C1 adjective /ɪnˈsteɪbəl/

instable

instabil

Meaning

not stable; liable to change, collapse, or fail; lacking firmness or reliability

Example

The instable political situation worried foreign investors.

Die instabile politische Lage beunruhigte ausländische Investoren.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

unfehlbar

Meaning

incapable of making mistakes or being wrong

Example

Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.

Ihr Urteil schien in finanziellen Angelegenheiten unfehlbar.

C1 noun /ˈɪnlɛt/

inlet

Einlass

Meaning

A small arm of the sea, a lake, or a river; an opening or passage for entry.

Example

The boat entered a narrow inlet along the coast.

Das Boot fuhr in einen engen Einlass entlang der Küste.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

unzulässig

Meaning

Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.

Example

The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.

Der Richter erklärte das Beweismaterial für unzulässig.

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfɛnsəbl̩/

indefensible

unverteidbar

Meaning

not able to be protected or justified

Example

The minister’s remarks were considered indefensible by the public.

Die Bemerkungen des Ministers wurden von der Öffentlichkeit als unverteidbar angesehen.

C1 noun (plural) /ˈɪndɪˌsiːz/

indices

Indizes

Meaning

plural form of index; statistical measures or reference points used for comparison

Example

Stock market indices fell sharply after the announcement.

Die Indizes des Aktienmarkts fielen nach der Bekanntgabe stark.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæsəbəl/

impassable

unpassierbar

Meaning

Impossible to travel along or over.

Example

The road became impassable after the heavy snowfall.

Die Straße wurde nach dem schweren Schneefall unpassierbar.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpʌlsɪv/

impulsive

impulsiv, spontan

Meaning

acting suddenly without careful thought

Example

She made an impulsive decision to buy the car.

Sie traf eine impulsive Entscheidung, das Auto zu kaufen.

C1 noun /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

indignation

Empörung

Meaning

Strong displeasure or anger caused by something unjust, offensive, or insulting.

Example

Public indignation grew after the unfair verdict.

Öffentliche Empörung wuchs nach dem ungerechten Urteil.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈplɔːzəbl/

implausible

unplausibel

Meaning

Not seeming reasonable or probable; unlikely to be true.

Example

The story she told was so implausible that no one believed her.

Die Geschichte, die sie erzählte, war so unplausibel, dass niemand ihr glaubte.

C1 verb /ɪmˈpɜːrsəneɪt/

impersonate

sich ausgeben als

Meaning

to pretend to be another person in order to entertain or deceive

Example

He was arrested for trying to impersonate a police officer.

Er wurde verhaftet, weil er versuchte, einen Polizisten zu impersonieren.

C1 noun ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt

infrastructural development

infrastrukturelle Entwicklung

Meaning

The process of building and improving the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Example

Infrastructural development is necessary for efficient recycling.

Infrastrukturelle Entwicklung ist notwendig für effizientes Recycling.

C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səbˈstæn.ʃəl/

insubstantial

unwesentlich

Meaning

Lacking strength, substance, or solidity.

Example

The evidence provided was insubstantial and unconvincing.

Die bereitgestellten Beweise waren unwesentlich und wenig überzeugend.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːmiəbl/

impermeable

undurchlässig

Meaning

Not allowing fluid or gas to pass through.

Example

The container is made of impermeable plastic.

Der Behälter besteht aus undurchlässigem Kunststoff.

C1 noun ˈɪn.fər.əns

inference

Schlussfolgerung

Meaning

A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning; logical deduction.

Example

Scientists make inferences based on experimental data.

Wissenschaftler ziehen Schlussfolgerungen basierend auf experimentellen Daten.

C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

Unzulänglichkeit

Meaning

lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough

Example

She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.

Trotz ihrer starken Qualifikationen kämpfte sie bei der Arbeit mit Gefühlen der Unzulänglichkeit.

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/

Indecisive

unentschlossen

Meaning

unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering

Example

She was indecisive about which university to attend.

Sie war unentschlossen, welche Universität sie besuchen sollte.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrviəs/

impervious

undurchlässig

Meaning

Not allowing fluid to pass through; unable to be affected by something.

Example

The jacket is impervious to rain.

Die Jacke ist undurchlässig gegen Regen.

C1 adjective /ˈaɪərnˌklæd/

ironclad

eiserne

Meaning

impossible to change, break, or dispute; very strong and firm

Example

The company had an ironclad contract with its suppliers.

