Isolation
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B2 noun /ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/

Isolation

Isolation
Meaning
the process or fact of isolating or being isolated; separation from other people or things
Example
The patient was kept in isolation to prevent the spread of the infectious disease.
Der Patient wurde in Isolation gehalten, um die Ausbreitung der ansteckenden Krankheit zu verhindern.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nər.i/

Imaginary

imaginär; fiktiv; nicht real
Meaning
existing only in imagination; not real; fictional
Example
The child had an imaginary friend who she talked to every day.
Das Kind hatte einen imaginären Freund, mit dem es jeden Tag sprach.
B2 adjective ɪnˈev.ɪ.tə.bəl

inevitable

unvermeidlich
Meaning
Certain to happen; unavoidable.
Example
Death is an inevitable part of life.
Der Tod ist ein unvermeidlicher Teil des Lebens.
B2 noun /ɪnˈvɒlvmənt/

involvement

Beteiligung
Meaning
the act of taking part in something
Example
His involvement in the project was crucial.
Seine Beteiligung am Projekt war entscheidend.
B2 verb /ˌɪntərˈfɪər/

interfere

Glück
Meaning
to become involved in something that is not your concern; to hinder or obstruct
Example
Parents should not interfere in their children’s personal choices.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B2 noun /ˈɪm.pʌls/

Impulse

Impuls; plötzlicher Drang
Meaning
a sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act; a driving force or motivation
Example
She bought the expensive dress on impulse and later regretted the purchase.
Sie kaufte das teure Kleid im Impuls und bereute später den Kauf.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtɛnsɪfaɪ/

intensify

intensivieren
Meaning
To make something stronger, more extreme, or more forceful.
Example
The storm is expected to intensify overnight.
Der Sturm wird voraussichtlich über Nacht intensiver werden.
B2 verb /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/

isolate

isolieren
Meaning
To separate something or someone from others.
Example
Doctors tried to isolate the patient to prevent the spread of infection.
Die Ärzte versuchten, den Patienten zu isolieren, um die Ausbreitung der Infektion zu verhindern.
B2 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Indication

Indikation; Zeichen
Meaning
a sign or piece of information that indicates something; a suggestion or hint
Example
The dark clouds were a clear indication that a storm was approaching the area.
Die dunklen Wolken waren ein deutliches Zeichen dafür, dass ein Sturm sich der Gegend näherte.
B2 noun /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊərɪti/

insecurity

Unsicherheit
Meaning
lack of confidence or assurance; a state of uncertainty or vulnerability
Example
Her insecurity made her doubt her abilities despite her experience.
Ihre Unsicherheit ließ sie an ihren Fähigkeiten zweifeln.
B2 noun ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs

injustice

ungerechtigkeit
Meaning
Lack of fairness or justice; the practice of being unjust or unfair.
Example
The story portrays the injustices faced by the common people.
Die Geschichte stellt die Ungerechtigkeiten dar, denen die gewöhnlichen Menschen gegenüberstehen.
B2 noun /ˈɪnˌsaɪt/

insight

Einsicht
Meaning
The ability to understand the true nature of something; deep understanding.
Example
Her insight into human behavior made her a successful psychologist.
Ihre Einsicht in menschliches Verhalten machte sie zu einer erfolgreichen Psychologin.
B2 noun ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəlz

intellectuals

Intellektuelle
Meaning
People possessing a highly developed intellect; scholars or academics.
Example
Intellectuals protested against the dominance.
Die Intellektuellen protestierten gegen die Vorherrschaft.
B2 noun ˈɪnər strɛŋkθ

inner strength

innere Stärke
Meaning
Mental or spiritual power that helps a person cope with difficulties.
Example
Community service fosters inner strength in individuals.
Gemeinnützige Arbeit fördert die innere Stärke in Einzelpersonen.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃənt/

