propellant
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C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

Antriebsmittel
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
Die Rakete verwendet ein flüssiges Antriebsmittel, um in den Weltraum zu starten.
C1 adjective /pəˈfʌŋk.tər.i/

perfunctory

oberflächlich
Meaning
done without much effort, interest, or thought
Example
He gave a perfunctory nod and walked away.
Er nickte oberflächlich und ging weiter.
C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

fromm
Meaning
devoutly religious; showing reverence for God
Example
The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.
Der fromme Mönch verbrachte jeden Tag Stunden im Gebet.
C1 noun /ˈprɒk.tər/

proctor

Aufsichtsperson
Meaning
a person who supervises students during an examination
Example
The proctor reminded students to keep their phones switched off.
Der Aufsichtsperson erinnerte die Schüler daran, ihre Handys auszuschalten.
C1 noun prɪˈzɜː.və.tɪvz

preservatives

Konservierungsstoffe
Meaning
A substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay.
Example
Many processed foods contain harmful preservatives.
Viele verarbeitete Lebensmittel enthalten schädliche Konservierungsstoffe.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrkəleɪt/

percolate

perkolieren
Meaning
To filter gradually through a porous surface or substance; to spread slowly.
Example
The rainwater percolated through the soil into the groundwater.
Das Regenwasser perkolierte durch den Boden in das Grundwasser.
C1 noun /ˈpluː.mɪdʒ/

plumage

Gefieder
Meaning
the feathers covering a bird's body
Example
The peacock's plumage was vibrant and eye-catching.
Das Pfauenplumage war lebendig und auffällig.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

Dramatiker
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.
Shakespeare gilt als der größte Dramatiker aller Zeiten.
C1 noun /ˈprɒksi/

proxy

Stellvertreter
Meaning
A person authorized to act on behalf of another; a substitute.
Example
She voted by proxy at the meeting.
Sie stimmte per Proxy bei der Sitzung ab.
C1 verb /plɒd/

plod

langsam und stetig arbeiten
Meaning
to work slowly and steadily, often with effort or difficulty
Example
He plodded through his homework despite feeling tired.
Er arbeitete langsam an seiner Hausaufgabe, obwohl er müde war.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒlɪtɪk/

politic

schlau, klug
Meaning
shrewd, prudent, or tactful in practical matters
Example
It was politic of him to remain silent during the argument.
Es war klug von ihm, während des Streits schweigend zu bleiben.
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

verwirrt
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
Er sah verwirrt aus, nachdem er die schlechten Nachrichten gehört hatte.
C1 noun /ˈprəʊsiːdz/

proceeds

Erlös
Meaning
money obtained from an event, activity, or sale
Example
The proceeds from the charity event were donated to the orphanage.
Der Erlös aus der Wohltätigkeitsveranstaltung wurde dem Waisenhaus gespendet.
C1 verb /ˈprɪkəl/

prickle

kribbeln
Meaning
to cause a slight stinging or tingling sensation on the skin
Example
Her skin began to prickle in the cold wind.
Ihre Haut begann im kalten Wind zu kribbeln.
C1 noun /ˈpɛsəl/

pestle

Stößel
Meaning
A heavy tool with a rounded end used for crushing or grinding substances in a mortar.
Example
She used a pestle to grind the spices.
Sie benutzte einen Stößel, um die Gewürze zu mahlen.
C1 verb/noun /pərˈvɜːrt/

pervert

pervertieren / perverse Person
Meaning
As a verb: to distort the meaning or purpose of something; as a noun: a person with abnormal or immoral sexual behavior.
Example
He tried to pervert the truth to escape punishment.
Er versuchte, die Wahrheit zu pervertieren, um der Strafe zu entkommen.
C1 noun /ˈsaɪkiː/

psyche

Seele / Geist
Meaning
the human soul, mind, or spirit
Example
The novel explores the depths of the human psyche.
Der Roman erkundet die Tiefen der menschlichen Psyche.
C1 noun /ˈprɛljuːd/

prelude

Vorspiel
Meaning
An action, event, or statement that serves as an introduction to something more important.
Example
The small fight was only a prelude to a bigger conflict.
Der kleine Kampf war nur ein Vorspiel zu einem größeren Konflikt.
C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

