etymology
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Englisch BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Spanisch FR Französisch DE Deutsch RU Russisch ZH Chinesisch JA Japanisch
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 noun /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/

etymology

Wortgeschichte
Meaning
The study of the origin of words and how their meanings and forms have evolved.
Example
The etymology of the word 'salary' comes from the Latin word for salt.
Die Etymologie des Wortes 'Gehalt' stammt vom lateinischen Wort für Salz.
C1 noun /ˌɛksɛnˈtrɪsəti/

eccentricity

Exzentrizität
Meaning
the quality of being unconventional or slightly strange
Example
His eccentricity made him both admired and misunderstood.
Seine Exzentrizität machte ihn sowohl bewundert als auch missverstanden.
C1 noun ɪɡˌzæs.pəˈreɪ.ʃən

exasperation

Verärgerung
Meaning
Extreme irritation or frustration.
Example
He sighed in exasperation after hearing the same excuse again.
Er seufzte vor Verärgerung, nachdem er dieselbe Ausrede schon wieder gehört hatte.
C1 verb /ɪnˈɡroʊs/

engross

vertieft
Meaning
to absorb all the attention or interest of someone
Example
She was so engrossed in the book that she forgot the time.
Sie war so vertieft in das Buch, dass sie die Zeit vergaß.
C1 noun /ˈiːɡətɪst/

egotist

Egoist
Meaning
A person who is excessively self-centered or talks too much about themselves.
Example
The egotist dominated the conversation by talking only about his own achievements.
Der Egoist dominierte das Gespräch, indem er nur über seine eigenen Erfolge sprach.
C1 noun /ˈɛspiənɑːʒ/

espionage

Spionage
Meaning
The practice of spying or using spies to gather secret information, usually for political or military purposes.
Example
The agent was arrested on charges of espionage against the state.
Der Agent wurde wegen Spionage gegen den Staat verhaftet.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtʃænt/

enchant

verzaubern
Meaning
to delight or charm greatly; to cast a spell over
Example
The storyteller enchanted the children with his tales.
Der Geschichtenerzähler verzauberte die Kinder mit seinen Erzählungen.
C1 verb /ˈɛm.jʊˌleɪt/

emulate

nachahmen
Meaning
to imitate someone or something with the intent to equal or surpass
Example
Young athletes often emulate their idols.
Junge Athleten ahmen oft ihre Idole nach.
C1 noun ɪˈveɪ.ʒən

evasion

Vermeidung
Meaning
The practice of avoiding or escaping from something, especially responsibility or duty.
Example
His evasion of responsibilities frustrated his colleagues.
Seine Vermeidung von Verantwortung frustrierte seine Kollegen.
C1 verb /ɪˈlɛktrɪfaɪ/

electrify

elektrisieren; begeistern
Meaning
to charge with electricity; to excite or thrill intensely
Example
The speaker's speech electrified the audience.
Die Rede begeisterte das Publikum.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspʌlʃən/

expulsion

Expulsion
Meaning
The act of forcing someone to leave a place, especially a school or country.
Example
His constant misbehavior led to his expulsion from school.
Sein ständiges Fehlverhalten führte zu seiner Expulsion aus der Schule.
C1 verb /ˈɛnərˌdʒaɪz/

energize

energisieren
Meaning
To give energy or vitality to something or someone.
Example
The motivational speech helped energize the team.
Die motivierende Rede half, das Team zu energetisieren.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstræv.ə.ɡəns/

Extravagance

übermäßige Ausgabe; Verschwendung
Meaning
lack of restraint in spending money; excessive expense
Example
The wedding celebration was criticized for its unnecessary extravagance.
Die Hochzeitsfeier wurde für ihre unnötige Extravaganz kritisiert.
C1 adjective /ˈɛntərˌpraɪzɪŋ/

enterprising

unternehmerisch
Meaning
showing initiative and resourcefulness; willing to take risks to achieve success
Example
She is an enterprising young entrepreneur.
Sie ist eine unternehmerische junge Unternehmerin.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/

