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C1 verb /spɔːn/

spawn

hervorbringen
Meaning
to produce or generate, often in large numbers
Example
The video game has spawned many sequels.
Das Videospiel hat viele Fortsetzungen hervorgebracht.
C1 verb /smɜrk/

smirk

selbstzufriedenes Lächeln
Meaning
to smile in a self-satisfied, smug, or silly way
Example
He smirked when he won the argument.
Er schmunzelte, als er die Diskussion gewann.
C1 adjective ˈskruː.pjʊ.ləs

scrupulous

gewissenhaft
Meaning
Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details; having moral integrity; acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper.
Example
He is known for being scrupulous in his work.
Er ist dafür bekannt, in seiner Arbeit gewissenhaft zu sein.
C1 noun /ˈslændər/

Slander

Verleumdung
Meaning
the action of making false spoken statements damaging to someone's reputation
Example
The politician sued the newspaper for slander.
Der Politiker klagte die Zeitung wegen Verleumdung an.
C1 verb /ʃʌnt/

shunt

umfahren
Meaning
to move or turn aside; to push or divert from one track to another
Example
The train was shunted onto a different track.
Der Zug wurde auf ein anderes Gleis umgeleitet.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

Surrogat
Meaning
A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.
Example
The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.
Die Leihmutter brachte das Kind nach neun Monaten zur Welt, nachdem sie es neun Monate lang getragen hatte.
C1 noun ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm

symbolism

Symbolismus
Meaning
The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example
The use of symbolism in the novel is masterful.
Die Verwendung von Symbolismus in dem Roman ist meisterhaft.
C1 noun /skɪt/

skit

Sketch
Meaning
a short, humorous performance or piece of writing
Example
The students performed a funny skit at the event.
Die Studenten führten einen lustigen Sketch bei der Veranstaltung auf.
C1 noun /swiːt.laɪm/

Sweetlime

süßer Limette
Meaning
a citrus fruit that is sweeter and less acidic than regular lime
Example
The sweetlime juice was refreshing on a hot day.
Der süße Limettensaft war erfrischend an einem heißen Tag.
C1 verb /sərˈmaʊnt/

surmount

überwinden
Meaning
to overcome a difficulty or obstacle
Example
He surmounted all the challenges to achieve his dream.
Er überwand alle Herausforderungen, um seinen Traum zu verwirklichen.
C1 noun /ˈseɪ.tən/

Satan

Satan
Meaning
the chief evil spirit; the Devil in Christian and Islamic belief
Example
According to religious texts, Satan tempts people to sin.
Laut religiösen Texten verführt Satan die Menschen zur Sünde.
C1 noun /ˈstaɪləs/

stylus

Stylus
Meaning
a small tool used for writing, drawing, or touching screens
Example
She used a stylus to draw on her tablet.
Sie benutzte einen Stylus, um auf ihrem Tablet zu zeichnen.
C1 verb /stoʊk/

stoke

das Feuer schüren; ein starkes Gefühl oder eine Aktivität anregen oder verstärken
Meaning
To add fuel to a fire; to encourage or increase a strong feeling or activity.
Example
The politician’s speech stoked anger among the crowd.
Die Rede des Politikers entfachte Zorn unter der Menge.
C1 noun /ˈskaʊndrəl/

scoundrel

Schurke
Meaning
a dishonest or unscrupulous person; a villain
Example
That scoundrel cheated the old man out of his savings.
Dieser Schurke betrog den alten Mann und raubte ihm seine Ersparnisse.
C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

Rationalisierung
Meaning
The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
Example
Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.
Die Rationalisierung von Prozessen kann die Betriebskosten erheblich senken.
C1 noun /səˈlɛmnɪti/

solemnity

Seriosität
Meaning
the state or quality of being serious and dignified
Example
The ceremony was conducted with great solemnity.
Die Zeremonie wurde mit großer Seriosität durchgeführt.
C1 noun səˌsɛp.təˈbɪl.ə.ti

susceptibility

Empfindlichkeit
Meaning
The quality of being likely to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing; vulnerability.
Example
High susceptibility to infections requires extra care.
Hohe Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Infektionen erfordert zusätzliche Pflege.
C1 noun /ˈsæf.rən/

