rhetorical
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C1 adjective /rɪˈtɔːrɪkəl/

rhetorical

rhetorisch
Meaning
relating to the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing; often a question asked to make a point rather than get an answer
Example
He asked a rhetorical question during the debate.
Er stellte während der Debatte eine rhetorische Frage.
C1 noun /rɪˈfaɪnəri/

refinery

Raffinerie
Meaning
an industrial facility where raw materials are processed and purified
Example
The oil refinery processes thousands of barrels daily.
Die Ölraffinerie verarbeitet täglich Tausende von Fässern.
C1 verb /rɪˈklaɪn/

recline

sich zurücklehnen
Meaning
To lean or lie back in a relaxed position.
Example
She reclined on the sofa with a book.
Sie lehnte sich auf dem Sofa mit einem Buch zurück.
C1 verb /rɪˈprɛs/

repress

unterdrücken
Meaning
To restrain, suppress, or keep under control, especially emotions or desires.
Example
He tried to repress his anger during the meeting.
Er versuchte, seinen Ärger während des Treffens zu unterdrücken.
C1 noun /rɪˈpraɪ.zəl/

Reprisal

Vergeltung
Meaning
an act of retaliation; revenge taken for an injury or wrong
Example
The attack was carried out as a reprisal for the earlier bombing.
Der Angriff wurde als Vergeltung für den früheren Bombenanschlag durchgeführt.
C1 adjective /rɪˈvoʊltɪŋ/

revolting

widerlich
Meaning
extremely unpleasant or disgusting
Example
The smell of the garbage was revolting.
Der Geruch des Mülls war widerlich.
C1 verb /rɪˈvoʊk/

revoke

widerrufen
Meaning
To officially cancel or withdraw a decision, privilege, or right.
Example
The government decided to revoke his passport.
Die Regierung entschied, seinen Reisepass zu widerrufen.
C1 noun /rɪˈkluːs/

recluse

Eremit
Meaning
A person who lives alone and avoids other people; someone who lives a solitary life.
Example
The old man lived as a recluse in the mountains.
Der alte Mann lebte als Eremit in den Bergen.
C1 noun ˌriːˈstrʌk.tʃər.ɪŋ

restructuring

Reorganisation
Meaning
The action of organizing something differently.
Example
The company underwent restructuring to improve efficiency.
Das Unternehmen durchlief eine Reorganisation, um die Effizienz zu verbessern.
C1 adjective /ˈræmʃækəl/

ramshackle

baufällig
Meaning
poorly built or maintained; in a state of disrepair
Example
They lived in a ramshackle old house on the edge of town.
Sie lebten in einem baufälligen alten Haus am Rande der Stadt.
C1 adjective /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/

reminiscent

erinnerungsvoll
Meaning
Tending to remind one of something; suggestive of something in the past.
Example
The smell of rain is reminiscent of my childhood in the village.
Der Geruch von Regen erinnert mich an meine Kindheit im Dorf.
C1 verb /rɪˈvɪər/

revere

verehren
Meaning
To deeply respect or admire someone or something.
Example
The students revered their teacher for his wisdom.
Die Studenten verehrten ihren Lehrer für seine Weisheit.
C1 verb /ˈrævɪdʒ/

ravage

verwüsten
Meaning
to cause severe and extensive damage or destruction
Example
The hurricane ravaged the coastal villages.
Der Hurrikan hat die Küstendörfer verwüstet.
C1 noun /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i ˈbreɪk.θruː/

revolutionary breakthrough

revolutionäre Entdeckung
Meaning
A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development that changes everything.
Example
Robotic surgery is a revolutionary breakthrough in healthcare.
Robotische Chirurgie ist eine revolutionäre Entdeckung im Gesundheitswesen.
C1 noun ˈremnənts

remnants

Überbleibsel
Meaning
A small remaining quantity of something; a surviving trace.
Example
The remnants of the wall are still visible.
Die Überbleibsel der Wand sind immer noch sichtbar.
C1 noun /rɪˈflɛktər/

reflector

Reflektor
Meaning
A surface or device that reflects light, heat, or sound, often used to direct beams or improve visibility.
Example
The cyclist attached a red reflector to the back of his bike for safety.
Der Radfahrer befestigte einen roten Reflektor an der Rückseite seines Fahrrads zur Sicherheit.
C1 noun /rɪˈvɒl.vər/