Polarität
Meaning
the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects
Example
The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.
Die Polarität zwischen den beiden politischen Parteien wird immer stärker.
C1 verb /prəˈkjʊər/

procure

beschaffen
Meaning
to obtain something, especially with effort or difficulty
Example
They managed to procure enough supplies for the expedition.
Sie schafften es, genügend Vorräte für die Expedition zu beschaffen.
C1 verb /ˈpæs.ɪ.faɪ/

pacify

besänftigen
Meaning
To quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of someone.
Example
The mother tried to pacify her crying child.
Die Mutter versuchte, ihr weinendes Kind zu besänftigen.
C1 adjective ˌprɒb.ə.bɪˈlɪs.tɪk

probabilistic

auf Wahrscheinlichkeit basierend
Meaning
Based on probability; involving chance or statistical likelihood.
Example
The model follows a probabilistic approach to predictions.
Das Modell folgt einem probabilistischen Ansatz für Vorhersagen.
C1 noun /ˈpædʒənt/

pageant

Schönheitswettbewerb
Meaning
A public entertainment consisting of a procession of people in elaborate costumes, or a beauty contest.
Example
She won first place in the beauty pageant.
Sie gewann den ersten Platz im Schönheitswettbewerb
C1 noun /ˈpæs.ɪ.fɪst/

pacifist

Friedensapostel
Meaning
a person who believes in peace and opposes war or violence
Example
She is a committed pacifist who campaigns against armed conflict.
Sie ist eine engagierte Friedensapostelin, die gegen bewaffnete Konflikte kämpft.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/

plagiarism

Plagiat
Meaning
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own
Example
The student was expelled for committing plagiarism in his essay.
Der Student wurde für das Begehen von Plagiat in seinem Aufsatz ausgeschlossen.
C1 noun /ˌsaɪkoʊˈθɛrəpi/

psychotherapy

Psychotherapie
Meaning
The treatment of mental disorder by psychological rather than medical means.
Example
She attended weekly psychotherapy sessions to cope with her anxiety.
Sie nahm wöchentliche Psychotherapiesitzungen, um mit ihrer Angst umzugehen.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡɒn/

polygon

Polygon
Meaning
a flat shape with three or more straight sides
Example
The artist drew a colorful polygon on the canvas.
Der Künstler zeichnete ein buntes Polygon auf die Leinwand.
C1 adjective /prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

Provoking

provokativ
Meaning
causing anger or strong reaction; irritating; stimulating
Example
His provoking comments made everyone angry.
Seine provozierenden Kommentare machten alle wütend.
C1 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪə/

paranoia

irrationaler und persistierender Glaube, dass Menschen 'dir etwas antun wollen' oder dich ständig beobachten
Meaning
an irrational and persistent feeling that people are 'out to get you' or are constantly watching you
Example
His constant paranoia made it hard for him to trust anyone.
Seine ständige Paranoia machte es schwer, jemandem zu vertrauen.
C1 adjective /ˈpiːkənt/

piquant

pikant
Meaning
having a pleasantly sharp or spicy taste; interestingly provocative
Example
The chef added a piquant sauce to the dish to enhance its flavor.
Der Koch fügte dem Gericht eine pikante Soße hinzu, um den Geschmack zu verbessern.
C1 noun /ˈpɪl.fər.ɪdʒ/

Pilferage

Kleindiebstahl
Meaning
the theft of small amounts or items, especially from one's workplace
Example
The company installed cameras to prevent pilferage.
Das Unternehmen installierte Kameras, um Diebstahl zu verhindern.
C1 noun /ˌpærəfəˈneɪliə/

paraphernalia

Ausrüstung
Meaning
Miscellaneous articles, especially equipment needed for a particular activity.
Example
The fisherman carried all his fishing paraphernalia in a large box.
Der Fischer trug seine ganze Angelausrüstung in einer großen Kiste.
C1 adjective /ˈprɛdəˌtɔri/

predatory

räuberisch/ausbeuterisch
Meaning
Relating to animals that prey on others; exploiting or victimizing others for personal gain.
Example
The predatory bird swooped down on its prey.
Der Raubvogel stürzte sich auf seine Beute.
C1 adjective /ˈpælpəbl̩/

palpable

Glück
Meaning
easily perceived or felt; so intense as to seem almost tangible
Example
There was a palpable sense of excitement in the room.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 adjective /pəˈleɪ.ʃəl/

palatial

palastähnlich
Meaning
resembling a palace in being spacious and splendid
Example
They stayed in a palatial hotel during their vacation.
Sie übernachteten in einem palastähnlichen Hotel während ihres Urlaubs.
C1 verb /pərˈtɜːrb/

perturb

stören
Meaning
To disturb or unsettle greatly in mind.
Example
The sudden noise perturbed the students during the exam.
Das plötzliche Geräusch störte die Schüler während der Prüfung.
C1 noun /pəˈrɪfəri/

periphery

Peripherie
Meaning
The outer edge or boundary of an area or object.
Example
The soldiers were stationed at the periphery of the camp.
Die Soldaten waren am Rand des Lagers stationiert.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

