Seduction
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C1 noun /sɪˈdʌk.ʃən/

Seduction

Verführung; Versuchung
Meaning
the action of seducing someone; temptation to do something wrong
Example
He fell victim to the seduction of easy money.
Er fiel dem Verführer des schnellen Geldes zum Opfer.
C1 verb /siːð/

seethe

vor Wut brodeln
Meaning
To be filled with intense but unexpressed anger or agitation.
Example
She was seething with anger after the unfair decision.
Sie brodelte vor Wut nach der ungerechten Entscheidung.
C1 noun /siˈɛrə klʌb/

Sierra Club

Sierra Club
Meaning
An American environmental organization founded in 1892 by John Muir, focused on promoting conservation of the natural environment by influencing public policy decisions.
Example
John Muir founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to protect wild areas.
John Muir gründete den Sierra Club 1892, um wilde Gebiete zu schützen.
C1 adjective /səbˈmɪs.ɪv/

Submissive

unterwürfig; gehorsam; bescheiden
Meaning
ready to obey others; yielding to authority; humble and compliant
Example
She became submissive after years of harsh treatment.
Sie wurde unterwürfig nach Jahren harter Behandlung.
C1 noun /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃənsi/

Self-sufficiency

Selbstgenügsamkeit
Meaning
the ability to supply one's own needs without external assistance; independence
Example
The farm achieved complete self-sufficiency in food production.
Der Bauernhof erreichte vollständige Selbstgenügsamkeit in der Lebensmittelproduktion.
C1 noun /ˌsəʊʃəˈbɪləti/

sociability

Geselligkeit
Meaning
The quality or state of being sociable; friendliness.
Example
Her sociability made her popular in the office.
Ihre Geselligkeit machte sie im Büro beliebt.
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

supersede

ersetzen
Meaning
To replace or take the place of something because it is more modern or effective.
Example
This new law will supersede the old regulations.
Dieses neue Gesetz wird die alten Vorschriften ersetzen.
C1 verb /snɪər/

sneer

spöttisch lächeln
Meaning
to smile or speak in a mocking or contemptuous way
Example
She sneered at his attempt to sing.
Sie höhnte über seinen Versuch zu singen.
C1 adjective /ˈsek.j ə.l ər/

Secular

säkulär
Meaning
not connected with religious or spiritual matters; worldly
Example
The country maintains a secular government that separates religion from politics.
Das Land führt eine säkulare Regierung, die Religion von der Politik trennt.
C1 adjective /ˈstæɡ.nənt/

Stagnant

stagnierend; unbeweglich; ohne Entwicklung
Meaning
not moving or flowing; showing no activity or development
Example
The stagnant water in the pond was covered with algae.
Das stagnierende Wasser im Teich war mit Algen bedeckt.
C1 adjective /ˈspɛərɪŋ/

sparing

sparsam / maßvoll
Meaning
Using or giving only a little of something; economical.
Example
She is sparing in her use of words.
Sie ist sparsam im Gebrauch von Worten.
C1 verb /skɔːrtʃ/

scorch

verbrannt
Meaning
to burn the surface of something slightly
Example
The fire scorched the walls of the building.
Das Feuer verbrannte die Wände des Gebäudes.
C1 noun ˈsæŋktɪti

sanctity

Heiligkeit
Meaning
The state or quality of being holy, sacred, or saintly; ultimate importance.
Example
The sanctity of life should never be compromised.
Die Heiligkeit des Lebens darf niemals kompromittiert werden.
C1 adjective ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl

subliminal

unterhalb der Schwelle des Bewusstseins existierend oder wirkend, vom Geist einer Person wahrgenommen oder beeinflussend, ohne dass sie sich dessen bewusst ist
Meaning
Existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.
Example
Advertisements often have subliminal messages.
Werbung enthält oft subliminale Botschaften.
C1 noun /ˈsɔːl.tɪd fɪʃ/

Salted fish

gesalzener Fisch
Meaning
fish preserved with salt; dried and salted fish for storage
Example
Salted fish is a traditional way to preserve seafood.
Gesalzener Fisch ist eine traditionelle Methode, um Meeresfrüchte haltbar zu machen.
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

satirisch
Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
Der satirische Cartoon verspottete die neue Regierungspolitik.
C1 noun /suˈpriː.mə.si/