Exceeding

übermäßig; jenseits
Meaning
going beyond; surpassing; extremely
Example
The project was completed with exceeding excellence.
Das Projekt wurde mit überragender Exzellenz abgeschlossen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪrmənt/

endearment

liebevolles Wort
Meaning
A word or phrase expressing affection or love.
Example
She whispered a gentle endearment to her child.
Sie flüsterte ihrem Kind ein liebevolles Wort zu.
C1 noun /ɒnˈsɒmbəl/

ensemble

Ensemble, Gruppe
Meaning
a group of things or people viewed as a whole, especially performers in music or theater
Example
The theater ensemble gave a spectacular performance.
Das Theaterensemble gab eine spektakuläre Aufführung.
C1 adjective ɪkˈskwɪzɪt

exquisite

exquisit
Meaning
Extremely beautiful and delicate.
Example
The exquisite craftsmanship of the watch made it a collector's item.
Die exquisite Handwerkskunst der Uhr machte sie zu einem Sammlerstück.
C1 noun ɪˈpɪf.ə.ni

epiphany

plötzliche Offenbarung oder Erkenntnis
Meaning
A moment of sudden revelation or insight.
Example
He had an epiphany about his true purpose in life.
Er hatte eine Epiphanie über seinen wahren Lebenszweck.
C1 noun /ˌiː.kwɪˈlɪb.ri.əm/

equilibrium

Gleichgewicht
Meaning
A state of physical balance or stability in physical, mental, or economic conditions.
Example
The market reached an equilibrium between supply and demand.
Der Markt erreichte ein Gleichgewicht zwischen Angebot und Nachfrage.
C1 adjective /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃəl/

existential

existentziell
Meaning
Relating to human existence, often concerning meaning or purpose of life.
Example
She went through an existential crisis during her midlife.
Sie durchlebte eine existentielle Krise in der Mitte ihres Lebens.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈθrɔː.lɪŋ/

enthralling

fesselnd
Meaning
Captivating and holding one's attention completely; fascinating.
Example
The movie was enthralling, keeping the audience engaged till the end.
Der Film war fesselnd, er hielt das Publikum bis zum Ende gefesselt.
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzɜːr.ʃən/

exertion

körperliche oder geistige Anstrengung
Meaning
Using energy or effort to achieve something.
Example
Excessive exertion can lead to fatigue and burnout.
Übermäßige exertion kann zu Müdigkeit und Erschöpfung führen.
C1 verb ɪˈluːd

elude

entkommen
Meaning
Evade or escape from, typically in a skillful or cunning way; avoid being caught.
Example
The thief managed to elude the police.
Der Dieb konnte der Polizei entkommen.
C1 adjective /ˈɛm.ɪ.nənt/

eminent

eminent
Meaning
Famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession.
Example
He is an eminent scientist known for groundbreaking research.
Er ist ein eminenter Wissenschaftler, der für bahnbrechende Forschung bekannt ist.
C1 verb /ɪkˈstɔːrt/

extort

erpressen
Meaning
to obtain something, especially money, by force, threats, or unfair means
Example
The gang attempted to extort money from local shopkeepers.
Die Bande versuchte, Geld von den lokalen Geschäftsinhabern zu erpressen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈɡreɪv/

engrave

einritzen
Meaning
to cut or carve a design, letter, or pattern into a hard surface
Example
The craftsman engraved her name on the silver ring.
Der Handwerker hat ihren Namen auf den Silberring eingraviert.
C1 verb /ɪmˈboʊl.dən/

embolden

ermutigen
Meaning
To give someone the courage or confidence to do something.
Example
The coach's words emboldened the team to play aggressively.
Die Worte des Trainers ermutigten das Team, aggressiv zu spielen.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/

emaciated

abgemagert
Meaning
Abnormally thin or weak, usually due to illness or lack of food.
Example
The emaciated dog was rescued from the abandoned house.
Der abgemagerte Hund wurde aus dem verlassenen Haus gerettet.
C1 noun ɪˌræd.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

eradication

Beseitigung
Meaning
The complete destruction or elimination of something unwanted.
Example
Carbon eradication is a key goal of the project.
Die Beseitigung von Kohlenstoff ist ein wichtiges Ziel des Projekts.
C1 noun /ˈek.stə.si/