Saffron

safran
Meaning
a deep yellow-orange color; an expensive spice derived from crocus flowers
Example
The saffron fabric looked beautiful in the sunlight.
Der Safran-Stoff sah im Sonnenlicht wunderschön aus.
C1 noun /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪtər/

speculator

Spekulant
Meaning
A person who forms theories without evidence, or invests in assets hoping for profit.
Example
The real estate speculator bought land hoping its value would rise.
Der Immobilien-Spekulant kaufte Land in der Hoffnung, dass sein Wert steigen würde.
C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːrlətɪv/

superlative

superlativ
Meaning
Of the highest quality or degree; expressing the extreme form of an adjective or adverb.
Example
Her performance was superlative, earning her a standing ovation.
Ihre Leistung war superlativ und brachte ihr stehende Ovationen ein.
C1 verb /ˈʃʌdər/

shudder

zittern
Meaning
to tremble or shake suddenly, often due to fear, cold, or strong emotion
Example
She shuddered at the thought of walking alone in the dark forest.
Sie schauderte bei dem Gedanken, allein im dunklen Wald zu gehen.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

sensibilität
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
Ihre künstlerische Sensibilität half ihr, die feinen Details in den Gemälden zu schätzen.
C1 verb /smɪr/

smear

schmieren / verleumden
Meaning
to spread or apply a substance messily; to damage someone's reputation with false or unfair words
Example
The child smeared paint across the wall.
Das Kind hat Farbe an die Wand geschmiert.
C1 verb /ˈstoʊnwɔːl/

stonewall

blockieren
Meaning
To delay or block progress by refusing to cooperate or answer
Example
The witness tried to stonewall during the investigation.
Der Zeuge versuchte, während der Untersuchung zu stonewallen.
C1 noun /ˈstɔːrhaʊs/

storehouse

Lagerhaus
Meaning
A place where goods, supplies, or valuables are stored; a repository
Example
The warehouse acted as a storehouse for all the imported goods.
Das Lager diente als Storehouse für alle importierten Waren.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌbstəntɪv/

substantive

bedeutend
Meaning
Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.
Example
The company made substantive changes to its policy.
Das Unternehmen hat bedeutende Änderungen an seiner Politik vorgenommen.
C1 verb /ˈsɪnɚdʒaɪzd/

synergized

synergisiert, vereint, koordiniert
Meaning
Combine in such a way that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects.
Example
The teams were synergized to maximize productivity.
Die Teams wurden synergisiert, um die Produktivität zu maximieren.
C1 verb /ˈstaɪmi/

stymie

behindern
Meaning
to prevent or hinder the progress of something
Example
The new regulations could stymie small businesses.
Die neuen Regelungen könnten kleine Unternehmen behindern.
C1 noun /ˈskrɪmɪdʒ/

scrimmage

Trainingsspiel
Meaning
A practice game or informal match, often in sports, especially football.
Example
The team had a scrimmage before the official season started.
Das Team hatte ein Trainingsspiel, bevor die offizielle Saison begann.
C1 verb /skʌf/

scuff

abkratzen
Meaning
to mark or scratch the surface of something by rubbing
Example
He scuffed his shoes on the pavement.
Er hat seine Schuhe auf dem Bürgersteig abgewetzt.
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

saugen
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
Das Baby saugt an einem Schnuller.
C1 adjective /skəˈlæstɪk/

scholastic

schulisch
Meaning
Relating to schools, education, or academic learning.
Example
The school organizes scholastic competitions every year.
Die Schule organisiert jedes Jahr schulische Wettbewerbe.
C1 noun /ˈskeɪ.biːz/

Scabies

Krätze
Meaning
a contagious skin disease caused by mites that causes intense itching
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with scabies after examining the rash.
Der Arzt diagnostizierte bei ihm Krätze nach der Untersuchung des Ausschlags.
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

verzaubert; gebannt
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
Die Kinder saßen verzaubert, während der Zauberer seine Tricks vorführte.
C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