Supremacy

Überlegenheit; höchste Autorität oder Macht
Meaning
the state of being supreme; highest authority or power
Example
The country established naval supremacy in the region.
Das Land etablierte die maritime Überlegenheit in der Region.
C1 noun /sɪˈsɛʃən/

secession

Sezession
Meaning
The action of formally withdrawing from membership of a federation or body.
Example
The secession of the southern states led to the Civil War.
Die Sezession der Südstaaten führte zum Bürgerkrieg.
C1 adjective /seɪdʒ/

Sage

weise; erfahren; klug; mit gutem urteil
Meaning
wise; showing wisdom from experience; prudent; having good judgment
Example
The sage advice from the elder helped solve the problem.
Der weise Rat des älteren Mannes half, das Problem zu lösen.
C1 noun /spɛk/

speck

Fleck
Meaning
A very small spot, mark, or particle.
Example
There was a tiny speck of dust on the glass table.
Es war ein kleiner Fleck Staub auf dem Glastisch.
C1 verb /ˈsætəˌraɪz/

satirize

satirisieren
Meaning
to mock or criticize something using satire
Example
The play satirizes the greed of modern corporations.
Das Stück satirisiert die Gier moderner Unternehmen.
C1 adjective /ˈʃɑːdi/

shoddy

schlecht gemacht
Meaning
badly made or done; of poor quality
Example
The contractor did a shoddy job on the repairs.
Der Auftragnehmer hat bei den Reparaturen einen schlechten Job gemacht.
C1 verb /ˈstæmər/

stammer

stottern
Meaning
To speak with sudden involuntary pauses and a tendency to repeat the initial letters of words.
Example
The nervous student began to stammer during his speech.
Der nervöse Student begann während seiner Rede zu stottern.
C1 adjective /sɪmˈplɪstɪk/

simplistic

übermäßig vereinfacht
Meaning
treating complex issues as if they were much simpler than they really are
Example
His explanation was too simplistic and ignored key details.
Seine Erklärung war zu vereinfacht und ignorierte wichtige Details.
C1 adjective /spɑːrs/

sparse

spärlich
Meaning
thinly scattered or distributed; not dense or abundant
Example
Vegetation was sparse in the desert.
Die Vegetation war spärlich in der Wüste.
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

gespenstisch
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
Das alte Herrenhaus hatte nachts eine gespenstische Atmosphäre.
C1 verb /skʌf/

scuff

abkratzen
Meaning
to mark or scratch the surface of something by rubbing
Example
He scuffed his shoes on the pavement.
Er hat seine Schuhe auf dem Bürgersteig abgewetzt.
C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

kämpferisch / chaotisch
Meaning
Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.
Example
Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.
Trotz seiner kleinen Größe war er ein kämpferischer Kämpfer.
C1 adjective ˈskruː.pjʊ.ləs

scrupulous

gewissenhaft
Meaning
Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details; having moral integrity; acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper.
Example
He is known for being scrupulous in his work.
Er ist dafür bekannt, in seiner Arbeit gewissenhaft zu sein.
C1 noun /səˈbraɪəti/

sobriety

Nüchternheit
Meaning
the state of being sober; self-restraint and seriousness
Example
He has maintained his sobriety for five years.
Er hat seine Nüchternheit fünf Jahre lang aufrechterhalten.
C1 noun /ˈstɛnsəl/

stencil

Schablone
Meaning
A thin sheet of material with a design cut out, used to produce the design on the surface below by applying paint or ink through the cut-out holes.
Example
The artist used a stencil to paint identical stars on the wall.
Der Künstler benutzte eine Schablone, um identische Sterne an die Wand zu malen.
C1 noun /ˈstætʃuːt/

statute

Gesetz
Meaning
A written law passed by a legislative body.
Example
The new statute protects workers' rights.
Das neue Gesetz schützt die Rechte der Arbeiter.
C1 adjective /ˌsæŋktɪˈmoʊniəs/