Ecstasy

Ekstase
Meaning
an overwhelming feeling of great happiness or joyful excitement
Example
She was in complete ecstasy when she heard the good news.
Sie war in völliger Ekstase, als sie die guten Nachrichten hörte.
C1 verb ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt

eradicate

ausrotten
Meaning
To destroy completely; to put an end to something undesirable.
Example
Vaccination programs help eradicate infectious diseases.
Impfprogramme helfen, ansteckende Krankheiten zu eradizieren.
C1 noun /ɪkˌsperɪˈmɛnteɪʃən/

experimentation

Experimentierung
Meaning
The process of performing a scientific procedure to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
Example
Experimentation leads to groundbreaking products.
Experimentierung führt zu bahnbrechenden Produkten.
C1 verb /ɪˈvɪkt/

evict

kündigen
Meaning
To expel someone from a property, usually by legal process.
Example
The landlord decided to evict the tenants for not paying rent.
Der Vermieter entschied sich, die Mieter wegen Nichtzahlung der Miete zu kündigen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsɜːrkəl/

encircle

umkreisen
Meaning
to form a circle around something
Example
The protesters encircled the building in a human chain.
Die Demonstranten umkreisten das Gebäude in einer menschlichen Kette.
C1 verb /ɪˈnjuːməˌreɪt/

enumerate

aufzählen
Meaning
to mention things one by one; to list or count
Example
She enumerated the reasons for her decision.
Sie zählte die Gründe für ihre Entscheidung auf.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʒen.dər/

engender

verursachen
Meaning
To cause or give rise to a feeling, situation, or condition.
Example
The speech engendered hope among the people.
Die Rede hat Hoffnung unter den Menschen geweckt.
C1 noun /ˈɛkstrəˌvɜːrt/

extrovert

Extrovertierter Mensch
Meaning
a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energized by being around other people
Example
As an extrovert, she enjoys meeting new people at social events.
Als Extrovertierte liebt sie es, neue Leute bei gesellschaftlichen Veranstaltungen zu treffen.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzæspəˌreɪt/

exasperate

verärgern
Meaning
to irritate or annoy intensely
Example
His constant complaints began to exasperate his coworkers.
Seine ständigen Beschwerden begannen, seine Kollegen zu verärgern.
C1 noun ɪnˈdaʊmənt

endowment

Stiftung, Schenkung
Meaning
An income or form of property given or bequeathed to someone.
Example
The university received a large endowment for research.
Die Universität erhielt eine große Stiftung für die Forschung.
C1 adverb ˌekspəˈnenʃəli

exponentially

exponentiell
Meaning
At a rapidly increasing rate; growing or expanding very quickly and intensely.
Example
Internet adoption is growing exponentially worldwide.
Die Internetakzeptanz wächst weltweit exponentiell.
C1 verb /ɪˈmænsɪpeɪt/

emancipate

emanzipieren
Meaning
to set someone free from legal, social, or political restrictions; to liberate from slavery or oppression
Example
The law was designed to emancipate slaves and grant them full citizenship.
Das Gesetz wurde entwickelt, um Sklaven zu emanzipieren und ihnen die volle Staatsbürgerschaft zu gewähren.
C1 adjective ɪˈroʊ.ni.əs

erroneous

fehlerhaft, inkorrekt
Meaning
Wrong; incorrect.
Example
His assumptions were completely erroneous.
Seine Annahmen waren völlig fehlerhaft.
C1 adjective /ɪˈstreɪndʒd/

estranged

entfremdet
Meaning
no longer close or affectionate with someone; alienated
Example
She felt estranged from her family after the long dispute.
Sie fühlte sich nach dem langen Streit von ihrer Familie entfremdet.
C1 adjective /ˌiːɡoʊˈsentrɪk/

