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C1 verb ˈdwɪn.dl

dwindle

schwinden
Meaning
To diminish gradually in size, amount, or strength; to become progressively smaller.
Example
His savings dwindled due to unexpected expenses.
Seine Ersparnisse schwanden aufgrund unerwarteter Ausgaben.
C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

Beklagte
Meaning
an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law
Example
The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.
Der Beklagte plädierte auf nicht schuldig in Bezug auf alle gegen ihn erhobenen Anklagen.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈdɛrəlɪkt/

derelict

verlassen
Meaning
in poor condition due to neglect or disuse; a homeless or neglected person
Example
The old factory stood derelict for decades.
Die alte Fabrik stand jahrzehntelang verlassen.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsperɪŋ/

Despairing

verzweifelt
Meaning
feeling hopeless; in despair
Example
She felt despairing after losing her job.
Sie fühlte sich verzweifelt, nachdem sie ihren Job verloren hatte.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsəˈsɛmbəl/

disassemble

auseinandernehmen
Meaning
To take apart something into its separate pieces.
Example
He had to disassemble the computer to repair it.
Er musste den Computer auseinandernehmen, um ihn zu reparieren.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɒnstrəbl/

demonstrable

nachweisbar
Meaning
clearly able to be shown or proven
Example
There was demonstrable evidence that he was innocent.
Es gab nachweisbare Beweise dafür, dass er unschuldig war.
C1 noun /ˈdaɪəˌlɛkt/

dialect

Dialekt
Meaning
A particular form of a language spoken in a specific region or by a specific group.
Example
He speaks a dialect of Bengali that is common in rural areas.
Er spricht einen Dialekt des Bengalischen, der in ländlichen Gebieten verbreitet ist.
C1 noun /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

draught

Meaning
a current of cool air in a room or another confined space; also a portion of liquid, especially beer, served from a barrel or cask
Example
She closed the window to keep out the cold draught.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃəl/

differential

differenziell
Meaning
Relating to or showing a difference; involving a distinction.
Example
There is a differential treatment between the two groups.
Es gibt eine differenzielle Behandlung zwischen den beiden Gruppen.
C1 noun /ˌdɜːrməˈtɑːlədʒi/

dermatology

dermatologie
Meaning
The branch of medicine concerned with the skin and its diseases.
Example
He studied dermatology at medical school.
Er hat Dermatologie an der medizinischen Fakultät studiert.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/

Deviation

Abweichung; Abkommen von einem festgelegten Kurs
Meaning
the action of departing from an established course; a departure from usual standards
Example
Any deviation from the established procedure must be reported immediately.
Jede Abweichung von der festgelegten Vorgehensweise muss sofort gemeldet werden.
C1 adjective /dɪˈbɪl.ɪ.teɪ.tɪŋ/

debilitating

debilitierend
Meaning
Making someone or something weak and infirm.
Example
The disease had a debilitating effect on his health.
Die Krankheit hatte eine debiliterende Wirkung auf seine Gesundheit.
C1 noun /ˈdrɛsˌmeɪkər/

dressmaker

Schneiderin
Meaning
A person who makes or alters women's clothing professionally.
Example
The dressmaker crafted a beautiful gown for the bride.
Die Schneiderin fertigte ein schönes Kleid für die Braut an.
C1 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈbɒlɪkəl/

diabolical

diabolisch
Meaning
Wicked, cruel, or outrageously bad; resembling the devil.
Example
The dictator’s diabolical rule brought misery to the nation.
Die diabolische Herrschaft des Diktators brachte Elend in das Land.
C1 noun /diːˌtɒksɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

detoxification

Entgiftung
Meaning
The process of removing toxic substances from a living organism.
Example
Detoxification helps to cleanse the body of harmful substances.
Detoxifikation hilft, den Körper von schädlichen Substanzen zu befreien.
C1 noun /draɪ ˈtʃɪl.i/

Dry Chilli

getrocknete Chilischoten
Meaning
dried chili peppers used as spice for adding heat to food
Example
The recipe calls for two dry chillies to make it spicy.
Das Rezept verlangt zwei getrocknete Chilischoten, um es scharf zu machen.
C1 noun /dɪˈfɔː.mə.ti/

Deformity

Deformation; körperliche Missbildung
Meaning
a distorted or unnatural shape or form; physical malformation
Example
The accident caused a permanent deformity in his left hand.
Der Unfall verursachte eine dauerhafte Deformation in seiner linken Hand.
C1 adjective /ˈdek.stər.əs/

dexterous

geschickt
Meaning
Showing or having skill, especially with the hands; mentally adroit and skillful.
Example
A dexterous programmer can write complex codes effortlessly.
Ein geschickter Programmierer kann komplexe Codes mühelos schreiben.
C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