Inefficient

ineffizient
Meaning
not achieving maximum productivity; wasteful of time or resources
Example
The old computer system was inefficient and wasted a lot of time.
Das alte Computersystem war ineffizient und verschwendete viel Zeit.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɒlɪtli/

impolitely

unhöflich
Meaning
in a rude or discourteous manner; without showing respect or proper manners
Example
He spoke impolitely to the waiter despite the polite service.
Er sprach unhöflich mit dem Kellner trotz des guten Services.
B2 noun /ɪnˈkluːʒən/

inclusion

Inklusion
Meaning
the action or state of including or being included within a group or structure
Example
Diversity and inclusion are key values in modern workplaces.
Vielfalt und Inklusion sind wichtige Werte in modernen Arbeitsplätzen.
B2 adjective aɪˈkɒnɪk

iconic

ikonisch
Meaning
Very famous or popular, especially being considered to represent particular opinions or a particular time.
Example
The line "It was the best of times..." is iconic.
Der Satz "Es war die beste Zeit..." ist ikonisch.
B2 noun /ˈɪdɪət/

idiot

Idiot
Meaning
a person who acts in a way that is considered very stupid or foolish
Example
He acted like an idiot at the party last night.
Er benahm sich wie ein Idiot auf der Party letzte Nacht.
B2 verb /ɪmˈpoʊzd/

imposed

auferlegt
Meaning
forced something to be accepted or put in place
Example
The government imposed new regulations on the industry.
Die Regierung hat neue Vorschriften für die Industrie erlassen.
B2 verb /ɪtʃ/

itch

Juckreiz
Meaning
to feel an urge to scratch; to have a restless desire
Example
My skin itches from the mosquito bites.
Meine Haut juckt wegen der Mückenstiche.
B2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiət/

intermediate

mittelstufig
Meaning
Coming between two things in time, place, or order; in the middle level or stage.
Example
She is taking an intermediate-level French course.
Sie nimmt einen Französischkurs auf mittlerem Niveau.
B2 noun ɪnˈfleɪʃən

inflation

Inflation
Meaning
A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
Example
Inflation erodes the purchasing power of consumers.
Inflation verringert die Kaufkraft der Verbraucher.
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɜːr/

infer

schließen
Meaning
to conclude or deduce something from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements
Example
From his silence, I inferred that he was not happy with the decision.
Aus seiner Stille schloss ich, dass er mit der Entscheidung nicht zufrieden war.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɔːtəntli/

importantly

wichtigerweise
Meaning
in a way that is of great significance or value
Example
Importantly, the report highlights the need for immediate action.
Wichtigerweise hebt der Bericht die Notwendigkeit sofortiger Maßnahmen hervor.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnt/

intent

Absicht
Meaning
the purpose or reason behind an action; a strong determination to do something
Example
Her intent was to improve the quality of education in the community.
Ihre Absicht war es, die Qualität der Bildung in der Gemeinschaft zu verbessern.
B2 noun /ˈɪntərfeɪs/

interface

Schnittstelle
Meaning
a point where two systems, subjects, or organizations meet and interact
Example
The user interface is designed to be intuitive and user-friendly.
Die Benutzeroberfläche ist so gestaltet, dass sie intuitiv und benutzerfreundlich ist.
B2 noun /ˈɪn.vɔɪs/

Invoice

Rechnung
Meaning
a list of goods sent or services provided, with a statement of the sum due for these
Example
The company sent an invoice for the office supplies delivered last week.
Das Unternehmen schickte eine Rechnung für die letzte Woche gelieferten Bürobedarf.
B2 noun /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/

inhabitant

Einwohner
Meaning
a person or animal that lives in a particular place
Example
The inhabitants of the village rely on farming for their livelihood.
Die Einwohner des Dorfes sind auf die Landwirtschaft angewiesen, um ihren Lebensunterhalt zu sichern.
B2 noun ɪnˌdʌstrɪəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

industrialization

Industrialisierung
Meaning
The development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
Example
Industrialization changed the global economy dramatically.
Die Industrialisierung hat die globale Wirtschaft dramatisch verändert.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

incapable

unfähig
Meaning
lacking the ability, skill, or capacity to do something
Example
He is incapable of understanding complex instructions.
Er ist unfähig, komplexe Anweisungen zu verstehen.
B2 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəl ˌrɛvəˈluːʃən/