Revolver

Revolver
Meaning
a pistol with revolving chambers enabling several shots to be fired without reloading
Example
The detective drew his revolver from its holster.
Der Detektiv zog seinen Revolver aus dem Holster.
C1 verb /riːˈfɜːrbɪʃ/

refurbish

renovieren
Meaning
To renovate or redecorate something, especially a building.
Example
The company decided to refurbish its old office.
Das Unternehmen beschloss, sein altes Büro zu renovieren.
C1 noun /rəʊˈbɒt.ɪk ˈsɜː.dʒər.i/

robotic surgery

robotische chirurgie
Meaning
Surgery performed with the assistance of robotic systems to enhance precision and reduce invasiveness.
Example
Robotic surgery enhances precision in complex procedures.
Robotische Chirurgie verbessert die Präzision bei komplexen Verfahren.
C1 noun /ˈruː.bi/

Ruby

Rubin
Meaning
a precious red gemstone; a deep red variety of corundum
Example
The ruby ring was her most treasured possession.
Der Rubinring war ihr kostbarster Besitz.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈmɒdəl/

remodel

umbauen
Meaning
To change the structure or form of something, especially a building.
Example
They decided to remodel their kitchen last summer.
Sie beschlossen, ihre Küche letzten Sommer umzubauen.
C1 verb /ˌriːɪnˈsteɪt/

reinstate

wieder einstellen
Meaning
To restore someone or something to their former position or condition.
Example
The company decided to reinstate the suspended employee.
Das Unternehmen entschied sich, den suspendierten Mitarbeiter wieder einzustellen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/

Reversible

wendbar
Meaning
able to be turned the other way around; able to be undone or changed back
Example
This jacket is reversible and can be worn on both sides.
Diese Jacke ist wendbar und kann auf beiden Seiten getragen werden.
C1 verb /ˈrʌm.ɪdʒ/

rummage

störend durchsuchen
Meaning
to search through something in a disorderly way
Example
He rummaged through the drawer for his keys.
Er hat in der Schublade nach seinen Schlüsseln gewühlt.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpoʊz/

repose

Ruhe
Meaning
a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility; to rest or lie in a peaceful position
Example
After the long journey, she sought repose in the quiet garden.
Nach der langen Reise suchte sie Ruhe im ruhigen Garten.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈsiːt/

reseat

neu setzen
Meaning
to seat someone again or to fit something back into its place
Example
The usher had to reseat the guests after the interruption.
Der Platzanweiser musste die Gäste nach der Unterbrechung erneut setzen.
C1 noun ˈrɛp.ə.twɑːr

repertoire

Repertoire
Meaning
A stock of plays, dances, or pieces that a company or a performer knows or is prepared to perform.
Example
The actor's repertoire includes both comedy and drama.
Das Repertoire des Schauspielers umfasst sowohl Comedy als auch Drama.
C1 noun /ˈrʌp.tʃər/

Rupture

Ruptur; Zusammenbruch der Beziehungen
Meaning
breaking or bursting apart; breakdown of relations
Example
The rupture in the pipeline caused a massive oil spill.
Die Ruptur in der Pipeline verursachte eine massive Ölverschmutzung.
C1 adjective, noun /rɪˈsiːvəbl/

receivable

einforderbar
Meaning
Money that is owed to a company and is expected to be paid.
Example
The company's receivables increased significantly this quarter.
Die Forderungen des Unternehmens stiegen in diesem Quartal erheblich.
C1 adjective /ˈrɪkɪti/

rickety

wackelig
Meaning
Poorly made and likely to collapse; shaky.
Example
They crossed a rickety wooden bridge over the river.
Sie überquerten eine wackelige Holzbrücke über den Fluss.
C1 noun /ˈriːbeɪt/

