spurious
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C1 adjective /ˈspjʊəriəs/

spurious

falsch / unrechtmäßig
Meaning
Not genuine, authentic, or true; false or fake.
Example
The report was based on spurious claims.
Der Bericht basierte auf falschen Behauptungen.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

bewegen
Meaning
to drive, force, or urge someone to do something
Example
Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.
Ihre Neugier trieb sie dazu, die mysteriöse Kiste zu öffnen.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

Surrogat
Meaning
A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.
Example
The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.
Die Leihmutter brachte das Kind nach neun Monaten zur Welt, nachdem sie es neun Monate lang getragen hatte.
C1 noun/verb /ˈɡlɪmər/

glimmer

ein schwaches Schimmern
Meaning
A faint or wavering light; to shine with a faint light.
Example
A glimmer of hope shone in her eyes.
Ein Schimmer der Hoffnung leuchtete in ihren Augen.
C1 verb, noun /miˈændər/

meander

wandern
Meaning
to wander aimlessly or follow a winding course
Example
We meandered through the old streets of the city.
Wir wanderten durch die alten Straßen der Stadt.
C1 noun /ˈvælər/

valor

Tapferkeit
Meaning
Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
Example
The soldier was honored for his valor during the war.
Der Soldat wurde für seine Tapferkeit im Krieg geehrt.
C1 noun /ˈhɜː.mɪt/

Hermit

eine Person, die in Einsamkeit als religiöse Disziplin lebt; jemand, der sich von der Gesellschaft zurückzieht
Meaning
a person living in solitude as a religious discipline; someone who withdraws from society
Example
The old hermit lived alone in a small cabin deep in the mountains, away from civilization.
Der alte Eremit lebte alleine in einer kleinen Hütte tief in den Bergen, fernab der Zivilisation.
C1 verb /ˈluːbrɪkeɪt/

lubricate

schmieren
Meaning
to apply oil or grease to reduce friction between surfaces
Example
The mechanic lubricated the car engine parts.
Der Mechaniker hat die Teile des Auto-Motors geschmiert.
C1 adjective ˈfɔːr.mɪ.də.bəl

formidable

furchterregend
Meaning
Inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable.
Example
The boxer was a formidable opponent in the ring.
Der Boxer war ein furchterregender Gegner im Ring.
C1 adjective /ˈɛərˌtaɪt/

airtight

luftdicht
Meaning
Completely sealed so that no air can get in or out.
Example
Store the cookies in an airtight container to keep them fresh.
Bewahren Sie die Kekse in einem luftdichten Behälter auf, um sie frisch zu halten.
C1 verb /ˈæn.ə.teɪt/

annotate

Notizen oder Kommentare hinzufügen
Meaning
to add notes or comments to a text, diagram, or document for explanation or clarification
Example
The teacher asked the students to annotate the poem with their interpretations.
Der Lehrer bat die Schüler, das Gedicht mit ihren Interpretationen zu annotieren.
C1 noun (plural) /kwɑːmz/

qualms

Bedenken
Meaning
feelings of doubt, worry, or uneasiness
Example
He had serious qualms about accepting the offer.
Er hatte ernsthafte Bedenken, das Angebot anzunehmen.
C1 adjective /frəˈtɜːrnəl/

fraternal

brüderlich
Meaning
Relating to brothers or brotherhood; friendly and supportive.
Example
The two nations maintain a fraternal relationship.
Die beiden Nationen pflegen eine brüderliche Beziehung.
C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

bürgen
Meaning
to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something
Example
I can vouch for his honesty.
Ich kann für seine Ehrlichkeit bürgen.
C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