Das Unternehmen hatte einen eisernen Vertrag mit seinen Lieferanten.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/

instantaneous

sofortig

Meaning

Happening immediately, without any delay.

Example

The change in temperature was almost instantaneous.

Die Temperaturänderung war fast sofortig.

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæsɪv/

impassive

passiv

Meaning

Not showing or feeling emotion; expressionless.

Example

Despite the shocking news, she remained impassive.

Trotz der schockierenden Nachrichten blieb sie passiv.

C1 verb /ɪnˈstɪl/

instill

einflößen

Meaning

to gradually but firmly establish an idea, attitude, or habit in someone's mind

Example

Parents try to instill good values in their children.

Eltern versuchen, ihren Kindern gute Werte beizubringen.

C1 adjective /ˈɪmpjəd(ə)nt/

impudent

frech, unverschämt

Meaning

not showing due respect for another person; rude

Example

The impudent child talked back to the teacher.

Das freche Kind antwortete dem Lehrer.

C1 verb /ɪmˈpɪndʒ/

impinge

beeinflussen

Meaning

to have an effect or impact on something; to encroach or infringe

Example

The noise from the construction site impinges on our daily activities.

Der Lärm von der Baustelle beeinflusst unsere täglichen Aktivitäten.

C1 adjective ˈɪn.lənd

Inland

Binnen

Meaning

Situated in the interior of a country; away from the coast.

Example

Inland transport boosts local trade.

Binnenverkehr fördert den lokalen Handel.

C1 verb /ˈɪrɪˌɡeɪt/

irrigate

bewässern

Meaning

to supply water to land or crops; to wash out a wound with water

Example

Farmers irrigate their fields during dry seasons.

Bauern bewässern ihre Felder in der Trockenzeit.

C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

Inaktivität

Meaning

the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action

Example

Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.

Längere Inaktivität kann die körperliche und geistige Gesundheit beeinträchtigen.

C1 adjective /ˌɪn.ɪˈfɛk.tʃu.əl/

ineffectual

ineffektiv

Meaning

Not producing any or the desired effect; lacking the ability or qualities to achieve a purpose.

Example

The manager’s ineffectual leadership caused the team to lose motivation.

Die ineffektive Führung des Managers führte dazu, dass das Team die Motivation verlor.

C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

Unentschlossenheit; Zweifel; Zögern

Meaning

the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do

Example

Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.

Ihre Unentschlossenheit, welches Jobangebot sie annehmen sollte, führte dazu, dass sie beide Gelegenheiten verpasste.

C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

Irrelevanz

Meaning

the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance

Example

His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.

Seine lange Erklärung zeigte nur die Irrelevanz der Details für das Hauptthema.

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

Indescribable

unbeschreiblich

Meaning

impossible to describe or express in words; beyond description

Example

The beauty of the sunset was indescribable.

Die Schönheit des Sonnenuntergangs war unbeschreiblich.

C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈspɛktɪv/

Irrespective

unabhängig; ohne Berücksichtigung

Meaning

without taking something into account; regardless of

Example

All students will be treated equally, irrespective of their background.

Alle Studenten werden gleich behandelt, unabhängig von ihrem Hintergrund.

C1 verb /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪt/

instigate

anstiften

Meaning

To bring about or initiate an action, often something negative.

Example

He was accused of instigating the riot.

Er wurde beschuldigt, den Aufstand anzustiften.

C1 adjective /ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk/

Idealistic

idealistisch

Meaning

pursuing high principles or ideals; unrealistically optimistic

Example

She has an idealistic view of changing the world.

Sie hat eine idealistische Sicht darauf, die Welt zu verändern.

C1 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/

imbed

einbetten

Meaning

To fix firmly or deeply in a surrounding mass.

Example

The journalist imbedded himself with the troops to report firsthand.

Der Journalist hat sich mit den Truppen eingebettet, um aus erster Hand zu berichten.

C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

improvisieren

Meaning

To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.

Example

The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.

Der Schauspieler musste seine Zeilen improvisieren, als er das Skript vergessen hatte.

C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprɛsəbl̩/

irrepressible

unaufhaltsam

Meaning

Impossible to control or restrain.

Example

She had an irrepressible urge to laugh during the speech.

Sie konnte ihre unaufhaltsame Lust zu lachen während der Rede nicht verbergen.

C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

berüchtigt

Meaning

well known for some bad quality or deed

Example

The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.

Der Diktator war berüchtigt für seine Grausamkeit.

C1 adjective /ɪˈmuː.və.bəl/

immovable

unbeweglich

Meaning

Not able to be moved; fixed in position.