rebate

Rabatt/Rückerstattung
Meaning
a partial refund given to someone who has paid too much money for something
Example
The store offered a rebate on bulk purchases.
Der Laden bot einen Rabatt bei Großkäufen an.
C1 verb /ˌriːhəˈbɪlɪteɪt/

rehabilitate

rehabilitieren
Meaning
to restore someone to health, normal life, or a good condition after illness, injury, or imprisonment
Example
The clinic helps rehabilitate injured athletes.
Die Klinik hilft, verletzte Athleten zu rehabilitieren.
C1 verb ˈrɛk.tɪ.faɪ

rectify

korrigieren
Meaning
To correct mistakes or make something right.
Example
The company took steps to rectify its financial mistakes.
Das Unternehmen ergriff Maßnahmen, um seine finanziellen Fehler zu beheben.
C1 verb /rɪˈpiːl/

repeal

aufheben
Meaning
To officially cancel or revoke a law or decision.
Example
The government decided to repeal the outdated law.
Die Regierung entschied sich, das veraltete Gesetz aufzuheben.
C1 noun /ˌrɛstɪˈtjuːʃən/

restitution

Wiedergutmachung
Meaning
The act of restoring something to its rightful owner or compensating for loss
Example
The court ordered restitution to the victims of the fraud.
Das Gericht ordnete die Wiedergutmachung für die Opfer des Betrugs an.
C1 verb /riˈɪtəreɪt/

reiterate

wiederholen
Meaning
To say something again or repeatedly for emphasis or clarity.
Example
The teacher reiterated the importance of honesty.
Der Lehrer wiederholte die Bedeutung von Ehrlichkeit.
C1 noun /ˈruːdɪmənt/

rudiment

Grundlagen
Meaning
A basic principle, element, or fundamental part of something.
Example
He learned the rudiments of music before joining the band.
Er lernte die rudimentären Grundlagen der Musik, bevor er der Band beitrat.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛzənənt/

resonant

resonant
Meaning
Deep, clear, and continuing to sound or echo.
Example
The resonant voice of the speaker filled the hall.
Die resonante Stimme des Sprechers erfüllte den Saal.
C1 adjective /ræpt/

Rapt

versunken
Meaning
completely fascinated or absorbed by what one is seeing or hearing
Example
The children listened with rapt attention to the storyteller.
Die Kinder hörten dem Geschichtenerzähler mit versunkener Aufmerksamkeit zu.
C1 noun /rɪˈpreʃən/

Repression

Unterdrückung
Meaning
the action of subduing someone or something by force; the restraint, prevention, or inhibition of a feeling, impulse, etc.
Example
The government's repression of free speech sparked widespread protests.
Die Repression der freien Meinungsäußerung durch die Regierung löste weit verbreitete Proteste aus.
C1 noun /ˈrɛnɪˌɡeɪd/

renegade

Renegat
Meaning
a person who deserts or betrays an organization, country, or principles
Example
He was labeled a renegade after leaving the party and criticizing its policies.
Er wurde nach dem Verlassen der Partei und der Kritik an deren Politik als Renegat bezeichnet.
C1 verb /ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/

ridicule

verspotten
Meaning
To make fun of someone or something in a cruel or dismissive way.
Example
He was ridiculed for his strange ideas.
Er wurde für seine seltsamen Ideen verspottet.
C1 adjective /riˈækʃəˌneri/

reactionary

reaktionär
Meaning
Opposing political or social progress or reform; extremely conservative.
Example
The group took a reactionary stance against the new policies.
Die Gruppe nahm eine reaktionäre Haltung gegenüber den neuen Politiken ein.
C1 noun /ˌrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