egocentric

egoistisch
Meaning
thinking only about yourself and not about others
Example
His egocentric behavior annoyed everyone at the meeting.
Sein egoistisches Verhalten nervte alle im Meeting.
C1 adjective ˈek.wɪ.tə.bəl

equitable

gerecht
Meaning
Fair and impartial
Example
Equitable AI ensures fairness in technology use.
Gerechte KI sorgt für Fairness bei der Nutzung von Technologie.
C1 adjective /ɛsˈθɛtɪk/

esthetic

ästhetisch
Meaning
Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.
Example
The building’s esthetic design attracted many visitors.
Das ästhetische Design des Gebäudes zog viele Besucher an.
C1 noun /ˈɛləkwəns/

eloquence

Eloquenz
Meaning
Fluent or persuasive speaking or writing.
Example
His eloquence in speech won him great respect.
Seine Eloquenz in der Rede brachte ihm großen Respekt.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɔːr.bɪ.tənt/

exorbitant

überhöht
Meaning
Unreasonably high in price or cost; excessive.
Example
The hotel charged an exorbitant price for a basic room.
Das Hotel verlangte einen überhöhten Preis für ein einfaches Zimmer.
C1 noun /ˈiːɡoʊˌtɪzəm/

egotism

Egoismus
Meaning
The practice of talking and thinking about oneself excessively because of an inflated sense of self-importance.
Example
His constant boasting revealed his egotism.
Sein ständiges Prahlen offenbarte seinen Egotismus.
C1 verb /ˈɛkstrəˌdaɪt/

extradite

extradieren
Meaning
to hand over a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country or state
Example
The government agreed to extradite the fugitive to his home country.
Die Regierung stimmte zu, den Flüchtigen in sein Heimatland zu extradieren.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstɔːr.ʃən/

extortion

Erpressung
Meaning
the practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats
Example
The businessman was arrested for extortion after threatening his partner.
Der Geschäftsmann wurde wegen Erpressung verhaftet, nachdem er seinen Partner bedroht hatte.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈlaɪ.tənd/

Enlightened

erleuchtet; aufgeklärt; weise;
Meaning
having or showing a rational, modern outlook; having spiritual knowledge or understanding
Example
The enlightened teacher shared wisdom with all her students.
Der erleuchtete Lehrer teilte Weisheit mit allen seinen Schülern.
C1 noun /ˈɒntreɪ/ (UK), /ˈɑːntreɪ/ (US)

entree

Hauptgericht
Meaning
The main course of a meal (US); the right to enter or access (formal).
Example
The restaurant’s signature steak was served as the main entree.
Das Signature-Steak des Restaurants wurde als Hauptgericht serviert.
C1 noun /ˈɑːnkɔːr/

encore

Zugabe
Meaning
An additional performance demanded by an audience at the end of a show.
Example
The band returned to the stage for an encore.
Die Band kehrte auf die Bühne zurück für eine Zugabe.
C1 noun /ɪmˈbɛzlmənt/

embezzlement

Unterschlagung
Meaning
The act of dishonestly taking money or property entrusted to one's care.
Example
The accountant was arrested for embezzlement of company funds.
Der Buchhalter wurde wegen Unterschlagung von Firmengeldern verhaftet.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪtɪŋ/

excruciating

quälend
Meaning
causing extreme physical or mental pain
Example
She was in excruciating pain after the accident.
Sie war nach dem Unfall in unerträglichen Schmerzen.
C1 verb /ˈiːkwəlaɪz/

equalize

ausgleichen
Meaning
To make equal or level in status, value, or amount.
Example
The team equalized the score in the last minute.
Das Team hat das Ergebnis in der letzten Minute ausgeglichen.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈstɛnjueɪtɪŋ/

extenuating

mildernd
Meaning
serving to make a fault or an offense seem less serious
Example
She asked for leniency due to extenuating circumstances.
Sie bat um Nachsicht aufgrund mildernder Umstände.
C1 adjective ˌɜː.ɡəˈnɒm.ɪk

ergonomic

ergonomisches Design
Meaning
Designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment; user-friendly and reducing strain.
Example
The chair has an ergonomic design for better posture.
Der Stuhl hat ein ergonomisches Design für eine bessere Haltung.
C1 noun /ɪkˈstriː.mɪst/