Selbstbeherrschung
Meaning
The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.
Example
His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.
Seine Selbstbeherrschung während der Krise war bemerkenswert.
C1 verb /aʊst/

oust

verdrängen
Meaning
To remove someone from a position or place of power or authority.
Example
The rebels ousted the dictator from power.
Die Rebellen verdrängten den Diktator von der Macht.
C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

anterior

vorderer
Meaning
Situated at or toward the front; coming before in position or time.
Example
The anterior part of the brain controls logical thinking.
Der vordere Teil des Gehirns steuert das logische Denken.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.ɪ.fər.əs/

coniferous

bezogen auf Bäume mit Zapfen
Meaning
Relating to cone-bearing trees that usually have needle-like leaves and remain green year-round.
Example
Pine trees are coniferous and grow in colder climates.
Kiefern sind Nadelbäume und wachsen in kälteren Klimazonen.
C1 noun /ˌrɛfjʊˈteɪʃən/

refutation

Widerlegung
Meaning
The act of proving a statement or argument to be false or incorrect.
Example
Her essay was a strong refutation of the opposing theory.
Ihr Aufsatz war eine starke Widerlegung der gegnerischen Theorie.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnfɪdænt/

confidant

Vertrauter
Meaning
A person with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting them not to repeat it.
Example
She found a true confidant in her childhood friend.
Sie fand einen echten Vertrauten in ihrem Kindheitsfreund.
C1 adjective /ræmˈbʌŋk.ʃəs/

rambunctious

unruhig
Meaning
boisterous, energetic, and difficult to control.
Example
The rambunctious children filled the house with noise.
Die unruhigen Kinder füllten das Haus mit Lärm.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.səˌbɔːr.dɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

insubordination

Ungehorsam
Meaning
Defiance of authority; refusal to obey orders.
Example
The soldier was punished for insubordination during the mission.
Der Soldat wurde für Ungehorsam während der Mission bestraft.
C1 noun /ˈbɑn.dɪdʒ/

Bondage

Knechtschaft; Gefangenschaft
Meaning
the state of being a slave; the state of being under the control of a force or influence
Example
The people fought to escape from the bondage of oppression.
Die Menschen kämpften, um der Knechtschaft der Unterdrückung zu entkommen.
C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

Schiefer
Meaning
a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers
Example
The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.
Die Region ist reich an Schiefer und natürlichen Gasvorkommen.
C1 noun ˌdɪm.ɪˈnjuː.ʃən

diminution

Verringerung
Meaning
A reduction in the size, extent, or importance of something; decrease.
Example
There has been a diminution in air pollution.
Es gab eine Verringerung der Luftverschmutzung.
C1 noun /ˈpærɪti/

parity

Parität
Meaning
the state or condition of being equal, especially in status or pay
Example
The campaign aims to achieve pay parity between men and women.
Die Kampagne zielt darauf ab, die Lohngleichheit zwischen Männern und Frauen zu erreichen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

unzulässig
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
Der Richter erklärte das Beweismaterial für unzulässig.
C1 adjective /ˈsɒmbər/

somber

düster
Meaning
Dark or dull in color or tone; gloomy or serious.
Example
The funeral had a somber atmosphere.
Die Beerdigung hatte eine düstere Atmosphäre.
C1 noun /kwɔːrˈtɛt/

quartet

Quartett
Meaning
A group of four people playing music or singing together.
Example
The string quartet performed beautifully at the concert.
Das Streichquartett trat wunderbar beim Konzert auf.
C1 noun /ˌɑːrbɪˈtreɪʃən/

arbitration

Schiedsverfahren
Meaning
the process of resolving a dispute through an impartial third party whose decision is binding; formal judgment outside a court
Example
The contract requires arbitration to settle any disputes.
Der Vertrag schreibt ein Schiedsverfahren zur Streitbeilegung vor.
C1 noun /vʌlˈɡær.ɪ.ti/