Example

Immovable barriers prevent change.

Unbewegliche Barrieren verhindern Veränderungen.

C1 noun /ɪnˈdjuːsmənt/

inducement

Anreiz

Meaning

something that persuades or encourages someone to do something

Example

The company offered a bonus as an inducement to employees.

Das Unternehmen bot einen Bonus als Anreiz für die Mitarbeiter an.

C1 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/

illumination

Beleuchtung

Meaning

the act of lighting something or making something clear

Example

The street was filled with bright illumination from the lamps.

Die Straße war durch die Lampen von hellem Licht erfüllt.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

instruktiv

Meaning

useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction

Example

The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.

Der Vortrag war sehr lehrreich und fesselnd.

C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnəns/

impertinence

Unverschämtheit

Meaning

lack of respect; rudeness

Example

The teacher was shocked by the student's impertinence.

Der Lehrer war schockiert über die Unverschämtheit des Schülers.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəl/

incidental

nebenkosten

Meaning

happening as a minor part or in connection with something else

Example

Incidental expenses like snacks and tips were included in the bill.

Nebenkosten wie Snacks und Trinkgelder wurden in die Rechnung aufgenommen.

C1 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indict

anklagen

Meaning

to formally accuse someone of committing a serious crime

Example

The grand jury decided to indict the politician for corruption.

Das Großgericht entschied, den Politiker wegen Korruption anzuklagen.

C1 noun /ˌɪrɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

irresponsibility

Verantwortungslosigkeit

Meaning

lack of responsibility or accountability; failure to act in a reliable or sensible way

Example

The accident was caused by his irresponsibility at work.

Der Unfall wurde durch seine Verantwortungslosigkeit bei der Arbeit verursacht.

C1 noun ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən

insulation

Isolierung

Meaning

Material used to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from being transmitted from one area to another.

Example

Insulation of food storage areas can prevent pests from entering.

Die Isolierung von Lebensmittel-Lagerbereichen kann verhindern, dass Schädlinge eindringen.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

indignant

empört

Meaning

Feeling or showing anger at something considered unfair or unjust.

Example

She was indignant when accused of cheating.

Sie war empört, als sie des Schummelns beschuldigt wurde.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈtɛntɪv/

inattentive

unaufmerksam

Meaning

not paying attention; lacking focus or concentration

Example

The inattentive student missed several important instructions.

Der unaufmerksame Schüler verpasste mehrere wichtige Anweisungen.

C1 noun /ˌɪnfɪˈdɛləti/

infidelity

Untreue

Meaning

the act of being unfaithful to a spouse or partner

Example

Their marriage ended due to his infidelity.

Ihre Ehe endete wegen seiner Untreue.

C1 noun ɪnˌten.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

intensification

Intensivierung

Meaning

The process of becoming or making something more intense or extreme.

Example

The intensification of climate change requires urgent action.

Die Intensivierung des Klimawandels erfordert dringende Maßnahmen.

C1 verb /ɪmˈplɔːr/

implore

bitten

Meaning

To beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something.

Example

She implored him to stay with her.

Sie bat ihn verzweifelt, bei ihr zu bleiben.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

unentschuldbar

Meaning

Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.

Example

His rude behavior was inexcusable.

Sein unhöfliches Verhalten war unentschuldbar.

C1 adjective /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/

innocuous

harmlos

Meaning

Not harmful or offensive.

Example

His remark was completely innocuous and not meant to offend anyone.

Seine Bemerkung war völlig harmlos und nicht dazu gedacht, jemanden zu beleidigen.

C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

übrigens

Meaning

by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject

Example

Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?

Übrigens, wusstest du, dass sie in Paris studiert hat?

C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːɡjərəl/

Inaugural

eröffnend

Meaning

marking the beginning of something; first; opening

Example

The president delivered his inaugural speech.

Der Präsident hielt seine Eröffnungsrede.

C1 noun /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

inconsistency

Inkonsistenz

Meaning

The quality of being contradictory, irregular, or not staying the same.

Example

There is an inconsistency between his words and actions.

Es gibt eine Inkonsistenz zwischen seinen Worten und Taten.

C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

idyllisch und schön

Meaning

Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.

Example

They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.

Sie genossen einen idyllischen Urlaub am Meer.

C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːʃən/

insertion

Einfügung

Meaning

the action of inserting something into something else

Example

The insertion of the new data was completed successfully.

Die Einfügung der neuen Daten wurde erfolgreich abgeschlossen.