Extremist

Extremist
Meaning
a person who holds extreme political or religious views
Example
The government is taking measures to prevent extremist activities.
Die Regierung ergreift Maßnahmen, um extremistische Aktivitäten zu verhindern.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtaɪs/

entice

verlocken
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone by offering something appealing
Example
The advertisement was designed to entice customers into the store.
Die Anzeige wurde entwickelt, um Kunden in den Laden zu locken.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzɪl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

exhilaration

Hochstimmung oder Freude
Meaning
A feeling of excitement, happiness, or elation.
Example
The feeling of exhilaration after a roller-coaster ride is amazing.
Das Gefühl der Exhilaration nach einer Achterbahnfahrt ist erstaunlich.
C1 verb /ˈɛkskəˌveɪt/

excavate

Glück
Meaning
to dig out or remove earth carefully, often for building or archaeological purposes
Example
The workers excavated the site to prepare for construction.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 adjective ɛnˈdɛm.ɪk

endemic

endemisch
Meaning
Native and restricted to a certain place.
Example
The Bengal tiger is endemic to the Indian subcontinent.
Der Bengalische Tiger ist endemisch im indischen Subkontinent.
C1 noun /ˌɛkstrəˈdɪʃən/

extradition

Auslieferung
Meaning
the official process of sending someone accused of a crime to another country or state
Example
The extradition of the suspect was delayed due to legal issues.
Die Auslieferung des Verdächtigen wurde aufgrund rechtlicher Probleme verzögert.
C1 adjective /ɛnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdɪk/

encyclopedic

lexikalisch
Meaning
Having comprehensive knowledge of many subjects; relating to or characteristic of an encyclopedia.
Example
Her encyclopedic knowledge of history amazed everyone at the conference.
Ihr lexikalisches Wissen über Geschichte hat alle bei der Konferenz erstaunt.
C1 noun /ˈɜːr.θən pɒt/

Earthen pot

Tontopf
Meaning
a container made of baked clay or earth, used for cooking or storing
Example
The earthen pot keeps water naturally cool in summer.
Der Tontopf hält Wasser im Sommer auf natürliche Weise kühl.
C1 noun /ˈɛstjʊəri/

estuary

Mündung
Meaning
the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream
Example
The city is located near the estuary of the river.
Die Stadt liegt in der Nähe der Mündung des Flusses.
C1 verb /ɪnˈθrɔːl/

enthrall

fesseln
Meaning
to captivate or hold someone’s attention completely
Example
The magician’s tricks enthralled the children.
Die Tricks des Magiers fesselten die Kinder.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

exhilarating

aufregend
Meaning
Making someone feel very excited, happy, or thrilled.
Example
Skydiving was the most exhilarating experience of his life.
Fallschirmspringen war die aufregendste Erfahrung seines Lebens.
C1 adverb ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəli

experimentally

experimentell
Meaning
In a way that is based on or derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.
Example
Bose demonstrated findings experimentally.
Bose zeigte die Ergebnisse experimentell.
C1 adjective ɪˈθɪə.ri.əl

ethereal

himmlisch, zart, übernatürlich
Meaning
Extremely delicate and light in a way that seems too perfect for this world.
Example
Her voice had an ethereal quality.
Ihre Stimme hatte eine ätherische Qualität.
C1 verb /ɪmˈbɛl.ɪʃ/

embellish

verschönern
Meaning
To make something more attractive by adding decorative details or exaggerating.
Example
He tends to embellish stories to make them more interesting.
Er neigt dazu, Geschichten zu verschönern, um sie interessanter zu machen.
C1 noun /ɪkˈspæns/

expanse

weite Fläche
Meaning
a wide, open area of land, sea, or sky
Example
The desert is a vast expanse of sand and rock.
Die Wüste ist eine weite Fläche aus Sand und Felsen.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrθi/