Vulgarity

Vulgärität
Meaning
the quality of being rude, offensive, or indecent; lack of sophistication or good taste
Example
The comedian's jokes were criticized for their vulgarity.
Die Witze des Komikers wurden wegen ihrer Vulgarität kritisiert.
C1 adjective /ˈbloʊtɪd/

bloated

aufgebläht
Meaning
swollen or puffed up, often unpleasantly
Example
After the big meal, he felt bloated and uncomfortable.
Nach dem großen Essen fühlte er sich aufgebläht und unwohl.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪnsəpəld/

principled

prinzipientreu
Meaning
acting in accordance with moral or ethical standards
Example
He is a principled leader who always puts honesty first.
Er ist ein prinzipientreuer Führer, der immer Ehrlichkeit an erste Stelle setzt.
C1 adjective /ˌmʌltɪˈfæsɪtɪd/

multifaceted

vielseitig
Meaning
Having many different aspects or features
Example
The multifaceted approach to the problem resulted in innovative solutions.
Der vielseitige Ansatz des Problems führte zu innovativen Lösungen.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrmən/

foreman

Person, die eine Gruppe von Arbeitern leitet, insbesondere auf einer Baustelle oder in einer Fabrik
Meaning
a person in charge of a group of workers, especially in a factory or construction site
Example
The foreman supervised the workers on the construction site.
Der Vorarbeiter beaufsichtigte die Arbeiter auf der Baustelle.
C1 noun /ˈtʃænsələr/

chancellor

Kanzler / Rektor
Meaning
A senior state or legal official, or the head of a university.
Example
The chancellor delivered an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony.
Der Kanzler hielt eine inspirierende Rede bei der Abschlussfeier.
C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

Abgrund
Meaning
a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end
Example
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.
Die Kletterer schauten in den dunklen Abgrund darunter.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːr.tɪ.tjuːd/

fortitude

Festigkeit
Meaning
Courage in pain or adversity; mental and emotional strength in facing difficulty.
Example
She faced adversity with great fortitude.
Sie hat die Widrigkeiten mit großer Stärke bewältigt.
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

Antonym
Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
‘Hot’ ist das Antonym von ‘cold’.
C1 adjective /ˈfænsiːd/

fancied

eingebildet, gewünscht
Meaning
imagined, desired, or believed without evidence
Example
He is a fancied suitor in the eyes of the young lady.
Er ist ein eingebildeter Verehrer in den Augen der jungen Dame.
C1 adjective /ˈfleɪɡrənt/

flagrant

offensichtlich und eindeutig falsch
Meaning
shockingly noticeable or evident; glaringly wrong
Example
It was a flagrant violation of the rules.
Es war ein klares Vergehen der Regeln.
C1 noun /ˌkɔːriˈɒɡrəfi/

choreography

Choreografie
Meaning
The art of designing and arranging dances and movements.
Example
The choreography of the ballet was breathtaking.
Die Choreografie des Balletts war atemberaubend.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrmən/

sermon

Predigt
Meaning
A religious discourse delivered by a preacher, often offering moral instruction or spiritual guidance.
Example
The pastor gave a moving sermon about compassion and forgiveness.
Der Pastor hielt eine bewegende Predigt über Mitgefühl und Vergebung.
C1 noun /ˌdez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

Designation

Bezeichnung; Titel; Position; Status
Meaning
the action of choosing someone for a position; a name, title, or official status
Example
His designation as team leader came with additional responsibilities and authority.
Seine Bezeichnung als Teamleiter brachte zusätzliche Verantwortlichkeiten und Befugnisse mit sich.
C1 verb /ˌkɒntrəˈviːn/

contravene

verstoßen
Meaning
to go against or act in opposition to a law, rule, or agreement
Example
He contravened the safety regulations and was fined.
Er verstieß gegen die Sicherheitsvorschriften und wurde bestraft.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtʃænt/

enchant

verzaubern
Meaning
to delight or charm greatly; to cast a spell over
Example
The storyteller enchanted the children with his tales.
Der Geschichtenerzähler verzauberte die Kinder mit seinen Erzählungen.
C1 noun /ɔːˈtɒkrəsi/