Pfaunin
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
Die Pfaunin ist weniger farbenfroh als der männliche Pfau.
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

Schmollen
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
Das Kind begann zu schmollen, als es das Spielzeug nicht bekam.
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

verbreitet
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
Rauchen ist unter Teenagern trotz gesundheitlicher Warnhinweise immer noch verbreitet.
C1 verb /prəˈlɪf.ə.reɪt/

proliferate

proliferieren
Meaning
To increase rapidly in numbers; to grow or spread quickly and extensively.
Example
Startups tend to proliferate in a thriving economy.
Startups neigen dazu, in einer florierenden Wirtschaft schnell zu proliferieren.
C1 noun /pækt/

Pact

Pakt; Vertrag
Meaning
a formal agreement between individuals or parties; a treaty or contract
Example
The two countries signed a peace pact to end the war.
Die beiden Länder unterzeichneten einen Friedenspakt, um den Krieg zu beenden.
C1 noun /ˈplɛθərə/

plethora

eine übermäßige Menge
Meaning
an excessive amount of something
Example
She has a plethora of books on her shelf.
Sie hat eine übermäßige Menge an Büchern auf ihrem Regal.
C1 noun /prəˌlɪf.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

proliferation

Proliferation
Meaning
Rapid increase in the number or amount of something; rapid multiplication or growth.
Example
The proliferation of malware is a growing concern.
Die Proliferation von Malware ist eine wachsende Sorge.
C1 noun /pɜːrl drɒp/

Pearl drop

Perlen Tropfen
Meaning
a single pearl used as jewelry, often in earrings or pendants
Example
The elegant pearl drop earrings complemented her outfit perfectly.
Die eleganten Perlen Tropfen Ohrringe ergänzten ihr Outfit perfekt.
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

photosynthetische Effizienz
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
Die Verbesserung der photosynthetischen Effizienz kann die Ernteerträge steigern.
C1 noun /ˈpɒpjʊlɪst/

populist

populistischer Führer
Meaning
A politician or person who seeks to appeal to ordinary people who feel their concerns are ignored by elites.
Example
The populist leader promised to put the needs of common citizens first.
Der populistische Führer versprach, die Bedürfnisse der einfachen Bürger an erste Stelle zu setzen.
C1 noun prəˈfaʊnd ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

profound initiative

tiefgründige Initiative
Meaning
A deep, meaningful, and significant action or program designed to create change.
Example
A profound initiative can create sustainable changes.
Eine tiefgründige Initiative kann nachhaltige Veränderungen schaffen.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːʃən/

Persian

Person aus dem Iran oder die persisch spricht
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Iran; the language spoken in Iran (Farsi)
Example
The Persian language has a rich literary history.
Die persische Sprache hat eine reiche literarische Geschichte.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪs.tiːn/

pristine

unberührt, rein und frisch
Meaning
In its original condition; unspoiled, clean, and fresh.
Example
The forest remains in a pristine condition.
Der Wald bleibt in einem unberührten Zustand.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.kɒk ˈflaʊ.ər/

Peacock flower

Pfauenblume
Meaning
a tropical tree with bright orange and red flowers that resemble a peacock's tail
Example
The peacock flower tree blooms with stunning orange flowers in summer.
Der Pfauenzweiflorbaum blüht im Sommer mit auffälligen orangen Blumen.
C1 noun /pərˈkʌʃən/

percussion

Schlaginstrumente
Meaning
Musical instruments that are played by striking, shaking, or scraping, such as drums or cymbals.
Example
The percussion section added rhythm and energy to the orchestra.
Die Schlaginstrumente-Sektion fügte dem Orchester Rhythmus und Energie hinzu.
C1 adjective /prəˈfɛtɪk/