sanctimonious

heuchlerisch fromm
Meaning
Making a show of being morally superior to others; hypocritically pious.
Example
He gave a sanctimonious speech about honesty while he himself was corrupt.
Er hielt eine heuchlerische Rede über Ehrlichkeit, während er selbst korrupt war.
C1 verb /ʃɜːrk/

shirk

vermeiden
Meaning
to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility
Example
He always tries to shirk his responsibilities at work.
Er versucht immer, seine Verantwortung bei der Arbeit zu vermeiden.
C1 noun /stɛlθ/

stealth

Heimlichkeit, unauffällig bewegen
Meaning
The act of moving, doing, or achieving something quietly and secretly.
Example
The cat moved with stealth towards its prey.
Die Katze bewegte sich heimlich in Richtung ihrer Beute.
C1 noun /saɪð/

scythe

Sichel
Meaning
A tool with a long curved blade used for cutting grass or grain.
Example
The farmer sharpened his scythe before harvesting the wheat.
Der Bauer schärfte seine Sichel, bevor er den Weizen erntete.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəl/

sensual

sinnlich
Meaning
Relating to or involving gratification of the senses and physical pleasure.
Example
The painting had a sensual quality that captivated viewers.
Das Gemälde hatte eine sinnliche Qualität, die die Zuschauer fesselte.
C1 verb /səˈlɪdəˌfaɪ/

solidify

festigen
Meaning
To make something firm, strong, or more certain.
Example
The company solidified its position in the market.
Das Unternehmen hat seine Position auf dem Markt gefestigt.
C1 verb /smɛlt/

smelt

schmelzen
Meaning
to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting
Example
The workers smelt iron from its ore in the factory.
Die Arbeiter schmelzen Eisen aus seinem Erz in der Fabrik.
C1 adjective /ˈsɒmbər/

somber

düster
Meaning
Dark or dull in color or tone; gloomy or serious.
Example
The funeral had a somber atmosphere.
Die Beerdigung hatte eine düstere Atmosphäre.
C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/

stifled

unterdrücken
Meaning
to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening
Example
He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.
Er unterdrückte ein Lachen während des ernsten Treffens.
C1 adjective /smʌɡ/

smug

eingebildet
Meaning
having or showing an excessive pride in oneself or one's achievements
Example
He wore a smug smile after winning the debate.
Er trug ein eingebildetes Lächeln, nachdem er die Debatte gewonnen hatte.
C1 noun/verb /smʌdʒ/

smudge

Fleck, Schmutzmarke
Meaning
a dirty mark or smear; to make something dirty or unclear by rubbing or touching
Example
She accidentally smudged her lipstick on the napkin.
Sie hat versehentlich ihren Lippenstift auf der Serviette verschmiert.
C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

soziopolitisch
Meaning
Combining social and political factors.
Example
Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.
Soziopolitische Faktoren beeinflussen oft öffentliche politische Entscheidungen.
C1 adjective /ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs/

sacrilegious

sakrilegisch
Meaning
Showing disrespect or irreverence toward something sacred.
Example
The painting was criticized as being sacrilegious.
Das Gemälde wurde als sakrilegisch kritisiert.
C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

verspotten
Meaning
to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way
Example
He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.
Er lachte die Idee aus, ins Ausland zu ziehen.
C1 noun /ˈʃʊɡ.ər ˈkæn.di/

Sugar candy

Zuckerbonbon
Meaning
crystallized sugar formed into small pieces; rock candy made from sugar syrup
Example
The children enjoyed eating colorful sugar candy at the festival.
Die Kinder genossen es, bunte Zuckerbonbons beim Festival zu essen.
C1 noun /sʌˈmeɪʃən/

summation

Summe, Zusammenfassung
Meaning
The process of adding things together; a summary of points.
Example
The lawyer gave a powerful summation of the case.
Der Anwalt gab eine kraftvolle Zusammenfassung des Falls.
C1 verb /səbˈsaɪd/

subside

sinken
Meaning
to become less intense, violent, or severe; to sink or fall to a lower level
Example
After the storm, the floodwaters began to subside.
Nach dem Sturm begannen die Überschwemmungswässer zu sinken.
C1 adjective ˌsɪn.əˈdʒɪs.tɪk