autocracy

Autokratie
Meaning
A system of government in which one person has absolute power.
Example
The country suffered under decades of autocracy.
Das Land litt unter Jahrzehnten der Autokratie.
C1 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɔːri/

derogatory

abwertend
Meaning
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
Example
The article contained derogatory comments about the politician.
Der Artikel enthielt abwertende Kommentare über den Politiker.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsjuː/

ensue

folgen
Meaning
to happen as a result or consequence
Example
After the argument, silence ensued.
Nach dem Streit folgte Stille.
C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanour

verhalten
Meaning
a person's outward behavior or appearance
Example
Her calm demeanour impressed everyone during the meeting.
Ihr ruhiges Verhalten beeindruckte alle während des Treffens.
C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈriːd/

misread

falsch lesen
Meaning
to read something incorrectly or interpret wrongly
Example
He misread the instructions and built the shelf incorrectly.
Er las die Anweisungen falsch und baute das Regal falsch.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.lekt/

intellect

Intellekt
Meaning
The ability to think, reason, and understand objectively.
Example
Her intellect is admired by all her colleagues.
Ihr Intellekt wird von allen ihren Kollegen bewundert.
C1 noun /ˈræmpɑːrt/

rampart

Wall
Meaning
a defensive wall of a castle or fort
Example
The soldiers stood on the rampart, watching the enemy approach.
Die Soldaten standen auf dem Wall und beobachteten, wie der Feind sich näherte.
C1 adjective /ˈtæŋ.i/

tangy

scharf
Meaning
Having a strong, sharp, and pleasantly biting flavor or taste.
Example
The sauce had a tangy flavor that brightened the dish.
Die Soße hatte einen scharfen Geschmack, der das Gericht noch schmackhafter machte.
C1 verb /ˈdɛprɪˌkeɪt/

deprecate

missbilligen
Meaning
to express disapproval of something
Example
The teacher deprecated the use of slang in academic essays.
Der Lehrer missbilligte den Gebrauch von Slang in akademischen Aufsätzen.
C1 noun /ˈflæn.əl/

Flannel

Flanell
Meaning
a soft woven fabric, typically made of wool or cotton and slightly milled and raised
Example
He wore a warm flannel shirt in winter.
Er trug ein warmes Flanellhemd im Winter.
C1 noun /ˈtrɪlədʒi/

trilogy

Trilogie
Meaning
a set of three related works, usually books or films, that form a connected story
Example
The director finally released the third film to complete the sci-fi trilogy.
Der Regisseur veröffentlichte endlich den dritten Film, um die Sci-Fi-Trilogie zu vervollständigen.
C1 verb/noun /ˈθrɒt.əl/

throttle

drosseln/geschwindigkeit kontrollieren
Meaning
To choke or strangle; to control the flow of fuel or power in an engine.
Example
The driver throttled the engine to slow down the car.
Der Fahrer drosselte den Motor, um das Auto zu verlangsamen.
C1 verb /plɒd/

plod

langsam und stetig arbeiten
Meaning
to work slowly and steadily, often with effort or difficulty
Example
He plodded through his homework despite feeling tired.
Er arbeitete langsam an seiner Hausaufgabe, obwohl er müde war.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːbərn/

auburn

rötlich-braun
Meaning
reddish-brown in color, especially used to describe hair
Example
She has long auburn hair that shines in the sunlight.
Sie hat lange rötlich-braune Haare, die im Sonnenlicht glänzen.
C1 noun /doʊ/

doe

Reh
Meaning
a female deer, especially an adult one
Example
The doe and her fawn were grazing in the meadow.
Das Reh und ihr Kitz grasten auf der Wiese.
C1 noun, verb, adjective /ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡət/ (noun/adjective), /ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡeɪt/ (verb)

aggregate

Aggregat, Gesamt
Meaning
A whole formed by combining several elements; to combine into a total.
Example
The data was aggregated to provide a clearer picture of the market.
Die Daten wurden aggregiert, um ein klareres Bild des Marktes zu liefern.
C1 adjective /ˈbækˌhændɪd/