C1 adjective ɪˈneɪt

Innate

angeboren oder natürlich

Meaning

Existing from birth or natural

Example

She has an innate talent for music.

Sie hat ein angeborenes Talent für Musik.

C1 verb /ɪnˈklaɪn/

incline

neigen

Meaning

to feel willing or favorably disposed toward something; to bend or tilt

Example

She is inclined to agree with the proposal.

Sie ist geneigt, dem Vorschlag zuzustimmen.

C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪm/

inflame

entzünden

Meaning

to arouse strong feelings or provoke anger; to cause inflammation in the body

Example

The politician's remarks served to inflame public opinion.

Die Bemerkungen des Politikers haben dazu beigetragen, die öffentliche Meinung zu entflammen.

C1 noun /ˈɪrɪtənt/

irritant

reizstoff

Meaning

something that causes irritation or discomfort

Example

Dust is a common irritant for people with allergies.

Staub ist ein häufiger Reizstoff für Menschen mit Allergien.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrmənəbl/

interminable

unendlich

Meaning

Seemingly endless; having no apparent end.

Example

The meeting felt interminable and exhausting.

Das Treffen schien unendlich und ermüdend.

C1 noun /ˌɪnɪkˈspɪəriəns/

inexperience

Unerfahrenheit

Meaning

Lack of knowledge or skill in a particular activity or field.

Example

His inexperience in handling negotiations was evident.

Seine Unerfahrenheit im Umgang mit Verhandlungen war offensichtlich.

C1 adjective ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk

intrinsic

intrinsisch, wesentlich, natürlich

Meaning

Belonging naturally; essential. Existing as a natural or basic part of something.

Example

Creativity is an intrinsic quality of a great artist.

Kreativität ist eine intrinsische Eigenschaft eines großartigen Künstlers.

C1 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɑːɡətɪv/

interrogative

interrogativ

Meaning

Relating to or conveying a question; in grammar, used to form questions.

Example

She raised an interrogative eyebrow when she heard the news.

Sie hob eine interrogative Augenbraue, als sie die Nachricht hörte.

C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜː.mə.ti/

Infirmity

Schwäche; Krankheit; Gebrechlichkeit

Meaning

physical or mental weakness; a disease or ailment; frailty

Example

Despite his advanced age and various infirmities, he remained mentally sharp and alert.

Trotz seines fortgeschrittenen Alters und verschiedener Gebrechen blieb er geistig scharf und wachsam.

C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜː.mə.nəns/

impermanence

Vergänglichkeit

Meaning

The state or fact of lasting for only a limited period of time.

Example

The philosophy of Buddhism emphasizes the impermanence of life.

Die buddhistische Philosophie betont die Vergänglichkeit des Lebens.

C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/

Inborn

angeboren; von Geburt an; inherenz

Meaning

existing from birth; natural; inherent

Example

She has an inborn talent for music.

Sie hat ein angeborenes Talent für Musik.

C1 verb /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/

inhibit

hemmen

Meaning

to prevent or restrain someone or something from acting freely; to hinder

Example

Fear can inhibit personal growth.

Angst kann das persönliche Wachstum hemmen.

C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

Anstiftung

Meaning

the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior

Example

He was arrested for incitement to riot.

Er wurde wegen Anstiftung zur Gewalt verhaftet.

C1 adjective ˌɪdiəsɪnˈkrætɪk

idiosyncratic

eigenartig und individuell

Meaning

Relating to idiosyncrasy; peculiar or individual.

Example

His idiosyncratic behavior set him apart from his colleagues.

Sein idiosynkratisches Verhalten unterschied ihn von seinen Kollegen.

C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

Stillstand

Meaning

A situation where no progress is possible.

Example

The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.

Die Verhandlungen erreichten einen Stillstand, der die Vereinbarung verzögerte.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/

insidious

heimtückisch

Meaning

Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way but with harmful effects.

Example

The insidious spread of misinformation can damage trust.

Die heimtückische Verbreitung von Fehlinformationen kann das Vertrauen schädigen.

C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

inkognito

Meaning

In disguise or with one's identity concealed.

Example

The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.

Der Promi reiste inkognito, um den Paparazzi zu entkommen.

C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl/

indivisible

unteilbar

Meaning

Not able to be divided or separated.

Example

The country's unity was indivisible despite differences.

Die Einheit des Landes war trotz der Unterschiede unteilbar.