Altruismus
Meaning
The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.
Example
Selflessness is a key value for community building.
Altruismus ist ein wichtiger Wert für den Gemeinschaftsbau.
C1 noun /strəˈtiː.dʒɪk ˈɪn.saɪts/

strategic insights

strategische Erkenntnisse
Meaning
Deep understanding and wisdom gained through careful analysis for planning purposes.
Example
Strategic insights guide policymaking.
Strategische Erkenntnisse leiten die Politikgestaltung.
C1 noun, verb /spreɪn/

sprain

verstauchung
Meaning
an injury to a joint in which the ligaments are stretched or torn
Example
She sprained her ankle while running in the park.
Sie verdrehte ihren Knöchel, während sie im Park lief.
C1 adjective ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl

subliminal

unterhalb der Schwelle des Bewusstseins existierend oder wirkend, vom Geist einer Person wahrgenommen oder beeinflussend, ohne dass sie sich dessen bewusst ist
Meaning
Existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.
Example
Advertisements often have subliminal messages.
Werbung enthält oft subliminale Botschaften.
C1 noun /səˈbraɪəti/

sobriety

Nüchternheit
Meaning
the state of being sober; self-restraint and seriousness
Example
He has maintained his sobriety for five years.
Er hat seine Nüchternheit fünf Jahre lang aufrechterhalten.
C1 verb /ˈsætəˌraɪz/

satirize

satirisieren
Meaning
to mock or criticize something using satire
Example
The play satirizes the greed of modern corporations.
Das Stück satirisiert die Gier moderner Unternehmen.
C1 adjective /ˈstætʃətɔːri/

statutory

gesetzlich
Meaning
Required, permitted, or enacted by law.
Example
The company must comply with all statutory regulations.
Das Unternehmen muss alle gesetzlichen Vorschriften einhalten.
C1 verb/noun /skɒtʃ/

scotch

beenden / schottischer Whisky
Meaning
to put an end to something; also a type of whisky
Example
The report scotched the rumors of a merger.
Der Bericht hat die Gerüchte einer Fusion gestoppt.
C1 noun /straɪf/

strife

Konflikt, Streit
Meaning
angry or violent conflict; struggle or discord
Example
The region has been torn apart by political strife.
Die Region wurde von politischen Konflikten zerrissen.
C1 noun /ʃoʊl/

shoal

Fischschwarm
Meaning
a large group of fish swimming together; a shallow place in water
Example
We saw a shoal of fish near the coast.
Wir sahen einen Fischschwarm nahe der Küste.
C1 verb/noun /ˈsɒldər/

solder

löten
Meaning
To join metal parts together by melting and putting a filler metal into the joint
Example
He soldered the broken wires back together.
Er hat die kaputten Drähte wieder zusammen gelötet.
C1 adjective /ˈspʌndʒi/

Spongy

schwammig
Meaning
soft and full of holes like a sponge; porous
Example
The cake had a light and spongy texture.
Der Kuchen hatte eine leichte und schwammige Textur.
C1 noun /ˈʃɜːrbət/

sherbet

Sorbet
Meaning
a sweet flavored drink or a frozen dessert made from sweetened fruit juice
Example
On hot days, she enjoys a glass of lemon sherbet.
An heißen Tagen genießt sie ein Glas Zitronensorbet.
C1 noun /ˈsæf.aɪər/

Saphire

saphir
Meaning
a precious stone that is typically blue in color
Example
The royal crown was adorned with a large sapphire.
Die königliche Krone war mit einem großen Saphir geschmückt.
C1 verb /səˈplænt/

supplant

ersetzen
Meaning
To take the place of something or someone, often by force or strategy.
Example
Digital platforms have supplanted traditional newspapers.
Digitale Plattformen haben traditionelle Zeitungen ersetzt.
C1 adjective /ˈsaʊnd.pruːf/

Sound-proof

schalldicht; verhindert das Eindringen oder Austreten von Schall
Meaning
impervious to sound; preventing sound from entering or leaving
Example
The recording studio has sound-proof walls.
Das Aufnahmestudio hat schalldichte Wände.
C1 adjective /ˈsɪnjuəs/

sinuous

gewunden
Meaning
Having many curves, bends, or turns; winding.
Example
The hikers followed a sinuous path through the forest.
Die Wanderer folgten einem gewundenen Pfad durch den Wald.
C1 noun, verb /slɜːr/

slur

Beleidigung / abfälliger Kommentar
Meaning
An insulting remark or suggestion; or to speak indistinctly.
Example
He made a slur against her character.
Er hat eine abfällige Bemerkung über ihren Charakter gemacht.
C1 noun /ˌsɛrənˈdɪpɪti/

serendipity

Serendipität
Meaning
The occurrence of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way.
Example
Finding that old photo album was pure serendipity.
Das Finden des alten Fotoalbums war pure Serendipität.
C1 adjective /ˌsʌbˈkɒn.ʃəs/

subconscious

unbewusst
Meaning
Of or concerning the part of the mind which one is not fully aware of but which influences actions and feelings.
Example
Fears often come from the subconscious mind.
Ängste kommen oft aus dem unbewussten Geist.
C1 noun /ˈswiːt.miːt/