backhanded

indirekt oder sarkastisch
Meaning
Indirect or sarcastic, often appearing as praise but actually insulting.
Example
She gave him a backhanded compliment about his work.
Sie machte ihm ein indirektes Kompliment über seine Arbeit.
C1 noun rɪˈdʌndənsi

redundancy

Redundanz, Überfluss
Meaning
The state of being not or no longer needed or useful; superfluousness.
Example
The redundancy in the company's workforce led to many layoffs.
Die Redundanz in der Belegschaft des Unternehmens führte zu vielen Entlassungen.
C1 noun /ˈtʌrɪt/

turret

kleiner Turm auf einer größeren Festung oder einem Gebäude
Meaning
A small tower on top of a larger tower or building, often used in castles or fortifications.
Example
The castle was guarded by soldiers stationed in the turret.
Die Burg wurde von Soldaten bewacht, die im Turm stationiert waren.
C1 adjective /məˈtɪk.jə.ləs/

meticulous

Äußerst sorgfältig und genau in der Aufmerksamkeit auf Details
Meaning
Extremely careful and precise in attention to detail
Example
A meticulous researcher checks every detail before publishing.
Ein sorgfältiger Forscher überprüft jedes Detail, bevor er es veröffentlicht.
C1 verb /ɡrʌnt/

grunt

grunzen
Meaning
to make a low, rough sound, often when exerting effort or expressing annoyance
Example
He grunted as he lifted the heavy box.
Er grunzte, als er die schwere Kiste hob.
C1 adjective /ˌtræn.zətˈlæn.tɪk/

transatlantic

den Atlantischen Ozean überqueren
Meaning
crossing or spanning the Atlantic Ocean
Example
They took a transatlantic flight from New York to London.
Sie nahmen einen transatlantischen Flug von New York nach London.
C1 noun ˈkeɪ.dəns

cadence

Sprachrhythmus mit Auf- und Abstieg der Tonhöhe
Meaning
The rhythm and flow of speech with rise and fall in tone.
Example
His speech had a natural cadence that captivated the audience.
Seine Rede hatte eine natürliche Kadenz, die das Publikum fesselte.
C1 verb /broʊtʃ/

broach

ansprechen
Meaning
to bring up a subject for discussion
Example
She decided to broach the topic of salary with her manager.
Sie entschied sich, das Thema Gehalt mit ihrem Manager anzusprechen.
C1 adjective ˌsɪn.əˈdʒɪs.tɪk

synergistic

synergetisch
Meaning
Relating to the interaction of elements that when combined produce a greater effect than the sum of their individual effects.
Example
A synergistic effect occurs when nutrients work together.
Ein synergetischer Effekt tritt auf, wenn Nährstoffe zusammenarbeiten.
C1 verb, noun /træmp/

tramp

Landstreicher / schwer trampeln
Meaning
to walk heavily or noisily; a person who travels from place to place on foot, often homeless
Example
They tramped through the forest in heavy boots.
Sie trampelten durch den Wald mit schweren Stiefeln.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæs.tɪ.ti/

Chastity

Keuschheit; Jungfräulichkeit; Mäßigung;
Meaning
the practice of refraining from extramarital or premarital sexual relations; sexual purity
Example
Many religious traditions value chastity as a virtue of moral purity.
Viele religiöse Traditionen schätzen Keuschheit als eine Tugend der moralischen Reinheit.
C1 verb /ˈræʃənəlaɪz/

rationalize

rationalisieren
Meaning
to attempt to explain or justify behavior or decisions with logical reasons, even if they are not true or appropriate
Example
She tried to rationalize her lateness by blaming the traffic.
Sie versuchte, ihre Verspätung zu rationalisieren, indem sie den Verkehr beschuldigte.
C1 adjective /trænsˈluːsənt/

translucent

halbtransparent
Meaning
allowing light to pass through, but not clearly enough to see detailed images
Example
She placed the flower in a translucent vase.
Sie stellte die Blume in eine halbtransparente Vase.
C1 adjective /bɪˈfɪt.ɪŋ/