earthy

erdig / einfach
Meaning
resembling or suggestive of earth or soil; simple, natural, and sometimes coarse
Example
The dish had a rich, earthy flavor from the mushrooms.
Das Gericht hatte einen reichen, erdigen Geschmack von den Champignons.
C1 adjective ɪmˈpɪr.ɪ.kəl

empirical

empirisch oder erfahrungsbasiert
Meaning
Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
Example
Scientific research relies on empirical evidence.
Wissenschaftliche Forschung basiert auf empirischen Beweisen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈreɪdʒ/

enrage

wütend machen
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His unfair remarks enraged the audience.
Seine ungerechten Bemerkungen haben das Publikum wütend gemacht.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃmənt/

encroachment

Eingriff
Meaning
the act of gradually intruding or taking over someone’s rights, land, or space
Example
The villagers protested against the encroachment on their farmland.
Die Dorfbewohner protestierten gegen den Eingriff in ihr Ackerland.
C1 noun ˌes.kəˈleɪ.ʃən

escalation

schnelle Zunahme; ein Anstieg.
Meaning
A rapid increase; a rise.
Example
The escalation of production costs impacts profitability.
Die Eskalation der Produktionskosten beeinflusst die Rentabilität.
C1 adjective /ɪˈluːsɪv/

elusive

schwer zu finden
Meaning
Difficult to find, catch, or achieve; hard to understand or define.
Example
The solution to the problem proved elusive.
Die Lösung des Problems erwies sich als schwer zu finden.
C1 adjective /ˌɛk.spəˈnɛn.ʃəl/

exponential

schnelles Wachstum oder Expansion mit einer zunehmenden Rate
Meaning
Rapid growth or expansion at an increasing rate
Example
Technology is advancing at an exponential rate.
Die Technologie entwickelt sich in einem exponentiellen Tempo.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzæspəˌreɪtɪd/

exasperated

sehr verärgert
Meaning
greatly annoyed or irritated
Example
She gave him an exasperated look after his repeated mistakes.
Sie warf ihm nach seinen wiederholten Fehlern einen sehr verärgerten Blick zu.
C1 adjective /juːˈfɔːrɪk/

euphoric

euphorisch
Meaning
Characterized by or feeling intense excitement and happiness.
Example
The fans were euphoric after their team's victory.
Die Fans waren euphorisch nach dem Sieg ihrer Mannschaft.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsjuː/

ensue

folgen
Meaning
to happen as a result or consequence
Example
After the argument, silence ensued.
Nach dem Streit folgte Stille.
C1 noun /ɪˈpɪt.ə.mi/

epitome

Ein perfektes Beispiel für eine bestimmte Qualität oder Art; die beste Darstellung von etwas
Meaning
A perfect example of a particular quality or type; the best representation of something.
Example
She is the epitome of grace and kindness.
Sie ist der Inbegriff von Anmut und Freundlichkeit.
C1 verb /ɪˈloʊp/

elope

heiraten ohne Erlaubnis
Meaning
to run away secretly in order to get married, especially without parental consent
Example
The young couple decided to elope to another city.
Das junge Paar beschloss, in eine andere Stadt zu fliehen, um zu heiraten.
C1 verb /ɪmˈbrɔɪl/

embroil

verwickeln
Meaning
to involve someone deeply in a conflict, argument, or difficult situation
Example
The politician was embroiled in a major corruption scandal.
Der Politiker war in einen großen Korruptionsskandal verwickelt.
C1 verb /ɪkˈskriːt/

excrete

ausscheiden
Meaning
to eliminate waste matter from the body
Example
Humans excrete carbon dioxide through breathing.
Menschen scheiden Kohlendioxid durch Atmung aus.
C1 noun ˌiː.kəʊˈfrend.li ˌɜː.bən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

eco-friendly urbanization

umweltfreundliche Urbanisierung
Meaning
The development of cities in a way that is not harmful to the environment.
Example
Eco-friendly urbanization reduces environmental degradation.
Umweltfreundliche Urbanisierung reduziert die Umweltzerstörung.
C1 noun /ˈɛksədəs/

