Idealism
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C1 noun /aɪˈdiː.ə.lɪ.zəm/

Idealism

Idealismus
Meaning
the pursuit of high principles and noble goals; unrealistic pursuit of perfection
Example
His youthful idealism motivated him to join various social justice movements.
Sein jugendlicher Idealismus motivierte ihn, sich verschiedenen sozialen Gerechtigkeitsbewegungen anzuschließen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈtɛntɪv/

inattentive

unaufmerksam
Meaning
not paying attention; lacking focus or concentration
Example
The inattentive student missed several important instructions.
Der unaufmerksame Schüler verpasste mehrere wichtige Anweisungen.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvæljʊəbl/

invaluable

unbezahlbar
Meaning
Extremely useful or indispensable.
Example
Her advice proved invaluable to my success.
Ihr Rat erwies sich als unbezahlbar für meinen Erfolg.
C1 adjective /ɪˈræʃənəl/

irrational

irrational
Meaning
not logical or reasonable; lacking clear thought
Example
His fear of the dark was completely irrational.
Seine Angst vor der Dunkelheit war völlig irrational.
C1 noun ˌɪn.toʊˈneɪ.ʃən

intonation

Intonation
Meaning
The rise and fall of tone in speech and pronunciation.
Example
Proper intonation enhances the clarity of a speech.
Die richtige Intonation verbessert die Klarheit einer Rede.
C1 noun /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪtər/

instigator

Anstifter
Meaning
A person who brings about or initiates something, usually something bad.
Example
The police identified him as the instigator of the violence.
Die Polizei identifizierte ihn als den Anstifter der Gewalt.
C1 adjective, noun /ɪnˈdɪkətɪv/

indicative

indikativ
Meaning
Serving as a sign or expression of something; in grammar, a mood used to make factual statements.
Example
His tone was indicative of his frustration.
Sein Ton war indikativ für seine Frustration.
C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

Ineffizienz
Meaning
The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.
Example
Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.
Regierungsineffizienz führt zu langsamer Projektfertigstellung.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/

inconclusive

unentschieden
Meaning
Not leading to a definite result or decision.
Example
The investigation remained inconclusive due to a lack of evidence.
Die Untersuchung blieb unentschieden wegen eines Beweisfehlens.
C1 noun ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən

insulation

Isolierung
Meaning
Material used to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from being transmitted from one area to another.
Example
Insulation of food storage areas can prevent pests from entering.
Die Isolierung von Lebensmittel-Lagerbereichen kann verhindern, dass Schädlinge eindringen.
C1 noun ˌɪn.fɪlˈtreɪ.ʃən

infiltration

Infiltration, heimlicher Zugang
Meaning
The process of entering or gaining access to an organization or place surreptitiously.
Example
Cybersecurity prevents infiltration into sensitive data.
Cybersicherheit verhindert die Infiltration in sensible Daten.
C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

innerlich
Meaning
In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.
Example
She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.
Sie lächelte äußerlich, aber innerlich war sie besorgt.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːʃən/

insertion

Einfügung
Meaning
the action of inserting something into something else
Example
The insertion of the new data was completed successfully.
Die Einfügung der neuen Daten wurde erfolgreich abgeschlossen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtwaɪnd/

intertwined

Glück
Meaning
closely connected or twisted together
Example
Their lives became deeply intertwined after the accident.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsiːvəbl̩/

inconceivable

unvorstellbar
Meaning
Impossible to imagine or believe; beyond comprehension.
Example
It seemed inconceivable that she could finish the marathon after such little training.
Es schien unvorstellbar, dass sie den Marathon nach so wenig Training beenden könnte.
C1 adjective ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪbəl

inexhaustible

unerschöpflich
Meaning
Unable to be used up or worn out; limitless.
Example
His inexhaustible energy allowed him to work tirelessly on his projects.
Seine unerschöpfliche Energie ermöglichte es ihm, unermüdlich an seinen Projekten zu arbeiten.
C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

illegitim
Meaning
Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.
Example
The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.
Das Gericht entschied, dass der Vertrag illegitim war.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.əns/