Befitting

angemessen; passend; geeignet für eine bestimmte Situation oder Person
Meaning
appropriate; suitable; proper for a particular situation or person
Example
He wore formal attire befitting the important occasion.
Er trug einen formellen Anzug, der der wichtigen Gelegenheit angemessen war.
C1 noun ˈsɪn.tæks

syntax

Syntax
Meaning
The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
Example
Programming languages follow strict syntax rules.
Programmiersprachen folgen strengen Syntaxregeln.
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

Kohlenstoffbindung
Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
Wälder spielen eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Kohlenstoffbindung.
C1 noun /ˈplæz.mə/

Plasma

flüssiger Teil des Blutes; ionisiertes Gas; Blutserum ohne Gerinnungsproteine
Meaning
the liquid part of blood; ionized gas; blood serum without clotting proteins
Example
Blood plasma contains various proteins and nutrients.
Blutplasma enthält verschiedene Proteine und Nährstoffe.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

inarticulate

unverständlich
Meaning
Unable to express oneself clearly or effectively in speech or writing.
Example
She became inarticulate with emotion during the speech.
Sie wurde beim Vortrag vor Emotionen unverständlich.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzɪl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

exhilaration

Hochstimmung oder Freude
Meaning
A feeling of excitement, happiness, or elation.
Example
The feeling of exhilaration after a roller-coaster ride is amazing.
Das Gefühl der Exhilaration nach einer Achterbahnfahrt ist erstaunlich.
C1 noun /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/

Modesty

bescheidenheit; demut
Meaning
the quality of being humble and not boastful about achievements
Example
Despite his success, he showed great modesty.
Trotz seines Erfolgs zeigte er große Bescheidenheit.
C1 noun /ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən/

demolition

Abriss
Meaning
the act or process of destroying a building or structure
Example
The demolition of the old factory took several weeks.
Der Abriss der alten Fabrik dauerte mehrere Wochen.
C1 verb, noun /mʊər/

moor

festmachen / unbebautes land
Meaning
As a verb: to tie a ship so that it stays in place. As a noun: open, uncultivated land.
Example
The sailors moored the ship at the dock.
Die matrosen haben das schiff am dock vertäut.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɑːnt/

confidante

Vertraute Freundin
Meaning
A woman with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting her not to repeat it.
Example
The queen’s maid became her most trusted confidante.
Die Magd der Königin wurde ihre vertrauenswürdigste Vertraute.
C1 noun /ˈvʌl.tʃər/

Vulture

geier
Meaning
a large bird of prey that feeds mainly on carrion
Example
The vulture circled overhead, waiting for its prey.
Der Geier drehte seine Kreise über uns, wartend auf seine Beute.
C1 adjective /ˈblʌdləs/

bloodless

blutlos
Meaning
without bloodshed; lacking violence or vitality
Example
The revolution was surprisingly bloodless.
Die Revolution war überraschenderweise blutlos.
C1 verb /ʌpˈruːt/

uproot

entwurzeln
Meaning
To pull something out of the ground; to remove or displace completely.
Example
They uprooted the old tree from the garden.
Sie haben den alten Baum aus dem Garten gerodet.
C1 noun /fɪˈnɛs/

finesse

Finesse, Geschicklichkeit, Raffinesse
Meaning
Subtlety and skill; refinement and delicacy in performance or artistry.
Example
The artist painted with great finesse.
Der Künstler malte mit großer Finesse.
C1 noun /ˈmɛrɪɡoʊld/