Industrial Revolution

Industrielle Revolution
Meaning
The rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries, brought about by the introduction of machinery and characterized by the use of steam power and the growth of factories.
Example
The Industrial Revolution marked a shift in production processes.
Die industrielle Revolution markierte einen Wandel in den Produktionsprozessen.
B2 verb /ɪnˈsɜːrt/

insert

einsetzen
Meaning
to put or place something into something else
Example
Please insert the key into the lock.
bitte stecken Sie den Schlüssel in das Schloss.
B2 noun /ˌɪnəˈbɪləti/

inability

unfähigkeit
Meaning
the state of being unable to do something
Example
His inability to make decisions affected his career.
Seine Unfähigkeit, Entscheidungen zu treffen, beeinträchtigte seine Karriere.
B2 adjective /ɪsˈlɑːmɪk/

islamic

islamisch
Meaning
relating to Islam, its followers, or its teachings
Example
The city has many Islamic cultural centers.
Die Stadt hat viele islamische Kulturzentren.
B2 noun /ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃən/

interruption

Unterbrechung
Meaning
the act of stopping or breaking the continuity of something; a pause caused by an external action
Example
The meeting was delayed due to an unexpected interruption.
Das Treffen wurde wegen einer unerwarteten Unterbrechung verschoben.
B2 adjective /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/

infinite

unendlich
Meaning
limitless or endless in space, extent, or number
Example
The universe is often described as infinite.
Das Universum wird oft als unendlich beschrieben.
B2 noun /ɪnˈspɛktər/

inspector

inspektor
Meaning
An official employed to ensure regulations are obeyed or standards are met.
Example
The inspector carefully checked the restaurant's kitchen for hygiene standards.
Der Inspektor überprüfte sorgfältig die Küche des Restaurants auf Hygienestandards.
B2 adjective /ˈɪmpæktfʊl/

impactful

wirksam
Meaning
Having a major impact or effect; powerful and forceful.
Example
Her impactful speech moved the audience to take action.
Ihre wirksame Rede bewegte das Publikum, Maßnahmen zu ergreifen.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnsəti/

intensity

intensität
Meaning
The quality of being extreme, strong, or forceful in degree.
Example
The intensity of the storm frightened the villagers.
Die Intensität des Sturms erschreckte die Dorfbewohner.
B2 adjective /ɪˈrɪˌspɑn.sə.bəl/

Irresponsible

verantwortungslos
Meaning
lacking a sense of responsibility; careless
Example
It was irresponsible of him to leave without telling anyone.
Es war verantwortungslos von ihm, ohne jemandem Bescheid zu sagen zu gehen.
B2 verb /ɪnˈveɪd/

invade

invasieren
Meaning
to enter a place or country forcefully, especially as an enemy
Example
The army invaded the neighboring country.
Die Armee hat das benachbarte Land invadierte.
B2 noun /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/

immigrant

Einwanderer
Meaning
a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
The city has welcomed many new immigrants this year.
Die Stadt hat in diesem Jahr viele neue Einwanderer willkommen geheißen.
B2 adjective, noun /ˌɪn.təlˈɛk.tʃu.əl/

intellectual

intellektuell
Meaning
Relating to the intellect; a person who engages in critical thinking and study.
Example
She enjoys intellectual discussions about philosophy.
Sie genießt intellektuelle Diskussionen über Philosophie.
B2 verb /ˈɪnəveɪt/

innovate

innovieren
Meaning
To introduce new methods, ideas, or products.
Example
The company must innovate to stay ahead of its competitors.
Das Unternehmen muss innovieren, um seinen Konkurrenten voraus zu bleiben.
B2 noun ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən

intervention

Eingreifen
Meaning
The action or process of intervening; involvement in a situation to improve or help it.
Example
The intervention of the UN was crucial in resolving the conflict.
Das Eingreifen der UNO war entscheidend für die Beilegung des Konflikts.
B2 adjective ɪˈmɜː.sɪv

immersive

immersiv
Meaning
Providing, involving, or characterized by deep absorption or immersion in something.
Example
Virtual reality creates an immersive learning environment.
Virtuelle Realität schafft eine immersive Lernumgebung.
B2 adjective /ˌɪd.iˈɒt.ɪk/

Idiotic

idiotisch
Meaning
extremely stupid; foolish; senseless
Example
His idiotic behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
Sein idiotisches Verhalten hat alle bei der Besprechung in Verlegenheit gebracht.
B2 noun ɪnˈsɛntɪvz

incentives

Anreize
Meaning
Things that motivate or encourage one to do something.
Example
Tax incentives are used to encourage investment in renewable energy.
Steueranreize werden verwendet, um Investitionen in erneuerbare Energien zu fördern.
B2 noun /ɪnˈveɪʒən/

invasion

Invasion
Meaning
An instance of invading a country, region, or personal space with armed force or unwelcome presence.
Example
The army prepared for the possibility of an invasion.
Die Armee bereitete sich auf die Möglichkeit einer Invasion vor.
B2 verb /ɪnˈflɪkt/