Indifference

indifferenz; gleichgültigkeit; apathie
Meaning
lack of interest, concern, or sympathy; the state of not caring about something
Example
His indifference to his studies resulted in poor grades throughout the semester.
Seine Indifferenz gegenüber seinen Studien führte zu schlechten Noten im gesamten Semester.
C1 verb /ɪˈnɔːɡjʊreɪt/

inaugurate

einweihen
Meaning
To formally begin or introduce something, especially with a ceremony.
Example
The mayor will inaugurate the new bridge tomorrow.
Der Bürgermeister wird morgen die neue Brücke einweihen.
C1 adjective ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs

ingenious

genial
Meaning
Showing inventiveness and skill; clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenious ideas transformed modern physics.
Seine genialen Ideen verwandelten die moderne Physik.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜː.mə.ti/

Infirmity

Schwäche; Krankheit; Gebrechlichkeit
Meaning
physical or mental weakness; a disease or ailment; frailty
Example
Despite his advanced age and various infirmities, he remained mentally sharp and alert.
Trotz seines fortgeschrittenen Alters und verschiedener Gebrechen blieb er geistig scharf und wachsam.
C1 noun /ɪˈmɜː.ʃən/

immersion

Eintauchen
Meaning
Complete engagement in an environment or experience.
Example
Immersion in VR games makes users feel like they are inside the virtual world.
Das Eintauchen in VR-Spiele lässt die Benutzer das Gefühl haben, als wären sie in der virtuellen Welt.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈprɒmp.tjuː/

impromptu

spontan
Meaning
Done without being planned, organized, or rehearsed; spontaneous.
Example
He gave an impromptu speech at the event.
Er hielt eine spontane Rede bei der Veranstaltung.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmp(ə)rəbl/

incomparable

unvergleichlich
Meaning
Without an equal in quality or excellence; matchless.
Example
The view from the mountain was incomparable.
Der Ausblick vom Berg war unvergleichlich.
C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌluːd/

interlude

Zwischenakt
Meaning
A short period of time that comes between two events; an interval.
Example
There was a brief musical interlude between the two acts of the play.
Es gab ein kurzes musikalisches Intermezzo zwischen den beiden Akten des Stücks.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

introvertiert
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
Als Introvertierter bevorzugte er es, zu lesen, anstatt zu Partys zu gehen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɜːrʒən/

incursion

Invasion
Meaning
A sudden attack or invasion into a place or territory.
Example
The army repelled the enemy incursion at the border.
Die Armee schlug die feindliche Invasion an der Grenze zurück.
C1 verb /ɪnˈstɪl/

instill

einflößen
Meaning
to gradually but firmly establish an idea, attitude, or habit in someone's mind
Example
Parents try to instill good values in their children.
Eltern versuchen, ihren Kindern gute Werte beizubringen.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈvɜːr.ʒən/

introversion

Introversion
Meaning
The tendency to be inward-looking and shy, preferring solitary activities.
Example
Her introversion made it difficult for her to enjoy large parties.
Ihre Introversion machte es ihr schwer, große Partys zu genießen.
C1 noun /ˌɪnflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/

inflexibility

Unflexibilität
Meaning
the quality of being rigid or unwilling to change; lack of adaptability
Example
The inflexibility of the rules caused unnecessary delays.
Die Unflexibilität der Regeln verursachte unnötige Verzögerungen.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːmiəbl/

impermeable

undurchlässig
Meaning
Not allowing fluid or gas to pass through.
Example
The container is made of impermeable plastic.
Der Behälter besteht aus undurchlässigem Kunststoff.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɛpt/

inept

ungeschickt
Meaning
lacking skill or ability; clumsy or incompetent
Example
His inept handling of the situation made it worse.
Sein ungeschicktes Handling der Situation machte sie schlimmer.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌstriəs/

industrious

fleißig
Meaning
Hardworking and diligent in one's duties.
Example
She is an industrious student who always completes her assignments on time.
Sie ist eine fleißige Studentin, die immer ihre Aufgaben rechtzeitig erledigt.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