Marigold

Ringelblume
Meaning
a bright orange or yellow flower of the daisy family, often used in gardens and ceremonies
Example
The vibrant marigold flowers added a splash of color to the festival decorations.
Die lebhaften Ringelblumen brachten Farbe in die Festdekorationen.
C1 noun /ˈtɪrəni/

tyranny

Tyrannei
Meaning
Cruel and oppressive government or rule by a tyrant.
Example
The people revolted against the tyranny of their ruler.
Das Volk erhob sich gegen die Tyrannei ihres Herrschers.
C1 noun /ˈælɪbaɪ/

alibi

Alibi
Meaning
A claim or piece of evidence that one was elsewhere when an act, typically a crime, was committed.
Example
She had a strong alibi that proved she was at the cinema during the theft.
Sie hatte ein starkes Alibi, das bewies, dass sie während des Diebstahls im Kino war.
C1 verb /dɪˈɡreɪd/

degrade

herabsetzen
Meaning
To lower in dignity, quality, or value; to treat with disrespect or to deteriorate.
Example
Harsh words can degrade a person's confidence.
Harte Worte können das Selbstvertrauen einer Person herabsetzen.
C1 verb /sɪˈkriːt/

secrete

sekretieren
Meaning
to produce and release a substance from a cell, gland, or organ
Example
The pancreas secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Die Bauchspeicheldrüse sekretiert Insulin, um den Blutzuckerspiegel zu regulieren.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌstriəs/

industrious

fleißig
Meaning
Hardworking and diligent in one's duties.
Example
She is an industrious student who always completes her assignments on time.
Sie ist eine fleißige Studentin, die immer ihre Aufgaben rechtzeitig erledigt.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːʃən/

Persian

Person aus dem Iran oder die persisch spricht
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Iran; the language spoken in Iran (Farsi)
Example
The Persian language has a rich literary history.
Die persische Sprache hat eine reiche literarische Geschichte.
C1 adjective /ˈbleɪtənt/

blatant

offensichtlich
Meaning
done openly and unashamedly; obvious and offensive
Example
The company's blatant disregard for safety regulations angered the public.
Die offensichtliche Missachtung der Sicherheitsvorschriften durch das Unternehmen brachte die Öffentlichkeit aufgebracht.
C1 adjective /ˈkɑːr.di.æk/

cardiac

kardiologisch
Meaning
Relating to the heart.
Example
The patient was admitted with a cardiac condition.
Der Patient wurde mit einer kardialen Erkrankung aufgenommen.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪlfəl/

willful

willens
Meaning
Deliberate, intentional, or stubbornly determined to do as one wants.
Example
Her willful disregard for the rules got her into trouble.
Ihr willensstarker Missbrauch der Regeln brachte sie in Schwierigkeiten.
C1 adjective /haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/

hydraulic

hydraulisch
Meaning
operated by the pressure of liquid, especially water or oil
Example
The mechanic repaired the hydraulic system of the machine.
Der Mechaniker reparierte das hydraulische System der Maschine.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/

Untouchable

unantastbar; jenseits der Kritik oder des Angriffs
Meaning
not able to be touched or affected; beyond criticism or attack
Example
The CEO seemed untouchable despite the scandal.
Der CEO schien trotz des Skandals unantastbar.
C1 noun /ˈpetɪkoʊt/

Petti-coat

Petticoat
Meaning
an undergarment worn by women under a dress or skirt
Example
She wore a white petticoat under her dress.
Sie trug einen weißen Petticoat unter ihrem Kleid.
C1 noun /kəˈlaɪdəˌskoʊp/

kaleidoscope

Kaleidoskop
Meaning
A toy or instrument with mirrors and colored pieces that create changing patterns when rotated; also used metaphorically for a constantly changing sequence of patterns or elements.
Example
The city lights turned into a kaleidoscope of colors as the festival began.
Die Lichter der Stadt verwandelten sich in ein Kaleidoskop aus Farben, als das Festival begann.
C1 noun /ˈrɛpərˌtɔːri/