inflict

zufügen
Meaning
to cause something unpleasant or painful to be suffered by someone or something
Example
The storm inflicted considerable damage to the city.
Der Sturm fügte der Stadt erheblichen Schaden zu.
B2 noun /ˈaɪrəni/

irony

Ironie
Meaning
a situation that is strange or amusing because it is the opposite of what is expected; the use of words to convey the opposite meaning
Example
The irony of the situation was that the winner forgot his own prize.
Die Ironie der Situation war, dass der Gewinner seinen eigenen Preis vergessen hatte.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtɒlərənt/

intolerant

intolerant
Meaning
unwilling to accept or respect beliefs or behavior different from one's own
Example
He is intolerant of any opinion that differs from his own.
Er ist intolerant gegenüber jeder Meinung, die sich von seiner eigenen unterscheidet.
B2 noun /ɪnˈsɪstəns/

insistence

Insistenz
Meaning
the act of demanding something firmly or repeatedly
Example
At his insistence, we stayed longer.
Auf seine Insistenz hin blieben wir länger.
B2 verb /ˌɪntərˈviːn/

intervene

eingreifen
Meaning
To come between people, groups, or events, often to prevent conflict or improve a situation.
Example
The teacher had to intervene to stop the fight between the students.
Der Lehrer musste eingreifen, um den Kampf zwischen den Schülern zu stoppen.
B2 noun, verb /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəns/

inconvenience

Unannehmlichkeit
Meaning
trouble or difficulty caused to someone; to cause trouble or difficulty to someone
Example
We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the delay.
Wir entschuldigen uns für jede durch die Verzögerung verursachte Unannehmlichkeit.
B2 adjective /ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/

Intimate

intim; nahe; privat
Meaning
close in friendship; private and personal; detailed knowledge
Example
They have an intimate friendship that has lasted for decades.
Sie haben eine intime Freundschaft, die seit Jahrzehnten besteht.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒp.ər/

Improper

unangemessen; inkorrekt; ungeeignet
Meaning
inappropriate; incorrect; not suitable
Example
It would be improper to discuss personal matters in a business meeting.
Es wäre unangemessen, in einer Geschäftssitzung persönliche Angelegenheiten zu besprechen.
B2 noun /ˈɪnˌteɪk/

intake

aufnahme
Meaning
the process of taking something in, especially food or drink
Example
He monitored his daily intake of calories to maintain a healthy diet.
Er überwachte seine tägliche Kalorienaufnahme, um eine gesunde Ernährung beizubehalten.
B2 adjective ˌɪnɪˈfɛktɪv

ineffective

ineffektiv
Meaning
Not producing any significant or desired effect; not achieving the intended result.
Example
Rote learning often proves to be ineffective.
Auswendiglernen erweist sich oft als ineffektiv.
B2 verb /ɪmˈpoʊz/

impose

auferlegen
Meaning
to force someone to accept something; to establish or apply by authority
Example
The government imposed new taxes on luxury goods.
Die Regierung hat neue Steuern auf Luxusgüter auferlegt.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmens/

Immense

immens; riesig; gewaltig
Meaning
extremely large or great; huge
Example
The immense mountain range stretched across the horizon.
Das immense Gebirgsmassiv erstreckte sich über den Horizont.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/

institutional

institutionell
Meaning
Relating to an organization or established practice.
Example
The government made several institutional reforms in education.
Die Regierung hat mehrere institutionelle Reformen im Bildungswesen durchgeführt.
B2 noun /ˈaɪkɒn/

icon

Ikone, Symbol
Meaning
A person or thing regarded as a symbol of something, or a graphic symbol on a screen.
Example
The singer became a cultural icon.
Der Sänger wurde zu einer kulturellen Ikone.
B2 noun /ˈɪnvənˌtɔːri/

inventory

Inventar
Meaning
A complete list of items, such as goods in stock or property.
Example
The shopkeeper checked the inventory before opening the store.
Der Ladenbesitzer hat das Inventar überprüft, bevor er den Laden öffnete.
B2 verb /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

inhabit

bewohnen
Meaning
to live in; to occupy as a dwelling
Example
Many animals inhabit the forest.
Viele Tiere bewohnen den Wald.
B2 adjective /aɪˈdentɪkəl/