synergistic

synergetisch
Meaning
Relating to the interaction of elements that when combined produce a greater effect than the sum of their individual effects.
Example
A synergistic effect occurs when nutrients work together.
Ein synergetischer Effekt tritt auf, wenn Nährstoffe zusammenarbeiten.
C1 noun /ˈsɪndɪkət/

syndicate

Syndikat
Meaning
A group of individuals or organizations combined to promote a common interest or carry out a business venture.
Example
A syndicate of investors bought the struggling company.
Ein Syndikat von Investoren kaufte das strauchelnde Unternehmen.
C1 verb /ˈswɛltər/

swelter

unter intensiver Hitze leiden
Meaning
to suffer from intense heat
Example
We began to swelter in the midday sun.
Wir begannen, in der Mittagshitze zu schwitzen.
C1 adjective /ˈstrætɪfaɪd/

stratified

geschichtet
Meaning
arranged or classified in layers or strata
Example
Society in the past was highly stratified based on class and wealth.
Damals war die Gesellschaft stark geschichtet, basierend auf Klasse und Wohlstand.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən/

sensitization

Sensibilisierung
Meaning
The process of becoming sensitive to a substance, situation, or influence.
Example
The doctor warned about the sensitization caused by repeated exposure to chemicals.
Der Arzt warnte vor der Sensibilisierung, die durch wiederholte Exposition gegenüber Chemikalien verursacht wurde.
C1 noun ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk ˈstræt.ə.dʒi

systematic strategy

systematische Strategie
Meaning
A methodical and organized plan or approach to achieve specific objectives.
Example
A systematic strategy was employed to achieve objectives.
Eine systematische Strategie wurde angewendet, um Ziele zu erreichen.
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

stilettos / Dolch
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
Sie trug elegante Stiletto-Absätze zur Party.
C1 verb/noun /ˈsɒldər/

solder

löten
Meaning
To join metal parts together by melting and putting a filler metal into the joint
Example
He soldered the broken wires back together.
Er hat die kaputten Drähte wieder zusammen gelötet.
C1 noun /ˈsɛvərəns/

severance

Abfindung
Meaning
the act of ending something, especially a relationship or employment; compensation paid upon termination
Example
The company offered him severance pay after his job ended.
Das Unternehmen bot ihm nach dem Ende seiner Anstellung eine Abfindung an.
C1 noun /ˈsæf.aɪər/

Saphire

saphir
Meaning
a precious stone that is typically blue in color
Example
The royal crown was adorned with a large sapphire.
Die königliche Krone war mit einem großen Saphir geschmückt.
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

suizidal
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
Das rücksichtslose Fahren war selbstmörderisches Verhalten.
C1 noun /speɪt/

spate

Welle
Meaning
a large number of things occurring in quick succession
Example
There has been a spate of robberies in the city.
Es gab eine Welle von Diebstählen in der Stadt.
C1 verb /ˈsmʌðər/

smother

ersticken / ersticken
Meaning
to kill someone by covering their nose and mouth to prevent breathing; to cover something completely; to overwhelm with excessive attention or affection
Example
She smothered the fire with a blanket.
Sie erstickte das Feuer mit einer Decke.
C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

Sündenbock
Meaning
a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others
Example
He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.
Er wurde zum Sündenbock für die schlechte Leistung des Teams.
C1 verb /struː/

strew

verstreuen
Meaning
to scatter or spread things untidily over a surface or area
Example
Clothes were strewn across the floor.
Die Kleider lagen verstreut auf dem Boden.
C1 adjective /ˈseɪlaɪn/

Saline

salzhaltig; salzwasserbezogen
Meaning
containing salt; salty; relating to salt water
Example
The saline solution is used for medical treatments.
Die salinische Lösung wird für medizinische Behandlungen verwendet.
C1 verb /ˈsætʃəˌreɪt/

saturate

sättigen
Meaning
to fill completely with something until no more can be absorbed
Example
The heavy rain saturated the ground within minutes.
Der starke Regen hat den Boden in Minuten gesättigt.
C1 noun /ˈskrɪmɪdʒ/

scrimmage

Trainingsspiel
Meaning
A practice game or informal match, often in sports, especially football.
Example
The team had a scrimmage before the official season started.
Das Team hatte ein Trainingsspiel, bevor die offizielle Saison begann.
C1 verb /ˈʃɪmər/

shimmer

schimmern
Meaning
To shine with a soft, wavering light.
Example
The lake shimmered under the moonlight.
Der See schimmerte im Mondlicht.
C1 noun /ʃæk/