indignant

empört
Meaning
Feeling or showing anger at something considered unfair or unjust.
Example
She was indignant when accused of cheating.
Sie war empört, als sie des Schummelns beschuldigt wurde.
C1 noun ˌɪntədɪˈpɛndənsi

interdependency

Interdependenz
Meaning
The dependence of two or more people or things on each other.
Example
The interdependency of the countries led to greater cooperation.
Die Interdependenz der Länder führte zu mehr Zusammenarbeit.
C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

inkognito
Meaning
In disguise or with one's identity concealed.
Example
The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.
Der Promi reiste inkognito, um den Paparazzi zu entkommen.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːɡjərəl/

Inaugural

eröffnend
Meaning
marking the beginning of something; first; opening
Example
The president delivered his inaugural speech.
Der Präsident hielt seine Eröffnungsrede.
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

kleine Insel
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
Sie verbrachten ihre Hochzeitsreise auf einer wunderschönen tropischen Insel.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

unfehlbar
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
Ihr Urteil schien in finanziellen Angelegenheiten unfehlbar.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.trəˈspek.tɪv

introspective

introspektiv
Meaning
Characterized by or given to introspection; examining one's own thoughts and feelings.
Example
Writers tend to be highly introspective individuals.
Schriftsteller neigen dazu, hochgradig introspektive Individuen zu sein.
C1 adjective ɪˈneɪt

Innate

angeboren oder natürlich
Meaning
Existing from birth or natural
Example
She has an innate talent for music.
Sie hat ein angeborenes Talent für Musik.
C1 noun /ˌɪməˈtjʊərəti/

immaturity

Unreife
Meaning
the state of not being fully developed emotionally, mentally, or physically; lack of maturity
Example
His immaturity made it difficult for him to handle responsibility.
Seine Unreife machte es ihm schwer, Verantwortung zu übernehmen.
C1 adjective /ɪˈledʒ.ə.bəl/

illegible

unleserlich
Meaning
Not clear enough to be read; unreadable.
Example
The doctor’s handwriting was almost illegible.
Die Handschrift des Arztes war fast unleserlich.
C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

eintauchen
Meaning
To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.
Example
Immerse yourself in the new language.
Tauche in die neue Sprache ein.
C1 adjective ˌɪm.pəˈsɛp.tɪ.bəl

imperceptible

unmerklich
Meaning
So subtle or gradual that it is difficult to notice or perceive
Example
The changes in his behavior were imperceptible at first.
Die Veränderungen in seinem Verhalten waren anfangs unmerklich.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməˌtɔːri/

inflammatory

Glück
Meaning
causing inflammation in the body; arousing anger, hostility, or strong emotion
Example
His inflammatory speech triggered protests across the city.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtruːd/

intrude

einmischen
Meaning
To enter a place or situation where one is not wanted or not invited.
Example
He felt embarrassed to intrude on their private conversation.
Er fühlte sich peinlich berührt, in ihr privates Gespräch einzutreten.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːd/

impede

behindern
Meaning
To obstruct or hinder the progress or development of something.
Example
Lack of funds can impede business growth.
Mangel an Mitteln kann das Wachstum von Unternehmen behindern.
C1 noun /ɪmˈbæl.əns/

Imbalance

Ungleichgewicht
Meaning
lack of proportion or relation between corresponding things; unequal distribution
Example
The doctor said the patient's dizziness was caused by an inner ear imbalance.
Der Arzt sagte, dass die Schwindelgefühle des Patienten durch ein Ungleichgewicht im Innenohr verursacht wurden.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

Intimität; Nähe
Meaning
close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere
Example
The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.
Das Paar schätzte die emotionale Intimität, die sie teilten, mehr als materiellen Besitz.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɜːrt/

invert

umkehren
Meaning
To turn something upside down or in the opposite position, order, or direction.
Example
He inverted the glass to let the water drain out.
Er hat das Glas umgedreht, um das Wasser abfließen zu lassen.
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