exodus

Exodus
Meaning
A mass departure of people from a place.
Example
There was a sudden exodus of workers after the strike began.
Es gab einen plötzlichen Exodus von Arbeitern, nachdem der Streik begann.
C1 noun /ˈɛskəpeɪd/

escapade

Abenteuer
Meaning
an adventurous, exciting, or reckless act
Example
Their summer escapade included camping and mountain climbing.
Ihre Sommereskapade umfasste Camping und Bergsteigen.
C1 verb /ɪmˈbrɔɪdər/

embroider

besticken
Meaning
to decorate fabric with patterns using a needle and thread
Example
She embroidered flowers on the pillowcase.
Sie bestickte Blumen auf dem Kissenbezug.
C1 noun /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

euthanasia

aktive Sterbehilfe
Meaning
The practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering.
Example
The debate about euthanasia raises difficult ethical questions.
Die Debatte über Euthanasie wirft schwierige ethische Fragen auf.
C1 noun ɪkˌstræp.əˈleɪ.ʃən

extrapolation

Extrapolation
Meaning
The action of estimating or concluding something by assuming that existing trends will continue.
Example
His extrapolation of market trends helped in financial planning.
Seine Extrapolation der Marktentwicklungen half bei der finanziellen Planung.
C1 verb ɪkˈstræp.ə.leɪt

Extrapolate

extrapolieren
Meaning
Making future estimates based on existing information
Example
Scientists extrapolate climate changes based on past data.
Wissenschaftler extrapolieren Klimaveränderungen basierend auf vergangenen Daten.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrstwaɪl/

erstwhile

ehemalig
Meaning
former or in the past
Example
They were erstwhile friends but no longer speak.
Sie waren ehemals Freunde, sprechen aber jetzt nicht mehr.
C1 verb /ˈɪə.mɑːrk/

earmark

zuweisen
Meaning
To designate funds, resources, or time for a particular purpose.
Example
The government has earmarked funds for education.
Die Regierung hat Mittel für die Bildung zugewiesen.
C1 adjective ɪˈveɪ.sɪv

evasive

ausweichend, geschickt, vage
Meaning
Tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.
Example
He gave an evasive answer to avoid trouble.
Er gab eine ausweichende Antwort, um Ärger zu vermeiden.
C1 noun /ˈek.saɪl/

Exile

Exil
Meaning
the state of being barred from one's native country; enforced removal from one's homeland
Example
The political leader was forced into exile after the military coup.
Der politische Führer wurde nach dem Militärputsch ins Exil gezwungen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdɪr/

endear

liebenswert machen
Meaning
To cause someone to be loved or liked.
Example
Her kindness and generosity endeared her to the community.
Ihre Freundlichkeit und Großzügigkeit machten sie in der Gemeinschaft beliebt.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/

encroach

Glück
Meaning
to gradually take over or intrude on someone’s rights, territory, or space
Example
The buildings began to encroach on the protected forest land.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzɒnəreɪt/

exonerate

entlasten
Meaning
To clear someone from blame or accusation.
Example
The court exonerated her from all charges.
Das Gericht hat sie von allen Anklagen entlastet.
C1 verb /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/

extinguish

löschen
Meaning
to put out a fire, light, or to end something
Example
The firefighters managed to extinguish the blaze within an hour.
Die Feuerwehrleute konnten das Feuer innerhalb einer Stunde löschen.
C1 phrase ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm kəˈlæps

ecosystem collapse

Zusammenbruch des Ökosystems
Meaning
The complete breakdown of an ecological system, resulting in the inability to maintain its structure and function.
Example
Unchecked deforestation can lead to ecosystem collapse.
Unkontrollierte Abholzung kann zum Zusammenbruch des Ökosystems führen.
C1 verb /ɪkˈspend/

expend

ausgeben
Meaning
to use up or consume; to spend energy or resources
Example
He expended all his energy on the project.
Er hat all seine Energie für das Projekt aufgebraucht.
C1 noun /ɪˈnæməl/