Shack

Hütte
Meaning
a small, crudely built dwelling; a poorly constructed building
Example
The fisherman lived in a small shack near the beach.
Der Fischer lebte in einer kleinen Hütte in der Nähe des Strandes.
C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

Schiefer
Meaning
a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers
Example
The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.
Die Region ist reich an Schiefer und natürlichen Gasvorkommen.
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

Glück
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

keimen
Meaning
to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots
Example
The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.
Die Samen begannen nach ein paar Tagen Regen zu sprießen.
C1 noun /səbˈmɪtəl/

submittal

einreichung
Meaning
the act of submitting something, especially a document for consideration or approval
Example
The contractor sent the submittal to the client for approval.
Der Auftragnehmer schickte die Einreichung zur Genehmigung an den Kunden.
C1 verb /ˈsɛvər/

sever

abschneiden, Beziehungen beenden
Meaning
to cut off or separate, especially by cutting; to end a connection or relationship
Example
He had to sever ties with the company after the dispute.
Er musste nach dem Streit die Verbindung zur Firma trennen.
C1 adjective /səˈriːn/

serene

ruhig und friedlich
Meaning
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Example
The lake had a serene and peaceful atmosphere.
Der See hatte eine serene und friedliche Atmosphäre.
C1 noun /ˈsɔː.dʌst/

sawdust

Sägemehl
Meaning
The tiny particles of wood produced by sawing or sanding.
Example
The floor was covered with sawdust from the carpentry work.
Der Boden war mit Sägemehl vom Tischlerarbeiten bedeckt.
C1 noun /ˈsɑːri/

Saree

Sari
Meaning
a garment consisting of a length of cotton or silk elaborately draped around the body, traditionally worn by women from South Asia
Example
She looked elegant in her red silk saree at the festival.
Sie sah elegant aus in ihrem roten Seiden-Sari beim Festival.
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

falle
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
Der Jäger stellte eine Falle auf, um Kaninchen zu fangen.
C1 verb /ˈsmoʊldər/

smolder

schmoren
Meaning
to burn slowly with smoke but no flame; to show suppressed anger or emotion
Example
The fire smoldered for hours before it went out.
Das Feuer schmorte stundenlang, bevor es erlosch.
C1 noun /ˈsɒlstɪs/

solstice

Sonnenwende
Meaning
the two times in the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator (summer and winter solstice)
Example
People celebrate the summer solstice with festivals and rituals.
Menschen feiern die Sommersonnenwende mit Festivals und Ritualen.
C1 adjective /ˈspraɪtli/

sprightly

lebendig
Meaning
full of energy and life; lively
Example
The sprightly old man danced with joy at the wedding.
Der lebendige alte Mann tanzte mit Freude auf der Hochzeit.
C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

Stipendium
Meaning
a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance
Example
The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.
Der Forschungsstudent erhält ein monatliches Stipendium für Lebenshaltungskosten.
C1 adjective /ˈsɪnləs/

Sinless

sündlos; unschuldig; rein
Meaning
free from sin; pure and innocent; without moral fault
Example
The innocent child appeared sinless in her pure white dress.
Das unschuldige Kind erschien sündlos in ihrem reinen weißen Kleid.
C1 verb ˈsɪn.ɚ.dʒaɪz

synergize

synergetisch zusammenarbeiten, um die Effektivität zu steigern.
Meaning
combine in such a way as to enhance effectiveness.
Example
The departments must synergize to improve efficiency.
Die Abteilungen müssen synergisieren, um die Effizienz zu verbessern.
C1 noun /ˈsɒnɪt/

sonnet

Sonett
Meaning
A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.
Shakespeare schrieb viele berühmte Sonette über Liebe und Schönheit.
C1 noun /ˈstrɑːtəm/