repertory

Repertoire
Meaning
A collection of works that a company, performer, or institution regularly performs; also a storehouse of information or skills.
Example
The theater has a repertory of classic plays.
Das Theater hat ein Repertoire an klassischen Stücken.
C1 noun əbˈzɔːrp.ʃən

absorption

Absorption
Meaning
The process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
Example
Plants help in the absorption of carbon dioxide.
Pflanzen helfen bei der Absorption von Kohlendioxid.
C1 adjective ˈɪn.tər.ɪm

interim

interimistisch
Meaning
In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.
Example
Interim governments manage transitional phases.
Interim-Regierungen verwalten Übergangsphasen.
C1 noun ˈdɪk.ʃən

diction

Aussprache und Wortwahl
Meaning
The style of pronunciation and word choice in speaking or writing.
Example
A strong diction enhances communication skills.
Eine starke Diktat verbessert die Kommunikationsfähigkeiten.
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

Spitze
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
Der Kirchturm war von weitem sichtbar.
C1 verb /mæʃ/

mash

zerdrücken
Meaning
to crush or mix food into a soft mass, usually by pressing or beating
Example
She mashed the potatoes before serving dinner.
sie hat die Kartoffeln vor dem Servieren des Abendessens zerdrückt.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈspænsɪv/

expansive

expansiv
Meaning
covering a wide area or having a wide range of ideas or emotions
Example
They enjoyed the expansive view from the hilltop.
Sie genossen die expansive Aussicht vom Gipfel des Hügels.
C1 noun /liːtʃ/

Leech

Blutegel
Meaning
an aquatic or terrestrial annelid worm with suckers at both ends; metaphorically, a person who extorts profit from others
Example
The leech attached itself to his leg while swimming.
Der Blutegel haftete während des Schwimmens an seinem Bein.
C1 verb /ˈlɪtɪˌɡeɪt/

litigate

klagen
Meaning
to engage in legal proceedings or take a dispute to court
Example
The company decided to litigate the contract dispute.
Die Firma entschied sich, den Vertragsstreit zu verhandeln.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrwɜːrd/

foreword

Vorwort
Meaning
a short introduction at the beginning of a book, typically written by someone other than the author
Example
The foreword of the book was written by a famous historian.
Das Vorwort des Buches wurde von einem berühmten Historiker geschrieben.
C1 noun /hjuː/

hue

Farbe
Meaning
A color or shade.
Example
The artist chose a soft blue hue for the background.
Der Künstler wählte einen sanften blauen Farbton für den Hintergrund.
C1 noun /vɪˈvæsɪti/

vivacity

Lebensfreude
Meaning
The quality of being lively, animated, and full of energy.
Example
The child’s vivacity brightened the entire room.
Die Lebensfreude des Kindes erhellte den gesamten Raum.
C1 adjective /ˌjuːtɪlɪˈtɛəriən/

utilitarian

Meaning
Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Example
The building had a simple utilitarian design.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

besorgniserregend
Meaning
Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.
Example
The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.
Der Nachrichtenbericht war für die Öffentlichkeit zutiefst besorgniserregend.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

sensibilität
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
Ihre künstlerische Sensibilität half ihr, die feinen Details in den Gemälden zu schätzen.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛm.ɪ.neɪt/

disseminate

verbreiten
Meaning
To spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people.
Example
Social media helps to disseminate information quickly.
Soziale Medien helfen dabei, Informationen schnell zu verbreiten.
C1 verb /əbˈsteɪn/

abstain

sich enthalten
Meaning
To restrain oneself from indulging in or partaking of something.
Example
People often abstain from digital devices to enhance focus.
Menschen enthalten sich oft digitaler Geräte, um ihre Konzentration zu verbessern.
C1 noun /ˈɡraʊnd kruː/

ground crew

Bodenpersonal
Meaning
a team of people who maintain and service aircraft on the ground
Example
The ground crew prepared the plane for takeoff.
Das Bodenpersonal hat das Flugzeug für den Start vorbereitet.