C1 verb /ɪnˈterəˌɡeɪt/

interrogate

verhören

Meaning

to ask someone questions in a thorough and formal way; to question intensively

Example

The police interrogated the suspect for hours.

Die Polizei hat den Verdächtigen stundenlang verhört.

C1 verb /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/

illuminate

beleuchten

Meaning

To light up or make something clearer.

Example

Streetlights illuminate the road at night.

Straßenlaternen beleuchten die Straße in der Nacht.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌktɪv/

inductive

induktiv

Meaning

characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances; reasoning from specific cases to general principles

Example

The scientist used inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis.

Der Wissenschaftler verwendete induktives Denken, um eine Hypothese zu formulieren.

C1 noun /ˌɪndɪˈdʒɛstʃən/

indigestion

Verdauungsstörung

Meaning

Discomfort or pain in the stomach associated with difficulty in digesting food.

Example

He avoided spicy food because it often gave him indigestion.

Er vermied scharfes Essen, weil es ihm oft Verdauungsstörungen verursachte.

C1 noun /ˌɪnflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/

inflexibility

Unflexibilität

Meaning

the quality of being rigid or unwilling to change; lack of adaptability

Example

The inflexibility of the rules caused unnecessary delays.

Die Unflexibilität der Regeln verursachte unnötige Verzögerungen.

C1 verb /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/

insinuate

insinuieren

Meaning

To suggest or hint something indirectly and often unpleasantly.

Example

He insinuated that she had lied about her qualifications.

Er insinuierte, dass sie über ihre Qualifikationen gelogen hatte.

C1 adjective /ˈɪntrɪkət/

intricate

komplex

Meaning

very detailed, complex, and difficult to understand

Example

The artist created an intricate pattern on the wall.

Der Künstler hat ein komplexes Muster an die Wand gemalt.

C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

Inquisition

Meaning

A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.

Example

The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.

Der Journalist wurde einem harten Verhör durch das Panel über seine Quellen unterzogen.

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪlɪti/

impossibility

Unmöglichkeit

Meaning

the state or fact of being impossible; something that cannot be done or achieved

Example

Finishing the project in one day was an impossibility.

Das Projekt an einem Tag zu beenden war eine Unmöglichkeit.

C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvəkəbl/

irrevocable

unwiderruflich

Meaning

Not able to be revoked, changed, or undone.

Example

She made an irrevocable decision to leave the company.

Sie traf eine unwiderrufliche Entscheidung, das Unternehmen zu verlassen.

C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl̩ ˈkɒmpɪtənsi

indispensable competency

unverzichtbare Kompetenz

Meaning

Essential skill or ability that cannot be done without; a crucial capability that is absolutely necessary.

Example

Digital literacy is an indispensable competency in the 21st century.

Digitale Kompetenz ist eine unverzichtbare Kompetenz im 21. Jahrhundert.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɛrənt/

inherent

innehrent

Meaning

Existing in something as a natural, permanent, or essential quality.

Example

There are inherent risks in extreme sports.

Es gibt inhärente Risiken bei Extremsportarten.

C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

eintauchen

Meaning

To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.

Example

Immerse yourself in the new language.

Tauche in die neue Sprache ein.

C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːrdənət/

inordinate

übermäßig

Meaning

Excessive or unusually large in degree.

Example

She spent an inordinate amount of time on her phone.

Sie verbrachte eine übermäßige Zeit mit ihrem Telefon.

C1 adjective ˌɪn.trəˈspek.tɪv

introspective

introspektiv

Meaning

Characterized by or given to introspection; examining one's own thoughts and feelings.

Example

Writers tend to be highly introspective individuals.

Schriftsteller neigen dazu, hochgradig introspektive Individuen zu sein.

C1 noun /ˌɪməˈrælɪti/

immorality

Unmoral

Meaning

the quality of being immoral; behavior that violates accepted moral standards

Example

The community condemned the immorality of the corrupt officials.

Die Gemeinschaft verurteilte die Unmoral der korrupten Beamten.

C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

Identitätsdiebstahl

Meaning

The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.

Example

Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.

Online-Identitätsdiebstahl ist ein ernstes Cyberverbrechen.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bəl/

Invariable

unveränderlich; konstant; immer gleich

Meaning

never changing; constant; always the same

Example

His invariable routine includes morning exercise and coffee.

Seine unveränderliche Routine umfasst morgendliche Übungen und Kaffee.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈhjuːmən/

Inhuman

unmenschlich

Meaning

lacking human qualities; cruel; brutal; savage

Example

The dictator's inhuman treatment of prisoners shocked the international community.