prophetic

prophetisch
Meaning
accurately predicting or describing what will happen in the future
Example
His prophetic words came true after many years.
Seine prophetischen Worte wurden nach vielen Jahren wahr.
C1 noun /ˈpɛrəntɪdʒ/

parentage

Abstammung
Meaning
The identity and origins of one's parents; descent or lineage.
Example
Her noble parentage gave her access to the royal court.
Ihre edle Abstammung verschaffte ihr Zugang zum königlichen Hof.
C1 adjective /fəˈnɛtɪk/

phonetic

phonetisch
Meaning
relating to the sounds of speech or pronunciation
Example
The teacher taught the students the phonetic spelling of difficult words.
Der Lehrer unterrichtete die Schüler die phonetische Rechtschreibung schwieriger Wörter.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrlər/

parlor

Salon, Geschäft
Meaning
A sitting room in a private house, or a shop providing specified services.
Example
They welcomed the guests into the front parlor.
Sie empfingen die Gäste im vorderen Parlor.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

wohlwollend
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
Sie ist bekannt für ihre wohltätigen Aktivitäten in der Stadt.
C1 noun /plɔɪ/

ploy

clevere List
Meaning
a clever plan or action designed to gain an advantage
Example
She used a clever ploy to win the debate.
Sie verwendete eine clevere List, um die Debatte zu gewinnen.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːsəˈnælɪzeɪʃən/

personalization

personalisierung, anpassung
Meaning
The action of making something personal or individual; customization.
Example
Personalization in marketing improves customer engagement.
Personalisierung im Marketing verbessert die Kundenbindung.
C1 adjective /ˈpent ʌp/

Pent-up

unterdrückt; eingeschränkt; eingesperrt
Meaning
suppressed; restrained; confined
Example
He had pent-up anger that finally exploded.
Er hatte unterdrückte Wut, die schließlich explodierte.
C1 verb /prəˈfes/

profess

bekennen
Meaning
to declare or claim openly; to state one's belief
Example
He professes his love for classical music.
Er bekennt seine Liebe zur klassischen Musik.
C1 noun ˌpriːˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən

preoccupation

Beschäftigung
Meaning
The state of being absorbed in thought; mental distraction.
Example
His preoccupation with work led to neglecting his personal life.
Seine Beschäftigung mit der Arbeit führte dazu, dass er sein persönliches Leben vernachlässigte.
C1 noun ˌpɒlɪˈneɪʃən

Pollination

Bestäubung
Meaning
The process by which pollen is transferred from flowers, enabling plant reproduction.
Example
Butterflies play a vital role in pollination.
Schmetterlinge spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Bestäubung.
C1 verb ˈplʌmɪtɪŋ

plummeting

plötzlicher Rückgang
Meaning
Falling or dropping suddenly and steeply; decreasing rapidly
Example
The fertility rate in Bangladesh is plummeting.
Die Fertilitätsrate in Bangladesch sinkt rapide.
C1 noun prɪˈzɝː.və.tɪv

preservative

Konservierungsmittel
Meaning
A chemical substance that prevents decay, fermentation, or other natural processes that cause food deterioration.
Example
Artificial preservatives are harmful to health.
Künstliche Konservierungsmittel sind gesundheitsschädlich.
C1 adjective /priˈɛmptɪv/

preemptive

präventiv
Meaning
Serving or intended to prevent something by taking action first.
Example
The government took preemptive measures to control inflation.
Die Regierung ergriff präventive Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Inflation.
C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊz/

predispose

veranlassen
Meaning
To make someone more likely to behave in a certain way or be affected by something.
Example
His genetics may predispose him to diabetes.
Seine Gene können ihn eher dazu bringen, an Diabetes zu erkranken.
C1 noun /ˈpɛnənt/

pennant

Wimpel
Meaning
A tapering flag used for signaling or as an emblem of victory or achievement.
Example
The team raised the championship pennant proudly.
Das Team hisste stolz den Wimpel der Meisterschaft.
C1 adjective prəˈtræk.tɪd

protracted

protrahiert, lang, ausgedehnt
Meaning
Lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual.
Example
The negotiations were protracted over months.
Die Verhandlungen dauerten Monate.
C1 verb /priːˈɒkjʊpaɪ/

preoccupy

beschäftigen, in Anspruch nehmen
Meaning
To dominate or engross the mind of someone to the exclusion of other thoughts.
Example
Worries about the future preoccupy him constantly.
Sorgen um die Zukunft beschäftigen ihn ständig.
C1 adjective /pəˈroʊkiəl/