stratum

Schicht
Meaning
a layer or level of material, or a social class in society
Example
The upper stratum of society enjoyed privileges not available to others.
Die obere Schicht der Gesellschaft genoss Privilegien, die anderen nicht zur Verfügung standen.
C1 noun /sɪˈkluːʒən/

seclusion

Abgeschiedenheit
Meaning
The state of being private, away from other people.
Example
She spent the weekend in complete seclusion in her cabin.
Sie verbrachte das Wochenende in völliger Abgeschiedenheit in ihrer Hütte.
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

ablenken
Meaning
To distract from the main subject or activity.
Example
She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.
Sie wurde von einem unerwarteten Anruf abgelenkt.
C1 verb, adjective, noun /spruːs/

spruce

aufräumen / ein Baumtyp
Meaning
to make neat or tidy in appearance; also refers to an evergreen tree
Example
He spruced up his room before the guests arrived.
Er hat sein Zimmer aufgeräumt, bevor die Gäste kamen.
C1 verb /səbˈsɪst/

subsist

subsistieren
Meaning
To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.
Example
Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming.
Viele Dorfbewohner leben noch von Fischerei und Landwirtschaft.
C1 adjective /ˈsɒljʊbəl/

soluble

löslich
Meaning
able to be dissolved, especially in water
Example
Sugar is soluble in water.
Zucker ist in Wasser löslich.
C1 adjective səˈblaɪm

sublime

erhaben, großartig, majestätisch
Meaning
Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.
Example
The sublime beauty of the mountain landscape took my breath away.
Die erhabene Schönheit der Berglandschaft hat mir den Atem geraubt.
C1 noun /ʃɑːrd/

shard

Scherbe
Meaning
a broken piece of glass, metal, or pottery
Example
He cut his finger on a shard of glass.
Er schnitt sich den Finger an einer Glasscherbe.
C1 adjective /ˈspɑːrtn/

spartan

spartianisch
Meaning
showing simplicity and lack of luxury; austere
Example
He lived in a spartan room with just a bed and a chair.
Er lebte in einem spartanischen Zimmer mit nur einem Bett und einem Stuhl.
C1 noun /ˈsɛntɪnəl/

sentinel

Wächter
Meaning
A soldier or guard whose job is to stand and keep watch.
Example
A sentinel stood at the entrance of the camp.
Ein Wächter stand am Eingang des Lagers.
C1 adjective /ˈskænti/

Scanty

klein in Größe oder Menge; unzureichend; kaum ausreichend
Meaning
small in size or amount; insufficient; barely adequate
Example
The refugee camp had scanty food supplies.
Das Flüchtlingslager hatte spärliche Lebensmittelvorräte.
C1 adjective /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/

sanguine

optimistisch
Meaning
Optimistic or positive, especially in a difficult situation.
Example
Despite the challenges, she remained sanguine about the future.
Trotz der Herausforderungen blieb sie optimistisch in Bezug auf die Zukunft.
C1 noun /ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/

supposition

Annahme
Meaning
An assumption or belief that something is true without certain proof.
Example
His plan was based on the supposition that the market would recover quickly.
Sein Plan basierte auf der Annahme, dass sich der Markt schnell erholen würde.
C1 noun ˈsʌs.tɪ.nəns

Sustenance

Nahrung oder Unterstützung
Meaning
Food or support necessary for sustaining life
Example
Water is essential for human sustenance.
Wasser ist für das menschliche Überleben unerlässlich.
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.vər.i/

savory

würzig (salzig oder scharf)
Meaning
Having a pleasant salty or spicy taste; morally acceptable.
Example
The restaurant serves a variety of savory dishes.
Das Restaurant serviert eine Vielzahl von würzigen Gerichten.
C1 noun /slæb/

slab

platte
Meaning
a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, or other hard material
Example
The workers laid a concrete slab for the foundation.
Die Arbeiter legten eine Betonplatte für das Fundament.
C1 noun ˈsɪnədʒi

synergy

Synergie, Zusammenarbeit
Meaning
The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.
Example
The synergy between the two companies led to a successful partnership.
Die Synergie zwischen den beiden Unternehmen führte zu einer erfolgreichen Partnerschaft.
C1 noun/verb /stæmˈpiːd/

stampede

Panikstampede
Meaning
A sudden, uncontrolled rush of people or animals; to cause a mass movement.
Example
The loud noise caused a stampede of the crowd.
Das laute Geräusch verursachte eine Stampede in der Menge.
C1 verb /sʌlk/

sulk

schmollen
Meaning
to be silent and bad-tempered because you are angry or disappointed
Example
She sulked in her room after the argument.
Sie schmollte nach dem Streit in ihrem Zimmer.
C1 noun /ˌsæl.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən/

