significant for crop production.
El invierno es importante para la producción de cultivos.
C1 noun /əˈtrɑːsəti/

atrocity

atrocidad
Meaning
an extremely cruel or violent act, often involving physical violence
Example
The world condemned the atrocity committed against civilians.
El mundo condenó la atrocidad cometida contra los civiles.