parochial

parochial
Meaning
Having a limited or narrow outlook; relating to a parish.
Example
His parochial view prevented him from understanding global issues.
Seine parochiale Sichtweise hinderte ihn daran, globale Probleme zu verstehen.
C1 noun /poʊˈɛt.ɪks/

poetics

Poetik, Theorie der Dichtung
Meaning
the study or theory of poetry and its principles
Example
He wrote a book on poetics explaining the art of verse.
Er schrieb ein Buch über Poetik, das die Kunst des Verses erklärte.
C1 adjective /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

precipitous

steil oder plötzlich
Meaning
Extremely steep or sudden; done quickly without careful consideration.
Example
The hikers struggled to climb the precipitous slope.
Die Wanderer hatten Schwierigkeiten, den steilen Abhang hinaufzusteigen.
C1 noun /ˈpærɪti/

parity

Parität
Meaning
the state or condition of being equal, especially in status or pay
Example
The campaign aims to achieve pay parity between men and women.
Die Kampagne zielt darauf ab, die Lohngleichheit zwischen Männern und Frauen zu erreichen.
C1 verb /pɜːrtʃ/

perch

auf etwas hohem oder engem sitzen
Meaning
To sit or rest on something high or narrow.
Example
The bird perched on the fence.
Der Vogel saß auf dem Zaun.
C1 adjective /prəˈhɪbɪtɪv/

prohibitive

verboten teuer
Meaning
Too high or expensive to be affordable; serving to prevent or discourage action.
Example
The cost of the medication is prohibitive for many families.
Die Kosten für das Medikament sind für viele Familien unerschwinglich.
C1 verb /pɑːrs/

parse

grammatisch analysieren
Meaning
to analyze a sentence or text grammatically or logically
Example
The software can parse large amounts of text data efficiently.
Die Software kann große Mengen an Textdaten effizient analysieren.
C1 verb /proʊˈtrækt/

protract

verlängern
Meaning
To prolong or extend in time or duration.
Example
Negotiations were protracted for several months.
Die Verhandlungen wurden über mehrere Monate hinweg verlängert.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

panoramische Aussicht
Meaning
Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.
Example
The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.
Das Hotel bietet panoramische Ausblicke auf den Ozean.
C1 noun /pəˈrɪm.ɪ.tər/

perimeter

Umfang
Meaning
the continuous line forming the boundary of a closed geometric figure or area
Example
The soldiers guarded the perimeter of the camp.
Die Soldaten bewachten den Umfang des Lagers.
C1 noun /ˌpriːməˈnɪʃən/ or /ˌprɛm-/

premonition

Vorgefühl
Meaning
a strong feeling that something is about to happen, often something negative
Example
She had a premonition of danger before the trip.
Sie hatte ein Vorgefühl von Gefahr vor der Reise.
C1 verb /priːˈɛmpt/

preempt

präventiv handeln
Meaning
To take action in order to prevent something from happening; to take the place of something.
Example
The government acted quickly to preempt a financial crisis.
Die Regierung handelte schnell, um eine Finanzkrise zu verhindern.
C1 noun /prəˈpoʊnənt/

proponent

Befürworter, Anhänger
Meaning
a person who advocates for or supports a particular idea, cause, or plan
Example
She is a strong proponent of renewable energy.
Sie ist eine starke Befürworterin erneuerbarer Energien.
C1 noun /ˈpeɪ.ɡən/

Pagan

Heide
Meaning
a person holding religious beliefs other than the main world religions; a heathen
Example
Ancient Romans considered early Christians to be pagans.
Die alten Römer betrachteten die frühen Christen als Heiden.
C1 verb /priːn/

preen

sich herausputzen
Meaning
To groom or dress oneself with care; to show pride in one's appearance.
Example
She preened in front of the mirror before leaving for the party.
Sie richtete sich vor dem Spiegel her, bevor sie zur Party ging.
C1 verb /per/

pare

schälen
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
Sie schälte den Apfel, bevor sie ihn aß.
C1 adjective /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/

permissive

permissiv
Meaning
Allowing or characterized by great or excessive freedom of behavior; very lenient or indulgent.
Example
Permissive parenting can sometimes lead to a lack of discipline in children.
Permissive Erziehung kann manchmal zu einem Mangel an Disziplin bei Kindern führen.
C1 noun /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl miːt/