enamel

Zahnschmelz
Meaning
a hard, glossy substance used as a protective or decorative coating; the hard outer layer of teeth
Example
The dentist explained that enamel protects the teeth from decay.
Der Zahnarzt erklärte, dass Zahnschmelz die Zähne vor Karies schützt.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːlt/

exalt

erheben, verherrlichen
Meaning
to praise highly or raise in rank, honor, or power
Example
The community exalted the teacher for his dedication.
Die Gemeinschaft exaltierte den Lehrer für sein Engagement.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈsaɪtəbl̩/

excitable

aufgeregt
Meaning
easily excited or emotionally aroused
Example
The child was excitable and laughed at every small thing.
Das Kind war aufgeregt und lachte über jede Kleinigkeit.
C1 adjective /ˌɛpɪˈsɒdɪk/

episodic

episodisch
Meaning
Happening occasionally or in separate parts; related to episodes.
Example
Her interest in art was episodic, coming and going over the years.
Ihr Interesse an Kunst war episodisch, es kam und ging über die Jahre.
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzuːbərəns/

exuberance

Übermut
Meaning
the quality of being full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness
Example
Her exuberance made the whole team feel motivated.
Ihre Übermut motivierte das gesamte Team.
C1 verb /ɛmˈbɛzəl/

embezzle

unterschlagen
Meaning
to steal or misuse money or property entrusted to one's care
Example
The accountant was arrested for embezzling company funds.
Der Buchhalter wurde verhaftet, weil er Unternehmensgelder veruntreut hatte.
C1 verb /ɪˈnʌnsieɪt/

enunciate

deutlich aussprechen
Meaning
to pronounce words clearly; to express an idea clearly
Example
The teacher asked him to enunciate each word.
Der Lehrer bat ihn, jedes Wort deutlich zu enunzieren.
C1 noun/verb /ɪˈstiːm/

esteem

Achtung
Meaning
Respect and admiration, typically for a person.
Example
She is held in high esteem by her colleagues.
Sie wird von ihren Kollegen hoch geschätzt.
C1 verb /ɪnˈlɪst/

enlist

einberufen
Meaning
to join or sign up, especially for military service; to secure someone's support or help
Example
He decided to enlist in the army after graduation.
Er entschloss sich, sich nach dem Abschluss in der Armee einzutragen.
C1 adjective /ɪˈklɛktɪk/

eclectic

eklektisch
Meaning
Selecting or deriving ideas, styles, or tastes from a broad and diverse range of sources.
Example
Her taste in music is eclectic, ranging from classical to hip-hop.
Ihr Musikgeschmack ist eklektisch, von klassischer Musik bis zu Hip-Hop.
C1 verb /ɪˈkɒnəmaɪz/

economize

sparen
Meaning
To reduce spending or use resources carefully.
Example
Families are trying to economize by cutting unnecessary expenses.
Familien versuchen zu sparen, indem sie unnötige Ausgaben kürzen.
C1 adjective + noun এক্সেসিভ স্ট্রেইন

excessive strain

übermäßige Belastung
Meaning
An amount of physical pressure or stress that is more than what is normal or acceptable.
Example
Excessive strain on fingers can cause musculoskeletal issues.
Übermäßiger Druck auf die Finger kann muskuloskelettale Probleme verursachen.
C1 noun /ˈjuːlədʒi/

eulogy

Lobrede
Meaning
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone, especially after their death.
Example
Her brother delivered a heartfelt eulogy at the funeral.
Ihr Bruder hielt eine bewegende Lobrede bei der Beerdigung.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈfæt.ɪk/

Emphatic

energisch; stark; mit Nachdruck gesagt
Meaning
forceful; strong; showing emphasis; expressed with force and conviction
Example
She gave an emphatic 'no' to the proposal.
Sie gab der Vorschlag ein emphatisches 'Nein'.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɔːrmɪti/

enormity

Enormität
Meaning
The extreme scale, seriousness, or extent of something perceived as bad or morally wrong.
Example
The enormity of the crime shocked the entire community.
Das Ausmaß des Verbrechens schockierte die ganze Gemeinschaft.