Identical

identisch; genau gleich
Meaning
exactly the same; not different in any way
Example
The twins look completely identical to each other.
Die Zwillinge sehen völlig identisch aus.
B2 noun ɪnˈtɛɡrɪti

integrity

integrität
Meaning
The quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness.
Example
Teachers' integrity fosters a positive learning environment.
Die Integrität der Lehrer fördert ein positives Lernumfeld.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmædʒɪnəbl/

imaginable

vorstellbar
Meaning
Capable of being imagined or conceived.
Example
They offered every imaginable type of food at the festival.
Sie boten auf dem Festival jede erdenkliche Art von Essen an.
B2 noun /ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃən/

immigration

Einwanderung
Meaning
the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
Immigration policies vary from country to country.
Die Immigrationspolitik variiert von Land zu Land.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnəˈproʊpriət/

inappropriate

unangemessen
Meaning
not suitable or proper in the circumstances
Example
It was inappropriate to talk loudly in the library.
Es war unangemessen, in der Bibliothek laut zu sprechen.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənəl/

instructional

lehrreich
Meaning
providing knowledge or information; intended to teach
Example
The website offers many instructional videos for beginners.
Die Website bietet viele lehrreiche Videos für Anfänger an.
B2 noun /ɪnˈdʒɛkʃən/

injection

Injektion
Meaning
the act of introducing a substance into the body through a needle
Example
The nurse gave me an injection to prevent the infection.
Die Krankenschwester gab mir eine Injektion, um die Infektion zu verhindern.
B2 adjective /aɪˈrɒnɪkəl/

ironical

ironisch
Meaning
expressing irony; having the nature of irony
Example
Her ironical tone made everyone uncomfortable.
Ihr ironischer Ton machte alle unwohl.
B2 verb /ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/

immigrate

einwandern
Meaning
to come to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
He immigrated to Canada five years ago.
Er ist vor fünf Jahren nach Kanada eingewandert.
B2 noun /ɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

impatience

Ungeduld
Meaning
The state of being quickly irritated or unable to wait calmly.
Example
His impatience grew as the meeting dragged on.
Seine Ungeduld wuchs, als sich das Treffen in die Länge zog.
B2 noun /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

instinct

Instinkt
Meaning
A natural way of behaving or reacting that does not require learning.
Example
Birds build nests by instinct.
Vögel bauen ihre Nester aus Instinkt.
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

unendlich
Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
Das Universum scheint sich ins Unendliche auszudehnen.
B2 noun /ɪnˌtɜːrprəˈteɪʃən/

interpretation

Interpretation
Meaning
the action of explaining the meaning of something
Example
The teacher gave her own interpretation of the poem.
Die Lehrerin gab ihre eigene Interpretation des Gedichts.
B2 verb aɪˈdɛntɪfaɪd

identified

identifiziert
Meaning
To recognize or establish who or what someone or something is.
Example
The root causes of the issue need to be identified.
Die Grundursachen des Problems müssen identifiziert werden.
B2 noun /ɪˈluː.ʒən/

Illusion

Illusion
Meaning
a thing that is or is likely to be wrongly perceived or interpreted; a false idea or belief
Example
The magician created a spectacular illusion that made the elephant appear to vanish.
Der Magier erschuf eine spektakuläre Illusion, die den Elefanten verschwinden ließ.
B2 noun ɪˈlɪtərəsi

illiteracy

Illiteralismus
Meaning
The inability to read and write; lack of education or knowledge in a particular area.
Example
Illiteracy often leads to poverty and unemployment.
Illiteralismus führt oft zu Armut und Arbeitslosigkeit.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

impatiently

ungeduldig
Meaning
in a manner showing annoyance or restlessness due to delay or waiting
Example
She tapped her fingers impatiently while waiting for the reply.
Sie klopfte ungeduldig mit den Fingern, während sie auf die Antwort wartete.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

insufficient

unzureichend
Meaning
Not enough; inadequate.
Example
His explanation was insufficient to clear the confusion.
Seine Erklärung war unzureichend, um die Verwirrung zu klären.
B2 noun ˌɪr.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən

irrigation

bewässerung
Meaning
The artificial application of water to land or soil.
Example
Irrigation systems improve crop yields in dry regions.
Bewässerungssysteme verbessern die Erträge in trockenen Regionen.
B2 noun /ˌɪmpərˈfɛkʃən/