Palatable meat

schmackhaftes Fleisch
Meaning
Meat that is pleasant to taste; appetizing meat dish
Example
The chef prepared palatable meat dishes for the dinner party.
Der Koch hat schmackhafte Fleischgerichte für die Dinnerparty zubereitet.
C1 verb /ˈpætər/

patter

ein wiederholtes, leises Klopfen machen / schnell auf mechanische Weise sprechen
Meaning
to make a repeated light tapping sound; to talk quickly in a rehearsed or mechanical way
Example
Rain pattered softly on the window.
Der Regen klopfte sanft an das Fenster.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒs.tʃə.məs/

Posthumous

posthum
Meaning
occurring or continuing after death; published after the author's death
Example
The author received a posthumous award for his last novel.
Der Autor erhielt einen posthumen Preis für seinen letzten Roman.
C1 adjective /ˈpæs.ə.bəl/

passable

akzeptabel
Meaning
good enough to be accepted, though not excellent
Example
The road is barely passable after the storm.
Die Straße ist nach dem Sturm nur schwer passierbar.
C1 verb /ˈpʌlseɪt/

pulsate

pochen
Meaning
to expand and contract rhythmically; to throb or beat
Example
The neon lights pulsated with a steady rhythm.
Die Neonlichter pochten mit einem stetigen Rhythmus.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛtjʊlənt/

petulant

reizbar
Meaning
Childishly sulky or bad-tempered.
Example
The child became petulant when denied more candy.
Das Kind wurde reizbar, als ihm keine weiteren Süßigkeiten gegeben wurden.
C1 noun prəˈkjʊrmənt

procurement

Beschaffung
Meaning
The action of obtaining or procuring something, especially for official purposes.
Example
The procurement of modern equipment has improved research accuracy.
Die Beschaffung moderner Ausrüstung hat die Genauigkeit der Forschung verbessert.
C1 adjective /pəˈrɪʒən/

parisian

mit Paris verbunden
Meaning
relating to Paris or its people
Example
She wore a Parisian style dress at the party.
Sie trug ein pariser Stil-Kleid auf der Party.
C1 noun /fɪˈziːk/

physique

Körperbau
Meaning
the form, size, and development of a person's body
Example
He has an athletic physique due to years of training.
Er hat durch jahrelanges Training eine athletische Figur.
C1 verb pleɪɡd

plagued

geplagt
Meaning
Troubled or afflicted persistently by problems or difficulties.
Example
People are plagued by anxiety and depression.
Die Menschen sind von Angst und Depression geplagt.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪməsi/

primacy

Vorrang
Meaning
the state of being first in importance or authority
Example
The primacy of education cannot be denied.
Die Vorrangstellung der Bildung kann nicht bestritten werden.
C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

produktiv
Meaning
Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.
Example
The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.
Der Autor ist produktiv, er hat über 30 Bücher geschrieben.
C1 noun /ˈpælɪt/

pallet

palette
Meaning
a flat wooden platform used for moving or storing goods; also a makeshift bed
Example
The boxes were stacked on a wooden pallet for easy transport.
Die Kisten wurden auf einer Holzpalette für einen einfachen Transport gestapelt.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.əs/

Piteous

mitleidserregend; traurig
Meaning
deserving pity; arousing compassion
Example
The piteous cries of the injured animal moved everyone to tears.
Die mitleidserregenden Schreie des verletzten Tieres rührten alle zu Tränen.
C1 noun /pləˈsiːboʊ/

placebo

Placebo
Meaning
a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs
Example
The patient was given a placebo to compare the effect of the real drug.
Der Patient erhielt ein Placebo, um die Wirkung des echten Medikaments zu vergleichen.
C1 noun /prɪˈrɒɡətɪv/

prerogative

Vorrecht
Meaning
a special right or privilege exclusive to a particular person or group
Example
It is the manager’s prerogative to make the final decision.
Es ist das Vorrecht des Managers, die endgültige Entscheidung zu treffen.
C1 noun /pæŋ/

pang

ein plötzlicher scharfer Schmerz oder emotionaler Stress
Meaning
a sudden sharp feeling of pain or emotional distress
Example
She felt a pang of guilt after the argument.
Sie fühlte einen pang von Schuld nach dem Streit.
C1 verb /pɛk/