Illogisch
Meaning
not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic
Example
It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.
Es wäre illogisch, bei solch kaltem Wetter schwimmen zu gehen.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛd.ɪ.mənt/

impediment

Hindernis
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; something that prevents progress.
Example
Lack of funds is a major impediment to the project.
Der Mangel an Mitteln ist ein großes Hindernis für das Projekt.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌktɪv/

inductive

induktiv
Meaning
characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances; reasoning from specific cases to general principles
Example
The scientist used inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis.
Der Wissenschaftler verwendete induktives Denken, um eine Hypothese zu formulieren.
C1 verb /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/

illuminate

beleuchten
Meaning
To light up or make something clearer.
Example
Streetlights illuminate the road at night.
Straßenlaternen beleuchten die Straße in der Nacht.
C1 verb ɪˈnɪʃɪeɪtɪd

initiated

initiiert
Meaning
Caused a process or action to begin; started something.
Example
The project was initiated to enhance marine biodiversity.
Das Projekt wurde initiiert, um die marine Biodiversität zu verbessern.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.səˌbɔːr.dɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

insubordination

Ungehorsam
Meaning
Defiance of authority; refusal to obey orders.
Example
The soldier was punished for insubordination during the mission.
Der Soldat wurde für Ungehorsam während der Mission bestraft.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

unentschuldbar
Meaning
Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.
Example
His rude behavior was inexcusable.
Sein unhöfliches Verhalten war unentschuldbar.
C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

Unzulänglichkeit
Meaning
lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough
Example
She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.
Trotz ihrer starken Qualifikationen kämpfte sie bei der Arbeit mit Gefühlen der Unzulänglichkeit.
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/

interchangeable

austauschbar
Meaning
able to be exchanged with each other without difference or loss of function
Example
These machine parts are interchangeable, so they can be replaced easily.
Diese Maschinenteile sind austauschbar, so dass sie einfach ersetzt werden können.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpjʊər/

Impure

unrein
Meaning
contaminated; not clean; mixed with foreign substances
Example
The impure water caused health problems in the village.
Das unreine Wasser verursachte Gesundheitsprobleme im Dorf.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvəkəbl/

irrevocable

unwiderruflich
Meaning
Not able to be revoked, changed, or undone.
Example
She made an irrevocable decision to leave the company.
Sie traf eine unwiderrufliche Entscheidung, das Unternehmen zu verlassen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəl/

incidental

nebenkosten
Meaning
happening as a minor part or in connection with something else
Example
Incidental expenses like snacks and tips were included in the bill.
Nebenkosten wie Snacks und Trinkgelder wurden in die Rechnung aufgenommen.
C1 adjective ɪnˈdel.ə.bəl

indelible

unvergesslich
Meaning
Making marks that cannot be removed; impossible to forget or remove.
Example
Her speech left an indelible mark on the audience.
Ihre Rede hinterließ einen unvergesslichen Eindruck beim Publikum.
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

Stillstand
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
Die Verhandlungen erreichten einen Stillstand, der die Vereinbarung verzögerte.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

aufsässig
Meaning
Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.
Example
The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.
Der aufsässige Mitarbeiter weigerte sich, den Anweisungen des Managers zu folgen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/

infusion

Infusion
Meaning
the act of introducing something into another; a drink made by steeping leaves or herbs in liquid
Example
She prepared a calming infusion of chamomile tea.
Sie bereitete eine beruhigende Infusion aus Kamillentee zu.
C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

idealisisieren
Meaning
To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.
Example
Children often idealize their parents.
Kinder idealisieren oft ihre Eltern.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmeʒərəbəl/