Sweetmeat

süßes Gebäck
Meaning
a small piece of confectionery or candy; a sweet delicacy
Example
The children enjoyed the traditional sweetmeats during the festival.
Die Kinder genossen die traditionellen Süßigkeiten während des Festivals.
C1 adjective /ˈswoʊlən/

swollen

geschwollen
Meaning
Enlarged or puffed up, usually due to injury, inflammation, or fluid accumulation
Example
Her ankle was swollen after she twisted it during the hike.
Ihr Knöchel war geschwollen, nachdem sie ihn beim Wandern verstaucht hatte.
C1 noun /suˈpriː.mə.si/

Supremacy

Überlegenheit; höchste Autorität oder Macht
Meaning
the state of being supreme; highest authority or power
Example
The country established naval supremacy in the region.
Das Land etablierte die maritime Überlegenheit in der Region.
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

ablenken
Meaning
To distract from the main subject or activity.
Example
She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.
Sie wurde von einem unerwarteten Anruf abgelenkt.
C1 verb /ˈskævɪndʒ/

scavenge

im Müll nach etwas suchen
Meaning
to search through waste or discarded material to find useful items
Example
The children scavenged for food in the garbage dump.
Die Kinder durchsuchten den Müll nach Essen.
C1 noun /spæt/

spat

kleiner Streit
Meaning
a short, petty quarrel or argument
Example
They had a brief spat about who should do the dishes.
Sie hatten einen kurzen Streit darüber, wer das Geschirr spülen sollte.
C1 noun stɔːrm ɪnˌtensɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

storm intensification

Sturmverstärkung
Meaning
The process by which storms become stronger and more severe in intensity.
Example
Storm intensification is linked to climate change.
Die Sturmverstärkung ist mit dem Klimawandel verbunden.
C1 noun /ˈsɛpərətɪst/

separatist

Separatist
Meaning
A person who supports the separation of a group from a larger body, often for political or cultural independence.
Example
The separatist group demanded independence from the central government.
Die separatistische Gruppe forderte die Unabhängigkeit von der Zentralregierung.
C1 verb /ˈsmoʊldər/

smolder

schmoren
Meaning
to burn slowly with smoke but no flame; to show suppressed anger or emotion
Example
The fire smoldered for hours before it went out.
Das Feuer schmorte stundenlang, bevor es erlosch.
C1 verb /struː/

strew

verstreuen
Meaning
to scatter or spread things untidily over a surface or area
Example
Clothes were strewn across the floor.
Die Kleider lagen verstreut auf dem Boden.
C1 adjective /ˈstɪndʒi/

stingy

geizig
Meaning
unwilling to spend or give; miserly
Example
He is too stingy to buy a gift for his friend.
Er ist zu geizig, um ein Geschenk für seinen Freund zu kaufen.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

mürrisch und grantig; launisch
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
Das Kind wurde mürrisch, als es sein Lieblingsspielzeug nicht bekam.
C1 noun /ˈswɪndlɚ/

swindler

Betrüger
Meaning
a person who cheats or deceives others for money or gain
Example
The police finally caught the notorious swindler.
Die Polizei hat den berüchtigten Betrüger endlich gefasst.
C1 verb /ˈstɪɡmətaɪz/

stigmatize

stigmatisieren
Meaning
to describe or regard someone as worthy of disgrace or disapproval
Example
People with certain illnesses are often unfairly stigmatized.
Menschen mit bestimmten Krankheiten werden oft ungerecht stigmatisiert.
C1 verb /sɪˈsiːd/

secede

abspalten
Meaning
To formally withdraw from a political or organizational union.
Example
Several states threatened to secede from the union.
Mehrere Staaten drohten, sich von der Union zu trennen.
C1 noun /ˌstætʃuˈɛt/

statuette

kleine Statue
Meaning
A small statue, usually decorative or artistic.
Example
The artist won a gold statuette for his work.
Der Künstler gewann eine goldene kleine Statue für seine Arbeit.
C1 adjective /sər'pæs.ɪŋ/