imperfection

Unvollkommenheit
Meaning
a flaw, defect, or weakness; the state of being imperfect
Example
She accepted her imperfection as part of being human.
Sie akzeptierte ihre Unvollkommenheit als Teil des Menschseins.
B2 noun ˌɪn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən

installation

Installation
Meaning
The action or process of installing someone or something, or of being installed.
Example
The installation of the submarine cable is almost complete.
Die Installation des Unterseekabels ist fast abgeschlossen.
B2 noun ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti

inequality

Ungleichheit
Meaning
Difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality.
Example
The theme of inequality is prominent throughout the story.
Das Thema der Ungleichheit ist throughout in der Geschichte wichtig.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmætʃʊr/

Immature

unreif; nicht vollständig entwickelt; kindlich
Meaning
not fully developed; lacking emotional or intellectual development; childish
Example
His immature behavior during the meeting disappointed everyone.
Sein unreifes Verhalten während des Treffens enttäuschte alle.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsətɪv/

insensitive

gefühllos
Meaning
Showing or feeling no concern for others' feelings.
Example
His insensitive comment hurt her deeply.
Sein gefühlloser Kommentar hat sie tief verletzt.
B2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃən/

intersection

Kreuzung
Meaning
a point where two or more things intersect, especially a road or path
Example
The intersection of Main Street and 5th Avenue is always busy.
Die Kreuzung der Main Street und der 5th Avenue ist immer befahren.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

imperfect

unvollkommen
Meaning
Not perfect; having faults or flaws.
Example
The painting was beautiful despite being imperfect.
Das Gemälde war schön, obwohl es unvollkommen war.
B2 verb /ɪnˈstrʌkt/

instruct

anweisen
Meaning
to teach; to give directions
Example
The teacher instructed the students carefully.
Der Lehrer wies die Schüler sorgfältig an.
B2 noun ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən

inflammation

Entzündung
Meaning
A localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful.
Example
Chronic inflammation can lead to severe diseases.
Chronische Entzündung kann zu schweren Krankheiten führen.
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɛkt/

infect

infizieren
Meaning
To contaminate with a disease-causing organism.
Example
The virus can infect healthy people quickly.
Das Virus kann gesunde Menschen schnell infizieren.
B2 verb /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/

initiate

einleiten
Meaning
to begin or start; to introduce someone to a new activity
Example
The company will initiate a new training program.
Das Unternehmen wird ein neues Schulungsprogramm einleiten.
B2 noun ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər

infrastructure

infrastruktur
Meaning
The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Example
Digital infrastructure is vital for future advancements.
Digitale Infrastruktur ist entscheidend für zukünftige Fortschritte.
B2 adverb /aɪˈrɒnɪkli/

ironically

ironischerweise
Meaning
in a way that is contrary to what is expected or intended
Example
Ironically, the fire station burned down.
Ironischerweise brannte die Feuerwache nieder.
B2 noun /ɪmˈpɒlɪtnəs/

impoliteness

Unhöflichkeit
Meaning
lack of good manners or courtesy; rude behavior
Example
His impoliteness towards the guests shocked everyone.
Seine Unhöflichkeit gegenüber den Gästen schockierte alle.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɜː.prə.tər/

Interpreter

Dolmetscher; Übersetzer;
Meaning
a person who translates orally from one language into another; someone who explains meaning
Example
The international conference hired professional interpreters to translate speeches in real time.
Die internationale Konferenz engagierte professionelle Dolmetscher, um Reden in Echtzeit zu übersetzen.
B2 noun /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/ or /ˈɪnkwəri/

inquiry

Untersuchung / Anfrage
Meaning
An act of asking for information; an investigation into something.
Example
The committee launched an inquiry into the financial irregularities.
Der Ausschuss leitete eine Untersuchung der finanziellen Unregelmäßigkeiten ein.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

insignificant

unbedeutend
Meaning
Too small or unimportant to be worth considering.
Example
The cost was so insignificant that nobody noticed it.
Die Kosten waren so unbedeutend, dass niemand sie bemerkte.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt/