Die unmenschliche Behandlung der Gefangenen durch den Diktator schockierte die internationale Gemeinschaft.

C1 adjective ɪˈluː.sər.i

illusory

illusorisch

Meaning

Based on illusion; not real although seeming to be.

Example

His sense of security was entirely illusory.

Sein Gefühl der Sicherheit war völlig illusorisch.

C1 adjective ɪmˈpɛkəbl

impeccable

makellos

Meaning

In accordance with the highest standards; faultless.

Example

His impeccable taste in fashion was admired by all his peers.

Sein makelloser Geschmack in der Mode wurde von allen seinen Kollegen bewundert.

C1 adjective ˌɪn.tə.dʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən.əl

intergenerational

intergenerationell, zwischen verschiedenen Generationen einer Familie

Meaning

Existing or occurring between different generations of a family.

Example

Intergenerational wisdom ensures cultural continuity.

Intergenerationelles Wissen sichert kulturelle Kontinuität.

C1 adverb ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪ.kli

intrinsically

intrinsisch

Meaning

In a way that is naturally or inherently part of something's essential nature.

Example

Some people are intrinsically motivated to learn.

Einige Menschen sind intrinsisch motiviert zu lernen.

C1 noun/verb /ˈɪmprɪnt/

imprint

Prägung

Meaning

A mark or impression made by pressure; to establish or fix firmly in someone's mind.

Example

The event left an indelible imprint on the city's history.

Das Ereignis hinterließ eine unauslöschliche Prägung in der Geschichte der Stadt.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdetɪd/

Indebted

verschuldet; dankbar

Meaning

owing money or gratitude to someone; obligated; grateful

Example

I am deeply indebted to my teacher for all her guidance.

Ich bin meiner Lehrerin tief verbunden für ihre ganze Führung.

C1 adjective ˈɪn.tər.ɪm

interim

interimistisch

Meaning

In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.

Example

Interim governments manage transitional phases.

Interim-Regierungen verwalten Übergangsphasen.

C1 adjective /ˌɪnɔːrˈɡænɪk/

inorganic

anorganisch

Meaning

relating to substances that are not derived from living organisms; lacking organic structure or growth

Example

Inorganic compounds are commonly studied in chemistry labs.

Anorganische Verbindungen sind wichtig in der Chemie.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs/

injurious

schädlich

Meaning

Causing or likely to cause harm or damage.

Example

Smoking is injurious to health.

Rauchen ist schädlich für die Gesundheit.

C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛd.ɪ.mənt/

impediment

Hindernis

Meaning

A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; something that prevents progress.

Example

Lack of funds is a major impediment to the project.

Der Mangel an Mitteln ist ein großes Hindernis für das Projekt.

C1 noun /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪtər/

instigator

Anstifter

Meaning

A person who brings about or initiates something, usually something bad.

Example

The police identified him as the instigator of the violence.

Die Polizei identifizierte ihn als den Anstifter der Gewalt.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtræk.tə.bəl/

intractable

unlösbar

Meaning

Difficult or impossible to manage, control, or solve.

Example

The conflict has become an intractable problem.

Der Konflikt ist zu einem unlösbaren Problem geworden.

C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

neugierig

Meaning

Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.

Example

The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.

Das neugierige Kind stellte unzählige Fragen über die Sterne.

C1 noun /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/

intestine

Darm

Meaning

The part of the digestive system where food is digested and absorbed, extending from the stomach to the anus.

Example

The doctor explained how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.

Der Arzt erklärte, wie Nährstoffe im Dünndarm aufgenommen werden.

C1 noun /ɪmˈbæl.əns/

Imbalance

Ungleichgewicht

Meaning

lack of proportion or relation between corresponding things; unequal distribution

Example

The doctor said the patient's dizziness was caused by an inner ear imbalance.

Der Arzt sagte, dass die Schwindelgefühle des Patienten durch ein Ungleichgewicht im Innenohr verursacht wurden.

C1 noun /ˌɪmɔːrˈtæləti/

immortality

Unsterblichkeit

Meaning

the state of living forever; eternal life or lasting fame beyond death

Example

Many ancient cultures believed that heroes could achieve immortality through great deeds.

Viele alte Kulturen glaubten, dass Helden durch große Taten Unsterblichkeit erlangen können.

Komplexität

Meaning

the quality of being very detailed or complicated

Example

The intricacy of the design impressed everyone.

Die Komplexität des Designs beeindruckte alle.