Immeasurable

unermesslich
Meaning
too large or extensive to measure; boundless
Example
The immeasurable love of a mother knows no bounds.
Die unermessliche Liebe einer Mutter kennt keine Grenzen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs/

imprecise

ungenau
Meaning
Not exact or accurate; vague.
Example
His explanation was too imprecise to be helpful.
Seine Erklärung war zu ungenau, um hilfreich zu sein.
C1 noun /ˌɪməˈrælɪti/

immorality

Unmoral
Meaning
the quality of being immoral; behavior that violates accepted moral standards
Example
The community condemned the immorality of the corrupt officials.
Die Gemeinschaft verurteilte die Unmoral der korrupten Beamten.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskriːt/

indiscreet

unbedacht
Meaning
Not careful in what one says or does, likely to reveal secrets or offend.
Example
It was indiscreet of him to mention the plan in public.
Es war unbedacht von ihm, den Plan in der Öffentlichkeit zu erwähnen.
C1 verb /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪt/

incubate

inkubieren
Meaning
to keep eggs, cells, or organisms at the right conditions for development
Example
The hen will incubate the eggs until they hatch.
Das Huhn wird die Eier inkubieren, bis sie schlüpfen.
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpjəd(ə)nt/

impudent

frech, unverschämt
Meaning
not showing due respect for another person; rude
Example
The impudent child talked back to the teacher.
Das freche Kind antwortete dem Lehrer.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

Identitätsdiebstahl
Meaning
The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
Example
Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.
Online-Identitätsdiebstahl ist ein ernstes Cyberverbrechen.
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˈmɪʃən/

intermission

Pause
Meaning
A pause or break, especially during a performance or event.
Example
The play had a twenty-minute intermission.
Das Stück hatte eine zwanzigminütige Pause.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfrɪndʒ/

infringe

verletzen
Meaning
To actively break the terms of a law, agreement, or right.
Example
Copying this software without permission will infringe copyright laws.
Das Kopieren dieser Software ohne Erlaubnis wird gegen das Urheberrecht verstoßen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsaɪt/

incite

anstacheln
Meaning
to provoke; to stir up
Example
His speech incited the crowd to violence.
Seine Rede hat die Menge zu Gewalt angestachelt.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɒm.ni.ə/

Insomnia

Insomnie
Meaning
habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep; the condition of being unable to sleep
Example
Her chronic insomnia made it difficult for her to concentrate during work hours.
Ihre chronische Insomnie erschwerte es ihr, sich während der Arbeitszeit zu konzentrieren.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/

impending

bevorstehend
Meaning
about to happen soon, usually something unpleasant or threatening
Example
The villagers were worried about the impending flood.
Die Dorfbewohner waren besorgt über die bevorstehende Flut.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/

Ineligible

ineligibel; nicht qualifiziert; ungeeignet
Meaning
not qualified or entitled to participate or be chosen; unsuitable
Example
Students with poor grades are ineligible for the scholarship program.
Studenten mit schlechten Noten sind für das Stipendienprogramm nicht qualifiziert.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt/

indistinct

undeutlich
Meaning
Not clear or sharply defined; vague or blurred.
Example
The sound of voices was indistinct in the distance.
Der Klang der Stimmen war in der Ferne undeutlich.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

neugierig
Meaning
Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.
Example
The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.
Das neugierige Kind stellte unzählige Fragen über die Sterne.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɪndʒ/

impinge

beeinflussen
Meaning
to have an effect or impact on something; to encroach or infringe
Example
The noise from the construction site impinges on our daily activities.
Der Lärm von der Baustelle beeinflusst unsere täglichen Aktivitäten.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

instruktiv
Meaning
useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction
Example
The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.
Der Vortrag war sehr lehrreich und fesselnd.
C1 noun/verb /ˈɪmprɪnt/

imprint

Prägung
Meaning
A mark or impression made by pressure; to establish or fix firmly in someone's mind.
Example
The event left an indelible imprint on the city's history.
Das Ereignis hinterließ eine unauslöschliche Prägung in der Geschichte der Stadt.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkjʊˈbeɪʃən/

incubation

der Prozess, Eier, Zellen oder Organismen unter den richtigen Bedingungen für die Entwicklung zu halten
Meaning
the process of keeping eggs, cells, or organisms in the right conditions for development
Example
The incubation of the eggs lasted for three weeks.
Die Inkubation der Eier dauerte drei Wochen.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.fən.tri/