Ratification

Ratifizierung
Meaning
the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement
Example
The treaty required ratification by both countries' parliaments.
Der Vertrag erfordert die Ratifikation durch die Parlamente beider Länder.
C1 noun /ˌriː.pəˈkʌʃ.ən/

repercussion

Auswirkung
Meaning
An unintended consequence occurring some time after an event or action.
Example
The economic crisis had severe repercussions on global trade.
Die wirtschaftliche Krise hatte schwerwiegende Auswirkungen auf den globalen Handel.
C1 adjective /ˈriːɡəl/

regal

königlich
Meaning
Resembling or fit for a king; majestic or royal.
Example
The queen entered the hall with a regal presence.
Die Königin betrat den Saal mit einer königlichen Präsenz.
C1 verb /rɪˈsʌsɪteɪt/

resuscitate

wiederbeleben
Meaning
to revive someone from unconsciousness or apparent death
Example
The doctors tried to resuscitate the patient after the heart attack.
Die Ärzte versuchten, den Patienten nach dem Herzinfarkt wiederzubeleben.
C1 noun /ˌrɛspɪˈreɪʃən/

respiration

Atmung
Meaning
The process of breathing or the exchange of gases in living organisms.
Example
Respiration is essential for all living beings.
Die Atmung ist für alle lebenden Wesen wesentlich.
C1 adjective /ˈræmpənt/

rampant

ungehemmt
Meaning
existing or spreading unchecked, often in an undesirable way
Example
Corruption was rampant in the city administration.
Korruption war ungehemmt in der Stadtverwaltung.
C1 noun /rɪˈvʌlʃən/

revulsion

Abscheu
Meaning
a strong feeling of disgust or repulsion
Example
She felt revulsion at the sight of the cruel act.
Sie fühlte Abscheu beim Anblick der grausamen Tat.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈtʌtʃ/

retouch

retuschieren
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
Der Fotograf retuschierte das Bild, um Flecken zu entfernen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpʌl.sɪv/

Repulsive

abstoßend; ekelhaft; abstoßend
Meaning
extremely unpleasant; causing strong dislike or disgust
Example
The smell of rotten eggs was absolutely repulsive.
Der Geruch von faulen Eiern war absolut abstoßend.
C1 verb /ˈræʃənaɪz/

rationlize

rationalisieren
Meaning
to justify or explain something with logical reasons, even if not appropriate or true
Example
He tried to rationlize his mistake by blaming the system.
Er versuchte, seinen Fehler zu rationalisieren, indem er das System beschuldigte.
C1 noun /ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/

referendum

Referendum
Meaning
a general vote by the population on a single political issue
Example
The government held a referendum on the new constitution.
Die Regierung hielt ein Referendum über die neue Verfassung ab.
C1 verb /rɪˈvɜːrbəreɪt/

reverberate

hallen
Meaning
To echo repeatedly or have continuing effects.
Example
The sound of the explosion reverberated through the valley.
Der Klang der Explosion hallte durch das Tal.
C1 noun /rɪˈpʌlʃən/

Repulsion

Abstoßung
Meaning
a feeling of intense distaste or disgust; a force under the influence of which objects tend to move away from each other
Example
She felt a strong repulsion towards the idea of eating insects.
Sie empfand eine starke Abneigung gegenüber der Vorstellung, Insekten zu essen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

empfänglich
Meaning
Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.
Example
She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.
Sie war empfänglich für Feedback von ihren Kollegen.
C1 verb /rɪˈkɔɪl/

recoil

zurückweichen
Meaning
To suddenly spring back in fear, horror, or from force such as a gun's kickback.
Example
She recoiled at the sight of the snake.
Sie zuckte zurück, als sie die Schlange sah.
C1 noun /ˈreɪdiəns/

radiance

Strahlkraft
Meaning
the quality of shining with bright light; a glowing or beaming quality
Example
Her face was filled with radiance after hearing the good news.
Ihr Gesicht war nach dem Hören der guten Nachrichten von Strahlkraft erfüllt.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.kɪʃ/