Surpassing

herausragend; überlegen; außergewöhnlich
Meaning
exceeding; going beyond; outstanding
Example
Her surpassing beauty made everyone stop and stare.
Ihre herausragende Schönheit ließ alle anhalten und starren.
C1 verb /ˈspɪərˌhɛd/

spearhead

anführen
Meaning
to lead or initiate an action, project, or movement
Example
She spearheaded the campaign for environmental awareness.
Sie führte die Kampagne für Umweltbewusstsein an.
C1 noun /sɔːd fɪʃ/

Sword fish

Schwertfisch
Meaning
A large marine fish with an elongated bill resembling a sword
Example
The swordfish can swim at speeds up to 60 mph.
Der Schwertfisch kann mit Geschwindigkeiten von bis zu 60 mph schwimmen.
C1 adjective /ˈstæɡ.nənt/

Stagnant

stagnierend; unbeweglich; ohne Entwicklung
Meaning
not moving or flowing; showing no activity or development
Example
The stagnant water in the pond was covered with algae.
Das stagnierende Wasser im Teich war mit Algen bedeckt.
C1 noun /sɪˈnɪləti/

senility

Senilität
Meaning
The state of being old and showing the weaknesses of age, especially mental decline.
Example
His forgetfulness was attributed to senility.
Seine Vergesslichkeit wurde der Senilität zugeschrieben.
C1 verb /sɪˈkriːt/

secrete

sekretieren
Meaning
to produce and release a substance from a cell, gland, or organ
Example
The pancreas secretes insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Die Bauchspeicheldrüse sekretiert Insulin, um den Blutzuckerspiegel zu regulieren.
C1 adjective ˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

synchronous

synchron
Meaning
Existing or occurring at the same time.
Example
Synchronous learning involves live online classes.
Synchrones Lernen beinhaltet Live-Online-Kurse.
C1 adverb spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli

spontaneously

spontan
Meaning
In a spontaneous way; naturally and without planning or external cause.
Example
Children learn spontaneously through peer interactions.
Kinder lernen spontan durch Interaktionen mit Gleichaltrigen.
C1 noun /ˈsɛmbləns/

Semblance

Anschein; Ähnlichkeit
Meaning
the outward appearance or apparent form of something, especially when the reality is different
Example
There was only a semblance of order in the chaotic office.
Es gab nur einen Anschein von Ordnung im chaotischen Büro
C1 noun /ˈstætʃuːt/

statute

Gesetz
Meaning
A written law passed by a legislative body.
Example
The new statute protects workers' rights.
Das neue Gesetz schützt die Rechte der Arbeiter.
C1 verb /skɪmp/

skimp

geizen
Meaning
to use less of something than is necessary in order to save money or effort
Example
Don’t skimp on quality when buying a new laptop.
Spare nicht an der Qualität, wenn du einen neuen Laptop kaufst.
C1 noun /ˈsɪməli/

simile

Vergleich
Meaning
A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another using 'like' or 'as'.
Example
She used a simile to describe her eyes as bright as stars.
Sie benutzte einen Vergleich, um ihre Augen so hell wie Sterne zu beschreiben.
C1 verb ˈsɪŋ.krə.naɪz

synchronize

synchronisieren
Meaning
To coordinate in time; to cause to occur or operate at the same time or rate.
Example
The dancers need to synchronize their movements.
Die Tänzer müssen ihre Bewegungen synchronisieren.
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

Glück
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 noun /ˈsɪlk.wɜːrm/

Silk-worm

Seidenwurm
Meaning
the caterpillar of a moth that produces silk fibers used to make silk fabric
Example
Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves to produce silk.
Seidenwürmer fressen Maulbeerblätter, um Seide zu produzieren.
C1 verb /sleɪ/

slay

töten
Meaning
to kill violently; informally, to impress greatly
Example
The hero vowed to slay the dragon.
Der Held schwor, den Drachen zu töten.
C1 adjective /ˈsæv.i/

savvy

klug, geschickt
Meaning
Having practical knowledge and the ability to make good judgments.
Example
She is a tech-savvy entrepreneur.
Sie ist eine technikaffine Unternehmerin.
C1 adjective /ˈseɪlaɪn/