Salutation

Gruß; Ausdruck von Wohlwollen
Meaning
a greeting; an expression of goodwill
Example
The letter began with a formal salutation.
Der Brief begann mit einem formellen Gruß.
C1 adjective /səbˈsɪd.i.ər.i/

Subsidiary

subsidiär; sekundär; bezogen auf ein Tochterunternehmen
Meaning
less important than the main thing; secondary; of or relating to a subsidiary company
Example
The subsidiary company handles all overseas operations.
Das Tochterunternehmen führt alle Auslandstätigkeiten durch.
C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

schrumpfen
Meaning
To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.
Example
The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.
Die Blumen schrumpften unter der heißen Sonne.
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

saugen
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
Das Baby saugt an einem Schnuller.
C1 verb /ˈskʌt.əl/

scuttle

Glück
Meaning
To run hurriedly with short, quick steps; or to deliberately sink a ship.
Example
The children scuttled back to their seats when the teacher entered.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 noun /ˈʃæmbəlz/

shambles

Totaler Chaos
Meaning
a state of complete disorder or ruin
Example
After the storm, the whole town was in shambles.
Nach dem Sturm war die ganze Stadt in totalem Chaos.
C1 noun, verb /spreɪn/

sprain

verstauchung
Meaning
an injury to a joint in which the ligaments are stretched or torn
Example
She sprained her ankle while running in the park.
Sie verdrehte ihren Knöchel, während sie im Park lief.
C1 adjective /ʃrɪl/

shrill

hoher Klang
Meaning
High-pitched and piercing in sound.
Example
The shrill whistle startled everyone in the room.
Das schrille Pfeifen erschreckte alle im Raum.
C1 noun /ˈskruːpəl/

scruple

Scrupel
Meaning
A moral or ethical consideration that restrains actions.
Example
He had no scruples about lying to get ahead.
Er hatte keine Scrupel, um zu lügen, um voranzukommen.
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

billig, niederträchtig oder von schlechter Qualität
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
Er vermied den schäbigen Nachtclub in der Innenstadt.
C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

Zuchthengst
Meaning
An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.
Example
The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.
Der Bauernhof besitzt ein kräftiges Hengst für Zuchtzwecke.
C1 adjective /ˈskɪtɪʃ/

skittish

nervös
Meaning
easily frightened or nervous; unpredictable
Example
The horse was too skittish to ride.
Das Pferd war zu nervös zum Reiten.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrəɡət/

surrogate

Surrogat
Meaning
A substitute, especially a person deputizing for another in a specific role or office.
Example
The surrogate mother gave birth to the child after carrying it for nine months.
Die Leihmutter brachte das Kind nach neun Monaten zur Welt, nachdem sie es neun Monate lang getragen hatte.
C1 noun /ˈskwɒtər/

squatter

Hausbesetzer
Meaning
a person who unlawfully occupies an uninhabited building or unused land
Example
The police removed the squatters from the abandoned house.
Die Polizei entfernte die Hausbesetzer aus dem verlassenen Haus.
C1 adjective /swɑːv/

suave

charmant und elegant
Meaning
charming, confident, and elegant, often in a smooth or polished way
Example
He was a suave gentleman who impressed everyone at the party.
Er war ein eleganter Gentleman, der alle auf der Party beeindruckte.
C1 noun /ˌstætʃuˈɛt/

statuette

kleine Statue
Meaning
A small statue, usually decorative or artistic.
Example
The artist won a gold statuette for his work.
Der Künstler gewann eine goldene kleine Statue für seine Arbeit.
C1 verb /skwiːl/

squeal

schreien
Meaning
to make a high-pitched cry; to inform on someone
Example
The children squealed with delight when they saw the surprise.
Die Kinder schrien vor Freude, als sie die Überraschung sahen.