Rakish

frech
Meaning
having a dashing, jaunty, or slightly disreputable quality or appearance
Example
He wore his hat at a rakish angle that gave him a charming appearance.
Er trug seinen Hut in einem frechen Winkel, was ihm ein charmantes Aussehen verlieh.
C1 adjective rɪˈsɛʃ.ən.er.i

recessionary

rezessiv
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by economic recession.
Example
Governments introduce policies to counter recessionary effects.
Regierungen führen Politiken ein, um rezessive Auswirkungen zu bekämpfen.
C1 verb /rænt/

rant

schimpfen
Meaning
to speak or shout in an angry, uncontrolled way
Example
He ranted about the unfair treatment at work.
Er schrie über die ungerechte Behandlung bei der Arbeit.
C1 verb /rɪˈtɑːrd/

retard

verzögern / verlangsamen
Meaning
to delay or slow down the progress of something
Example
Lack of funds may retard the development of the project.
Mangel an Mitteln kann die Entwicklung des Projekts verzögern.
C1 noun/verb /reɪn/

rein

Zügel / Kontrolle
Meaning
A strap used to control a horse; to control or guide something.
Example
The rider pulled the rein to stop the horse.
Der Reiter zog am Zügel, um das Pferd anzuhalten.
C1 noun /roʊt/

rote

auswendig lernen
Meaning
mechanical or habitual repetition, often without understanding
Example
He learned the poem by rote without understanding its meaning.
Er lernte das Gedicht auswendig, ohne seinen Sinn zu verstehen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈflek.sɪv/

Reflexive

reflexiv; selbstreflektierend
Meaning
directed back on itself; showing deep thought about oneself
Example
She became more reflexive about her behavior after the feedback.
Sie wurde nach dem Feedback nachdenklicher über ihr Verhalten.
C1 noun /ˈriːpər/

reaper

eine Person oder Maschine, die Pflanzen schneidet und sammelt
Meaning
a person or machine that cuts and gathers crops
Example
The reaper moved slowly through the golden fields.
Der Rīper bewegte sich langsam durch die goldenen Felder.
C1 noun ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv

revolutionary initiative

revolutionäre Initiative
Meaning
A groundbreaking action or plan that brings about significant change or transformation.
Example
The revolutionary initiative promotes sustainable energy.
Die revolutionäre Initiative fördert nachhaltige Energie.
C1 verb /rɪˈkuːpəreɪt/

recuperate

sich erholen
Meaning
to recover from illness or regain strength
Example
She went to the countryside to recuperate after surgery.
Sie ging aufs Land, um sich nach der Operation zu erholen.
C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuːz

residues

Rückstände
Meaning
A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been taken or used.
Example
The burning process leaves no harmful residues.
Der Verbrennungsprozess hinterlässt keine schädlichen Rückstände.
C1 noun /rɪˈmɔːrs/

Remorse

Reue
Meaning
deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed; bitter regret for something done
Example
He felt deep remorse for his actions.
Er fühlte tiefes Bedauern für seine Taten.
C1 noun /ˌriː.dɪs.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/

redistribution

Umverteilung
Meaning
The sharing of wealth or resources more equally among society.
Example
The government introduced a redistribution policy to reduce inequality.
Die Regierung führte eine Umverteilungspolitik ein, um die Ungleichheit zu verringern.
C1 noun /rɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Resumption

Wiederaufnahme
Meaning
the action of beginning something again after a pause or interruption
Example
The resumption of classes will be announced next week.
Die Wiederaufnahme der Klassen wird nächste Woche bekannt gegeben.
C1 noun /rɪˈtrækʃən/

retraction

Wiederruf, Rücknahme
Meaning
the act of taking back a statement, promise, or belief
Example
The newspaper issued a retraction of the false report.
Die Zeitung veröffentlichte einen Widerruf des falschen Berichts.
C1 noun/verb /ˈræfəl/

raffle

Verkauf von Lotterietickets
Meaning
A means of raising money by selling numbered tickets, one or more of which are drawn at random for a prize; to sell something in such a lottery.
Example
The charity decided to raffle a bicycle to raise funds.
Die Wohltätigkeitsorganisation beschloss, ein Fahrrad zu verlosen, um Geld zu sammeln.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtæl.i.ə.tɔːr.i/

retaliatory

Vergeltungsmaßnahme
Meaning
Taking action in response to another's action, characterized as punitive, revengeful, or counteractive.
Example
The country imposed retaliatory tariffs in response to trade sanctions.
Das Land verhängte Vergeltungszölle als Antwort auf Handels sanktionen.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.si/