Peck

picken
Meaning
To strike or bite something with a beak; to eat in small bites.
Example
The hen began to peck at the grains scattered on the ground.
Das Huhn begann, an den auf dem Boden verstreuten Körnern zu picken.
C1 adjective /pərˈmɪsəbl̩/

permissible

erlaubt
Meaning
allowed or permitted by rules or law
Example
It is permissible to park here after 6 p.m.
Es ist erlaubt, hier nach 18 Uhr zu parken.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪn.tɪf/

Plaintiff

Kläger
Meaning
a person who brings a case against another in a court of law; the person who initiates a lawsuit
Example
The plaintiff filed a lawsuit against the company.
Der Kläger reichte eine Klage gegen das Unternehmen ein.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.hɑːrˈmɒn.ɪk/

philharmonic

mit einem Sinfonieorchester verbunden
Meaning
relating to a symphony orchestra or its music
Example
The philharmonic orchestra performed a stunning rendition of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
Das philharmonische Orchester führte eine beeindruckende Darbietung von Beethovens Neunter Sinfonie auf.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪθ.i/

pithy

prägnant und bedeutsam
Meaning
concise and meaningful; full of substance
Example
She gave a pithy comment that summarized the issue perfectly.
Sie gab einen prägnanten Kommentar ab, der das Thema perfekt zusammenfasste.
C1 adjective /ˈpoʊləraɪzd/

polarized

polarisiert
Meaning
divided into two sharply contrasting groups or opinions
Example
The debate polarized the community on the issue of climate change.
Die Debatte polarisierte die Gemeinschaft über das Thema Klimawandel.
C1 adjective /priːˈɛmɪnənt/

preeminent

herausragend
Meaning
Surpassing all others; very distinguished in some way.
Example
She is a preeminent scientist in the field of genetics.
Sie ist eine herausragende Wissenschaftlerin im Bereich der Genetik.
C1 verb /ˌpoʊstˈdeɪt/

postdate

nachträglich datieren
Meaning
To assign a date later than the actual date to a document or event.
Example
She postdated the check to next month.
Sie setzte das Datum des Schecks auf den nächsten Monat.
C1 adjective /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪˌteɪtɪd/

premeditated

vorgeplant
Meaning
planned in advance; done deliberately
Example
The crime was clearly premeditated.
Das Verbrechen war eindeutig vorgeplant.
C1 adjective /prɪˈzʌmp.tʃu.əs/

presumptuous

überheblich
Meaning
Overconfident, rude, or taking liberties without permission.
Example
It was presumptuous of him to make that decision without consulting others.
Es war überheblich von ihm, diese Entscheidung zu treffen, ohne die anderen zu konsultieren.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡlɒt/

polyglot

Polyglott
Meaning
a person who knows and can use several languages
Example
She is a polyglot, fluent in English, Spanish, and Bengali.
Sie ist ein Polyglott, fließend in Englisch, Spanisch und Bengalisch.
C1 noun /prɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Presumption

Vermutung; Annahme;
Meaning
an idea that is taken to be true without proof
Example
There is a presumption of innocence in the legal system.
Im Rechtssystem gibt es eine Vermutung der Unschuld.
C1 noun /ˌpɑːrʃiˈæləti/

partiality

Parteilichkeit
Meaning
an unfair preference or bias toward one side or person
Example
The judge was criticized for showing partiality in the case.
Der Richter wurde dafür kritisiert, in dem Fall Parteilichkeit zu zeigen.
C1 verb /piːv/

peeve

ärgern
Meaning
To annoy or irritate someone.
Example
His constant interruptions really peeve me.
Seine ständigen Unterbrechungen nerven mich wirklich.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈprɒstreɪt/

prostrate

niederwerfen
Meaning
lying stretched out on the ground with one's face downward, often as a sign of submission or exhaustion
Example
He lay prostrate on the ground after the long battle.
Er lag niedergeworfen auf dem Boden nach der langen Schlacht.
C1 noun /ˈpɛndjələm/

pendulum

pendel
Meaning
A weight suspended from a pivot so that it swings freely, often used to regulate clocks.
Example
The pendulum swung back and forth inside the clock.
Der Pendel schwang vor und zurück im Inneren der Uhr.
C1 verb /proʊˈtruːd/

protrude

vorragen
Meaning
To stick out or extend beyond a surface.
Example
A nail was protruding from the wooden board.
Ein Nagel ragte aus dem Holzbrett hervor.