Infantry

infanterie
Meaning
soldiers marching or fighting on foot; foot soldiers collectively
Example
The infantry advanced across the battlefield on foot.
Die Infanterie marschierte zu Fuß über das Schlachtfeld.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

bewegen
Meaning
to drive, force, or urge someone to do something
Example
Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.
Ihre Neugier trieb sie dazu, die mysteriöse Kiste zu öffnen.
C1 noun ɪnˌɛv.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

inevitability

Unvermeidbarkeit
Meaning
The quality of being certain to happen and impossible to avoid or prevent.
Example
The inevitability of change is a part of life.
Die Unvermeidbarkeit des Wandels ist ein Teil des Lebens.
C1 verb /ˌɪn.tɚˈtwaɪn/

intertwine

eng miteinander verbinden oder verbinden; zusammen drehen oder kombinieren
Meaning
To connect or link closely; to twist together or combine closely.
Example
Their lives became intertwined through years of friendship.
Ihre Leben wurden durch jahrelange Freundschaft miteinander verflochten.
C1 adjective ˈɪn.lənd

Inland

Binnen
Meaning
Situated in the interior of a country; away from the coast.
Example
Inland transport boosts local trade.
Binnenverkehr fördert den lokalen Handel.
C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

übrigens
Meaning
by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject
Example
Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?
Übrigens, wusstest du, dass sie in Paris studiert hat?
C1 verb /ɪˈmɔːrtəlaɪz/

immortalize

verewigen
Meaning
to preserve the memory of someone or something forever
Example
The statue was built to immortalize the hero’s sacrifice.
Die Statue wurde gebaut, um das Opfer des Helden zu verewigen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈvɜːrʒən/

inversion

Inversion
Meaning
A reversal of the normal order, position, or relationship.
Example
In poetry, inversion is often used to create emphasis.
In der Poesie wird die Inversion oft verwendet, um Nachdruck zu verleihen.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɜːrsəneɪt/

impersonate

sich ausgeben als
Meaning
to pretend to be another person in order to entertain or deceive
Example
He was arrested for trying to impersonate a police officer.
Er wurde verhaftet, weil er versuchte, einen Polizisten zu impersonieren.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/

incompetence

Inkompetenz
Meaning
Lack of ability, skill, or effectiveness in doing something.
Example
The project failed due to the manager’s incompetence.
Das Projekt scheiterte aufgrund der Inkompetenz des Managers.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

Zufluss
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
Der Zufluss von Touristen hat die lokale Wirtschaft angekurbelt.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɔːrˈɡænɪk/

inorganic

anorganisch
Meaning
relating to substances that are not derived from living organisms; lacking organic structure or growth
Example
Inorganic compounds are commonly studied in chemistry labs.
Anorganische Verbindungen sind wichtig in der Chemie.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnəns/

impertinence

Unverschämtheit
Meaning
lack of respect; rudeness
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's impertinence.
Der Lehrer war schockiert über die Unverschämtheit des Schülers.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səbˈstæn.ʃəl/

insubstantial

unwesentlich
Meaning
Lacking strength, substance, or solidity.
Example
The evidence provided was insubstantial and unconvincing.
Die bereitgestellten Beweise waren unwesentlich und wenig überzeugend.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɪnsəbl/

invincible

unbesiegbar
Meaning
too powerful to be defeated or overcome
Example
The team seemed invincible after winning ten matches in a row.
Das Team schien unbesiegbar, nachdem es zehn Spiele hintereinander gewonnen hatte.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur

auf sich nehmen
Meaning
To bring upon oneself something undesirable, usually as a result of actions.
Example
He incurred a fine for parking in the wrong place.
Er zog eine Strafe auf sich, weil er an der falschen Stelle parkte.
C1 adjective /ɪˈluː.sɪv/