racy

freizügig
Meaning
Lively, entertaining, or slightly shocking (especially in a sexual way).
Example
The novel was full of racy dialogues.
Der Roman war voller freizügiger Dialoge.
C1 adjective /rɪˈdʒɛn.ə.rə.tɪv/

regenerative

regenerativ
Meaning
Able to restore or renew damaged environments, soil, or resources.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil health and biodiversity.
Regenerative Landwirtschaft verbessert die Bodengesundheit und die biologische Vielfalt.
C1 verb /ˈrɛzəneɪt/

resonate

nachhallen
Meaning
To produce or be filled with a deep, full, and reverberating sound; to evoke a feeling or memory.
Example
Her words resonated with the audience.
Ihre Worte hallten bei den Zuhörern nach.
C1 noun /rɪˈmɪt.əns/

Remittance

Überweisung
Meaning
A sum of money sent in payment or as a gift.
Example
The country's economy benefits from expatriate remittance.
Die Wirtschaft des Landes profitiert von den Überweisungen der Auswanderer.
C1 adjective rɪsk-ədˈʤɛstɪd

risk-adjusted

risiko-adjustiert
Meaning
Modified or calibrated to account for risk factors in investment returns.
Example
Risk-adjusted returns consider both potential profit and loss.
Risiko-adjustierte Renditen berücksichtigen sowohl potenziellen Gewinn als auch Verlust.
C1 verb /rɪˈnaʊns/

renounce

verzichten
Meaning
to formally declare rejection of something, such as a claim, belief, or way of life
Example
She renounced her citizenship to move abroad permanently.
Sie verließ ihre Staatsbürgerschaft, um dauerhaft ins Ausland zu ziehen.
C1 noun /ˈrɪpəl/

Ripple

Welle
Meaning
a small wave on the surface of water; a spreading effect or influence
Example
The stone created ripples across the calm pond.
Der Stein verursachte Wellen im ruhigen Teich.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪdiənt/

radiant

strahlend
Meaning
Shining brightly; expressing great happiness.
Example
She looked radiant in her wedding dress.
Sie sah in ihrem Hochzeitskleid strahlend aus.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈpriːv/

reprieve

vorübergehende Erleichterung / Strafaufschub
Meaning
A temporary relief or delay from something unpleasant; to postpone or cancel punishment.
Example
The prisoner was granted a last-minute reprieve from execution.
Der Gefangene bekam in letzter Minute einen Aufschub von der Hinrichtung.
C1 verb /rɪˈpʌls/

repulse

abwehren / Abneigung hervorrufen
Meaning
to drive back an attack or attacker by force; to cause intense dislike or disgust
Example
The army managed to repulse the enemy attack.
Die Armee konnte den feindlichen Angriff abwehren.
C1 adjective /ˈrep.jə.tə.bəl/

Reputable

anerkannt
Meaning
having a good reputation; respected and trusted
Example
She works for a reputable law firm in the city.
Sie arbeitet für eine angesehene Anwaltskanzlei in der Stadt.
C1 noun /ˌrɛpəˈreɪʃən/

reparation

Reparationen
Meaning
the making of amends for a wrong done by paying money or helping those who were wronged
Example
The government offered reparations to the victims of the conflict.
Die Regierung bot den Opfern des Konflikts Reparationen an.
C1 adjective rɪˈlɛntləs

relentless

unaufhaltsam
Meaning
Oppressively constant; incessant; showing no abatement of severity, intensity, strength, or pace.
Example
The freedom fighters' relentless struggle led to victory.
Der unaufhaltsame Kampf der Freiheitskämpfer führte zum Sieg.
C1 noun /ˈroʊdənt/

rodent

Nagetier
Meaning
a small mammal such as a mouse, rat, or squirrel, characterized by constantly growing incisors
Example
The farmer set traps to catch the rodents in his barn.
Der Bauer stellte Fallen auf, um die Nagetiere in seiner Scheune zu fangen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈvenʒ.fəl/