Saline

salzhaltig; salzwasserbezogen
Meaning
containing salt; salty; relating to salt water
Example
The saline solution is used for medical treatments.
Die salinische Lösung wird für medizinische Behandlungen verwendet.
C1 verb /ʃɪə/

shear

scheren
Meaning
to cut the wool off a sheep or to cut something with sharp tools like scissors or shears
Example
The farmer will shear the sheep in the spring.
Der Landwirt wird das Schaf im Frühling scheren.
C1 noun /ˈsiːskeɪp/

seascape

Meereslandschaft
Meaning
A view or painting of the sea.
Example
The artist painted a beautiful seascape at sunset.
Der Künstler malte eine schöne Meereslandschaft bei Sonnenuntergang.
C1 /splɪnt/

splint

Schiene
Meaning
A rigid device used to support and immobilize a broken or injured body part.
Example
The doctor applied a splint to stabilize the patient's broken arm.
Der Arzt legte eine Schiene an, um den gebrochenen Arm des Patienten zu stabilisieren.
C1 verb /ˈstæɡ.neɪt/

stagnate

stagnieren
Meaning
to stop developing, progressing, or moving
Example
Without innovation, the business will stagnate.
Ohne Innovation wird das Geschäft stagnieren.
C1 noun ˈsʌb.tɛkst

subtext

Subtext
Meaning
Hidden meaning or message behind spoken or written words
Example
The subtext of his speech suggested disagreement.
Der Subtext seiner Rede deutete auf Uneinigkeit hin.
C1 noun /ˌsɑːrdʒənt ˈmeɪdʒər/

sergeant-major

Sergeant-Major
Meaning
A senior non-commissioned officer in the army responsible for discipline and administration within a unit.
Example
The sergeant-major inspected the troops before the parade.
Der Sergeant-Major inspizierte die Truppen vor der Parade.
C1 noun ˌsteɪbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

stabilization

stabilisierung
Meaning
The process of making or becoming stable.
Example
The stabilization of the structure was essential after the earthquake.
Die Stabilisierung der Struktur war nach dem Erdbeben entscheidend.
C1 noun, adjective, verb /səˈbɔːrdənət/ (noun/adjective), /səˈbɔːrdəˌneɪt/ (verb)

subordinate

untergeordnet
Meaning
lower in rank or position; to treat as less important
Example
He manages ten subordinates in his department.
Er verwaltet zehn Untergebene in seiner Abteilung.
C1 noun /ʃæk/

Shack

Hütte
Meaning
a small, crudely built dwelling; a poorly constructed building
Example
The fisherman lived in a small shack near the beach.
Der Fischer lebte in einer kleinen Hütte in der Nähe des Strandes.
C1 noun ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk ˈseɪvɪŋz

systematic savings

systematische Ersparnisse
Meaning
A structured and organized approach to regularly saving money according to a planned schedule
Example
Systematic savings can mitigate financial crises in old age.
Systematische Ersparnisse können finanzielle Krisen im Alter mildern.
C1 noun /ˈsʌtlti/

subtlety

Subtilität
Meaning
The quality or state of being subtle.
Example
She understood the subtlety of the situation.
Sie verstand die Subtilität der Situation.
C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

verleimen
Meaning
to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together
Example
The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.
Der Techniker hat die beiden Drähte zusammengefügt, um die Verbindung wiederherzustellen.
C1 noun /ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/

sundown

Sonnenuntergang
Meaning
the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon
Example
We planned to reach the village before sundown.
Wir hatten geplant, das Dorf vor dem Sonnenuntergang zu erreichen.
C1 noun /ˈsɛvərəns/

severance

Abfindung
Meaning
the act of ending something, especially a relationship or employment; compensation paid upon termination
Example
The company offered him severance pay after his job ended.
Das Unternehmen bot ihm nach dem Ende seiner Anstellung eine Abfindung an.
C1 adjective /spɑːrs/

sparse

spärlich
Meaning
thinly scattered or distributed; not dense or abundant
Example
Vegetation was sparse in the desert.
Die Vegetation war spärlich in der Wüste.
C1 noun ˈsæŋktɪti

sanctity

Heiligkeit
Meaning
The state or quality of being holy, sacred, or saintly; ultimate importance.
Example
The sanctity of life should never be compromised.
Die Heiligkeit des Lebens darf niemals kompromittiert werden.
C1 noun /ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər/