Illusive

trügerisch; scheinbar existierend, aber nicht real; täuschend
Meaning
deceptive; appearing to exist but not real; misleading
Example
The promise of easy money proved to be illusive and misleading.
Das Versprechen von leichtem Geld erwies sich als trügerisch und täuschend.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/

incompetent

inkompetent
Meaning
Lacking the necessary ability or skills to do something successfully.
Example
He was fired because he was incompetent at his job.
Er wurde entlassen, weil er in seinem Job unfähig war.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːrdənət/

inordinate

übermäßig
Meaning
Excessive or unusually large in degree.
Example
She spent an inordinate amount of time on her phone.
Sie verbrachte eine übermäßige Zeit mit ihrem Telefon.
C1 adjective /ɪˈneɪn/

inane

unsinnig, dumm
Meaning
lacking sense, meaning, or significance; silly or pointless
Example
The movie was criticized for its inane dialogue.
Der Film wurde für seine unsinnigen Dialoge kritisiert.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfleɪtɪd/

inflated

aufgeblasen
Meaning
excessively increased in size, value, or importance; filled with air or gas
Example
The company faced criticism for its inflated prices.
Das Unternehmen sah sich wegen seiner aufgeblasenen Preise Kritik ausgesetzt.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːrʃəl/

Impartial

unparteiisch; neutral
Meaning
treating all sides fairly; unbiased; neutral
Example
A good judge must remain impartial throughout the trial.
Ein guter Richter muss während des gesamten Prozesses unparteiisch bleiben.
C1 verb /ˈaɪdəlaɪz/

idolize

verehren
Meaning
To admire or worship someone excessively.
Example
Fans often idolize celebrities for their talent and lifestyle.
Fans verehren oft Prominente für ihr Talent und ihren Lebensstil.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

Unentschlossenheit; Zweifel; Zögern
Meaning
the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do
Example
Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.
Ihre Unentschlossenheit, welches Jobangebot sie annehmen sollte, führte dazu, dass sie beide Gelegenheiten verpasste.
C1 noun ɪnˈsɒl.vən.si

insolvency

Insolvenz
Meaning
The state of being unable to pay debts owed; bankruptcy.
Example
The company declared insolvency after years of losses.
Das Unternehmen erklärte nach Jahren der Verluste Insolvenz.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

unersättlich
Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.
Ihre unersättliche Neugier trieb sie dazu, jedes Buch in der Bibliothek zu lesen.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsjələr/

insular

engstirnig, inselbezogen
Meaning
Narrow-minded, isolated, or relating to an island.
Example
The community was criticized for its insular attitudes toward outsiders.
Die Gemeinschaft wurde für ihre insularen Einstellungen gegenüber Außenseitern kritisiert.
C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

Inaktivität
Meaning
the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action
Example
Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.
Längere Inaktivität kann die körperliche und geistige Gesundheit beeinträchtigen.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt

intermittent

intermittierend
Meaning
Happening irregularly, not continuously.
Example
The rain was intermittent throughout the day.
Der Regen war den ganzen Tag über intermittierend.
C1 verb /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/

inhibit

hemmen
Meaning
to prevent or restrain someone or something from acting freely; to hinder
Example
Fear can inhibit personal growth.
Angst kann das persönliche Wachstum hemmen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪərənt/

incoherent

inkohärent
Meaning
Not clear or easy to understand; lacking logical connection.
Example
His explanation was so incoherent that nobody could follow it.
Seine Erklärung war so inkohärent, dass niemand ihr folgen konnte.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkrɛdjələs/

incredulous

ungläubig
Meaning
unwilling or unable to believe something
Example
He gave her an incredulous look when she claimed she could fly.
Er warf ihr einen ungläubigen Blick zu, als sie behauptete, fliegen zu können.
C1 adjective ɪˈluː.sər.i

illusory

illusorisch
Meaning
Based on illusion; not real although seeming to be.
Example
His sense of security was entirely illusory.
Sein Gefühl der Sicherheit war völlig illusorisch.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/

impediments

Hindernisse
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; things that prevent progress or achievement.
Example
Economic impediments often hinder social development.
Wirtschaftliche Hindernisse behindern oft die soziale Entwicklung.