Revengeful

rachelsüchtig
Meaning
seeking or desiring revenge; vindictive
Example
He became revengeful after being betrayed by his friend.
Er wurde rachsüchtig, nachdem er von seinem Freund betrogen wurde.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛsɪv/

recessive

rezessiv
Meaning
In genetics, relating to a trait that is expressed only when two copies of the gene are present.
Example
Blue eye color is often a recessive trait.
Blaue Augenfarbe ist oft ein rezessives Merkmal.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɜːrdʒənt/

resurgent

wiederauflebend
Meaning
Becoming strong, active, or popular again.
Example
The resurgent economy gave hope to many businesses.
Die wiederauflebende Wirtschaft gab vielen Unternehmen Hoffnung.
C1 noun /ˌrek.ənˌsɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

reconciliation

Versöhnung
Meaning
The restoration of friendly relations; the action of making one view or belief compatible with another.
Example
The peace treaty was a major step toward reconciliation.
Der Friedensvertrag war ein wichtiger Schritt in Richtung Versöhnung.
C1 verb /riːl/

reel

stolpern / aufwickeln
Meaning
to lose balance and stagger; to wind or spin something onto a reel
Example
He reeled backward after being punched.
Er stolperte nach hinten, nachdem er geschlagen wurde.
C1 verb rɪˈpel

repel

abstoßen
Meaning
To push away or force apart due to similar charges or properties.
Example
Protons repel each other.
Protonen stoßen sich gegenseitig ab.
C1 noun /ˈrɛtɪsəns/

reticence

Zurückhaltung
Meaning
the quality of being reserved or unwilling to speak freely
Example
His reticence made it difficult to know what he was thinking.
Seine Zurückhaltung machte es schwierig zu wissen, was er dachte.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

Neu besetzen
Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
Der Regisseur entschied sich, die Rolle mit einem jüngeren Schauspieler neu zu besetzen.
C1 adjective /ˈreɡ.jʊ.lə.tər.i/

Regulatory

regulatorisch
Meaning
Having the power to control or govern something through rules and regulations.
Example
The government enforces regulatory policies for financial stability.
Die Regierung setzt regulatorische Richtlinien zur finanziellen Stabilität um.
C1 noun /rəˈviːn/

ravine

Schlucht
Meaning
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
Example
The river carved a deep ravine through the mountains.
Der Fluss grub eine tiefe Schlucht durch die Berge.
C1 verb /ˌriːɪmˈbɜːrs/

reimburse

erstatten
Meaning
to pay back money to someone who has spent it or lost it
Example
The company reimbursed him for travel expenses.
Das Unternehmen erstattete ihm die Reisekosten.
C1 adjective /ˌret.rəˈspek.tɪv/

Retrospective

retrospektiv
Meaning
looking back on or dealing with past events or situations
Example
The museum held a retrospective exhibition of the artist's work.
Das Museum zeigte eine Retrospektivausstellung der Werke des Kuenstlers
C1 noun /ˈrʌmpəs/

Rumpus

Lärm; Aufruhr; Tumult
Meaning
a noisy disturbance; an uproar or commotion
Example
The children caused quite a rumpus in the playground.
Die Kinder verursachten ziemlichen Krach auf dem Spielplatz.
C1 adjective /ˈriː.fleks/

Reflex

Reflex
Meaning
an action performed without conscious thought; relating to reflection
Example
The doctor tested her reflex response by tapping her knee.
Der Arzt testete ihre Reflexantwort, indem er ihr Knie klopfte.
C1 noun /ˈræftər/

rafter

Dachbalken
Meaning
One of the sloping beams that supports a roof.
Example
The old barn’s rafters were exposed.
Die Dachbalken des alten Stalls waren freigelegt.
C1 verb /rɪˈtælieɪt/

retaliate

rächen
Meaning
to make an attack in return for a similar attack
Example
The army retaliated after the enemy attack.
Die Armee rächte sich nach dem feindlichen Angriff.
C1 noun /rɪˈspɒnsɪvnəs/

responsiveness

Reaktionsfähigkeit
Meaning
The quality of reacting quickly and positively
Example
The manager appreciated her responsiveness to customer feedback.
Der Manager schätzte ihre Reaktionsfähigkeit auf Kundenfeedback.
C1 noun /rɑk sɔlt/