Inconvenient

unbequem; störend; problematisch
Meaning
causing trouble, difficulties, or discomfort; awkward; troublesome
Example
The broken elevator made it inconvenient to reach the top floor.
Der kaputte Aufzug machte es unbequem, den obersten Stock zu erreichen.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ/

intriguing

sehr interessant und ungewöhnlich; weckt Neugier
Meaning
very interesting and unusual; arousing curiosity
Example
The movie has an intriguing plot that keeps the audience hooked.
Der Film hat eine interessante Handlung, die das Publikum fesselt.
B2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪdə/

insider

Insider
Meaning
a person within a group or organization who has access to confidential information
Example
He was an insider who knew all the company's secrets.
Er war ein Insider, der alle Geheimnisse der Firma kannte.
B2 adjective ˌɪnstrəˈmɛntl

instrumental

instrumentell
Meaning
Serving as a crucial means, agent, or tool; having a part in bringing about a result.
Example
Children can be instrumental in building a better society.
Kinder können bei der Schaffung einer besseren Gesellschaft eine wichtige Rolle spielen.
B2 noun /ˈɪnfənt/

infant

Säugling
Meaning
A very young child or baby.
Example
The infant was sleeping peacefully in the cradle.
Der Säugling schlief friedlich im Kinderbett.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈfɪə.ri.ər/

inferior

minderwertig
Meaning
Of lower quality, rank, or status.
Example
This material is inferior to the one we used before.
Dieses Material ist minderwertiger als das, das wir vorher verwendet haben.
B2 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/

irritated

gereizt
Meaning
feeling annoyed or impatient; having inflamed or sore physical condition
Example
She felt irritated by the constant noise outside her window.
Sie war durch den ständigen Lärm gereizt.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

incomplete

unvollständig
Meaning
Not finished, lacking some parts or not whole.
Example
Her report was incomplete and needed further details.
Ihr Bericht war unvollständig und brauchte weitere Details.
B2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nər.əns/

Ignorance

Unwissenheit
Meaning
lack of knowledge or information; the state of being uninformed about something
Example
His ignorance about basic computer skills made it difficult for him to find a job.
Seine Unwissenheit über grundlegende Computerkenntnisse erschwerte es ihm, einen Job zu finden.
B2 noun /aɪˈdiː/

id

Ausweis
Meaning
identification; a document or number used to prove who someone is
Example
Please show your ID at the entrance.
Bitte zeigen Sie Ihren Ausweis am Eingang.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈædɪkwət/

inadequate

unzureichend
Meaning
Not sufficient or good enough.
Example
The funding was inadequate to complete the project.
Die Finanzierung war unzureichend, um das Projekt abzuschließen.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/

inclusive

inklusiv
Meaning
Including all the services, facilities, or items normally expected or required; not excluding any section of society or any party involved.
Example
Inclusive growth benefits all sections of society.
Inklusives Wachstum kommt allen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen zugute.
B2 verb /ɪnˈdʌldʒ/

indulge

sich hingeben
Meaning
to allow oneself to enjoy something enjoyable, often excessively
Example
He indulged in a piece of chocolate cake after dinner.
Er hat nach dem Abendessen ein Stück Schokoladenkuchen genossen.
B2 verb /ˈɪr.ɪ.teɪt/

irritate

ärgern
Meaning
To make someone annoyed or angry; to cause discomfort or inflammation.
Example
Rubbing your eyes can irritate them.
Wenn du deine Augen reibst, kann es sie reizen.
B2 adjective /ˈaɪsi/

Icy

eisig; extrem kalt; feindlich
Meaning
extremely cold; covered with ice; unfriendly or hostile
Example
The icy wind made everyone shiver.
Der eisige Wind ließ alle zittern.
B2 adjective/noun /ɪˈrɑːki/

iraqi

irakisch
Meaning
relating to Iraq or its people
Example
The Iraqi culture is rich and diverse.
Die irakische Kultur ist reich und vielfältig.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊə/

insecure

unsicher
Meaning
not confident or assured; uncertain and anxious
Example
She felt insecure about her performance in the exam.
Sie fühlte sich unsicher über ihre Leistung in der Prüfung.
B2 adjective /ˈɪmɪnənt/

imminent

unmittelbar
Meaning
About to happen; likely to occur very soon.
Example
Dark clouds signaled that a storm was imminent.
Dunkle Wolken signalisierten, dass ein Sturm unmittelbar bevorstand.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtækt/

intact

intakt
Meaning
Remaining whole, complete, and undamaged.
Example
Despite the storm, the old house remained intact.
Trotz des Sturms blieb das alte Haus intakt.