Stationer

Papeterie
Meaning
a person who sells paper, pens, pencils, and other office supplies
Example
The stationer recommended the best pens for writing exams.
Der Stationär empfahl die besten Stifte für Prüfungen.
C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

schrumpfen
Meaning
To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.
Example
The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.
Die Blumen schrumpften unter der heißen Sonne.
C1 noun /ˈskwɒlər/

squalor

Elend
Meaning
the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially due to poverty or neglect
Example
They lived in squalor without basic facilities.
Sie lebten in Elend ohne grundlegende Einrichtungen.
C1 verb /snʌb/

snub

abfälliger Blick
Meaning
to insult or ignore someone by treating them rudely
Example
He felt hurt when his invitation was snubbed.
Er fühlte sich verletzt, als seine Einladung abgelehnt wurde.
C1 noun/verb /ˈslʌmbər/

slumber

Schlaf
Meaning
A state of sleep; to sleep lightly or rest.
Example
The child slumbered peacefully through the night.
Das Kind schlief die ganze Nacht friedlich.
C1 adjective /spəˈrædɪk/

sporadic

sporadisch
Meaning
Occurring irregularly or in scattered instances rather than continuously.
Example
The region experienced sporadic rain showers throughout the week.
Die Region erlebte sporadische Regenschauer während der ganzen Woche.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛreɪtɪd/

serrated

gezackt
Meaning
Having a notched or saw-toothed edge.
Example
The bread knife had a serrated blade.
Das Brotmesser hatte eine gezackte Klinge.
C1 verb /skʌlpt/

sculpt

Glück
Meaning
to create or shape something by carving or molding
Example
The artist sculpted a beautiful statue from marble.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 noun /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃənsi/

Self-sufficiency

Selbstgenügsamkeit
Meaning
the ability to supply one's own needs without external assistance; independence
Example
The farm achieved complete self-sufficiency in food production.
Der Bauernhof erreichte vollständige Selbstgenügsamkeit in der Lebensmittelproduktion.
C1 verb /ʃʌn/

Shun

vermeiden
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or stay away from someone or something
Example
He shuns public attention and prefers privacy.
Er meidet öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit und bevorzugt Privatsphäre.
C1 adjective /ˈsæk.rəˌsæŋkt/

sacrosanct

unantastbar
Meaning
Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with; sacred.
Example
Freedom of speech is considered sacrosanct in democratic societies.
Die Redefreiheit gilt in demokratischen Gesellschaften als unantastbar.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛptɪk/

septic

infiziert
Meaning
Infected with harmful bacteria; relating to or causing infection.
Example
The doctor treated the patient's septic wound immediately.
Der Arzt behandelte sofort die septische Wunde des Patienten.
C1 adjective /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/

symphonic

symphonisch
Meaning
relating to or having the character of a symphony or symphony orchestra
Example
The concert featured a symphonic masterpiece.
Das Konzert präsentierte ein symphonisches Meisterwerk.
C1 verb /ˈstɪp.jʊ.leɪt/

stipulate

festlegen
Meaning
to demand or specify a condition in an agreement or contract
Example
The contract stipulates that payment must be made within 30 days.
Der Vertrag stipuliert, dass die Zahlung innerhalb von 30 Tagen erfolgen muss.
C1 adjective /ˈstɒdʒi/

stodgy

schwerfällig, altmodisch
Meaning
Dull, uninspired, or old-fashioned; also heavy and hard to digest when referring to food.
Example
The lecture was so stodgy that many students struggled to stay awake.
Die Vorlesung war so schwerfällig, dass viele Studenten Schwierigkeiten hatten, wach zu bleiben.
C1 noun /ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/

shrinkage

Schrumpfung
Meaning
The process of becoming smaller in size, amount, or value.
Example
The company reported a shrinkage in profits this quarter.
Das Unternehmen meldete eine Schrumpfung der Gewinne in diesem Quartal.
C1 adjective səˈblaɪm

sublime

erhaben, großartig, majestätisch
Meaning
Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.
Example
The sublime beauty of the mountain landscape took my breath away.
Die erhabene Schönheit der Berglandschaft hat mir den Atem geraubt.