Rock Salt

Steinsalz
Meaning
natural salt crystals formed from evaporated ancient seas; unrefined salt
Example
Rock salt is considered healthier than table salt.
Steinsalz wird als gesünder angesehen als Tafelsalz.
C1 noun /ˈrɪɡər/

rigor

Strenge
Meaning
strictness, severity, or demanding conditions
Example
The training was carried out with great rigor.
Das Training wurde mit großer Strenge durchgeführt.
C1 noun /ˈræmpɑːrt/

rampart

Wall
Meaning
a defensive wall of a castle or fort
Example
The soldiers stood on the rampart, watching the enemy approach.
Die Soldaten standen auf dem Wall und beobachteten, wie der Feind sich näherte.
C1 noun ˌriː.pɚˈkʌʃ.ənz

repercussions

Folgen
Meaning
The unintended consequences or effects of an action or event.
Example
The new policy had unintended repercussions on the economy.
Die neue Politik hatte unbeabsichtigte Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaft.
C1 noun /rɪˌdʒuːvəˈneɪʃən/

rejuvenation

Verjüngung
Meaning
The process of restoring something to a former better state, especially referring to renewing soil fertility or revitalizing agricultural land through various restoration practices.
Example
Rejuvenation of soil is necessary for sustainable agriculture.
Die Verjüngung des Bodens ist notwendig für eine nachhaltige Landwirtschaft.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtɜː.nə.bəl/

Returnable

rückgabefähig
Meaning
able to be returned or given back
Example
The bottle is returnable for a deposit refund.
Die Flasche ist für eine Rückerstattung des Pfandes zurückgebbar.
C1 noun /rɪˈmɪʃən/

remission

Remission
Meaning
A temporary or permanent decrease or disappearance of disease symptoms; forgiveness of sins or debts.
Example
The patient’s cancer is in remission after the treatment.
Die Krebserkrankung des Patienten befindet sich nach der Behandlung in Remission.
C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

schelmisch; listig
Meaning
mischievous; playfully dishonest
Example
His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.
Sein schelmisches Lächeln deutete darauf hin, dass er etwas Unfug im Schilde führte.
C1 noun /rɔ ˈtɜrmərɪk/

Raw Turmeric

frische Kurkuma
Meaning
fresh unprocessed root of the turmeric plant used as a spice and medicine
Example
Grate raw turmeric into the curry for authentic flavor.
Reibe frische Kurkuma in das Curry für authentischen Geschmack.
C1 verb /riˈdʒɔɪn/

rejoin

wieder beitreten
Meaning
to join again or return to a group, place, or activity
Example
After a short break, she decided to rejoin the team.
Nach einer kurzen Pause entschloss sie sich, dem Team wieder beizutreten.
C1 noun /ˈrɛtrəsˌpɛkt/

retrospect

Rückblick
Meaning
the act of looking back on or reviewing past events
Example
In retrospect, the decision seemed unwise.
Im Rückblick schien die Entscheidung unklug.
C1 noun /riˈæktənt/

reactant

Edukt
Meaning
A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a chemical reaction.
Example
Oxygen is a reactant in the process of combustion.
Sauerstoff ist ein Edukt im Verbrennungsprozess.
C1 verb /ˌriː.kənˈviːn/

reconvene

wieder zusammentreten
Meaning
to gather or assemble again, especially for a meeting
Example
The committee will reconvene after lunch.
Der Ausschuss wird nach dem Mittagessen wieder zusammentreten.
C1 noun /ˈrɛ.trəʊ.fɪt.ɪŋ/

retrofitting

Nachrüstung mit neuer Technologie oder Funktionen in alten Systemen
Meaning
The addition of new technology or features to older systems.
Example
The building underwent retrofitting to meet new safety standards.
Das Gebäude wurde nachträglich mit Retrofits ausgestattet, um den neuen Sicherheitsstandards zu entsprechen.