Haltbarkeit
Meaning
The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.
Example
The durability of materials affects performance.
Die Haltbarkeit von Materialien beeinflusst die Leistung.
C1 verb /ˈdæmpən/

dampen

befeuchten, dämpfen
Meaning
to make something slightly wet; to make something less strong, active, or intense
Example
The rain dampened the excitement of the outdoor concert.
Der Regen dampfte die Aufregung des Open-Air-Konzerts.
C1 noun /dɪˈvaɪzər/

divisor

Divisor
Meaning
A number by which another number is divided.
Example
In the equation 12 ÷ 3, the number 3 is the divisor.
In der Gleichung 12 ÷ 3, ist die Zahl 3 der Divisor.
C1 verb /dɪˈpliːt/

deplete

erschöpfen
Meaning
to reduce the quantity or supply of something
Example
The long war has depleted the country's resources.
Der lange Krieg hat die Ressourcen des Landes erschöpft.
C1 adjective /dræb/

drab

eintönig
Meaning
Dull, lacking brightness or interest; monotonous.
Example
The room looked drab with its gray walls and dim lighting.
Der Raum sah mit seinen grauen Wänden und der gedämpften Beleuchtung eintönig aus.
C1 noun/verb /dɪsˈkwaɪət/

disquiet

Unruhe
Meaning
A feeling of worry or unease; to make someone feel anxious or uneasy.
Example
The strange silence filled the room with disquiet.
Die seltsame Stille füllte den Raum mit Unruhe.
C1 noun/verb /dɪsˈdeɪn/

disdain

Verachtung
Meaning
The feeling that someone or something is unworthy of respect; to regard with contempt.
Example
She looked at the messy room with open disdain.
Sie betrachtete das unordentliche Zimmer mit Verachtung.
C1 verb /ˈdɪs.ɪ.peɪt/

dissipate

sich auflösen
Meaning
To disappear or cause to disappear gradually.
Example
The tension in the room slowly dissipated.
Die Spannung im Raum löste sich langsam auf.
C1 noun/verb /ˈdiːkɔɪ/

decoy

Lockvogel
Meaning
something or someone used to lure or mislead
Example
The hunters used a wooden duck as a decoy.
Die Jäger benutzten eine hölzerne Ente als Lockvogel.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfaɪənt/

Defiant

widerspenstig; trotzig
Meaning
boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient
Example
The defiant student refused to follow the rules.
Der widerspenstige Student weigerte sich, den Regeln zu folgen.
C1 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɔːri/

derogatory

abwertend
Meaning
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
Example
The article contained derogatory comments about the politician.
Der Artikel enthielt abwertende Kommentare über den Politiker.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪ.ner.i/

Disciplinary

disziplinarisch
Meaning
relating to discipline; intended to correct behavior
Example
The company took disciplinary action against the employee.
Das Unternehmen ergriff disziplinarische Maßnahmen gegen den Mitarbeiter.
C1 adjective draʊt rɪˈzɪs.tənt

drought-resistant

trockenresistent
Meaning
Able to survive and grow despite limited water availability or drought conditions.
Example
Drought-resistant crops can survive in arid conditions.
Trockenresistente Pflanzen können in trockenen Bedingungen überleben.
C1 verb /dʌb/

dub

synchronisieren
Meaning
to give a name or label to something; to add a soundtrack to a film or recording
Example
The movie was dubbed into several languages for international release.
Der Film wurde in mehrere Sprachen synchronisiert für die internationale Veröffentlichung.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.li.ə/

Dahlia

dahlie
Meaning
a garden plant with brightly colored flowers that bloom in summer and autumn
Example
She planted colorful dahlias in her garden last summer.
Sie pflanzte bunte Dahlien in ihrem Garten letzten Sommer.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈdʒɔɪntɪd/

disjointed

zerfahren
Meaning
Lacking order, coherence, or connection; disconnected.
Example
The movie felt disjointed and hard to follow.
Der Film fühlte sich zerfahren an und war schwer zu folgen.
C1 adjective /ˈdæʃ.ɪŋ/

Dashing

elegant; attraktiv; mutig;
Meaning
stylish and confident; lively and energetic; attractive and charming
Example
He looked dashing in his new suit.
Er sah in seinem neuen Anzug eleganter aus.
C1 noun /ˈdæn.drʌf/

Dandruff

Schuppen
Meaning
small white or grey flakes of dead skin that form on the scalp and fall from the hair
Example
He used a special shampoo to treat his persistent dandruff problem.
Er benutzte ein spezielles Shampoo, um sein hartnäckiges Problem mit Schuppen zu behandeln.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɜːrs/

disperse

zerstreuen
Meaning
To scatter or spread widely in different directions.
Example
The police used tear gas to disperse the crowd.
Die Polizei hat Tränengas eingesetzt, um die Menge zu zerstreuen.
C1 adjective /dɪˈvɪzəbl/

divisible

teilbar
Meaning
Capable of being divided by another number without leaving a remainder.
Example
Twelve is divisible by three and four.
Zwölf ist durch drei und vier teilbar.
C1 noun /dɪˈkriː/

Decree

Dekret
Meaning
an official order issued by a legal authority; a judicial decision or edict
Example
The king issued a decree that all citizens must pay additional taxes.
Der König erließ ein Dekret, dass alle Bürger zusätzliche Steuern zahlen müssen.
C1 noun dɪˈspær.ə.ti

disparity

Disparität
Meaning
A great difference or inequality.
Example
Disparity between countries must be reduced.
Die Disparität zwischen den Ländern muss reduziert werden.
C1 verb /dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/

depreciate

abwerten
Meaning
to reduce in value over time
Example
Cars tend to depreciate quickly in their first few years.
Autos neigen dazu, schnell an Wert zu verlieren in den ersten Jahren.
C1 verb /dɪsˈlɒdʒ/

dislodge

vertreiben
Meaning
To remove or force out from a position, especially one that is fixed or hard to move.
Example
The troops dislodged the enemy from the hill.
Die Truppen vertrieben den Feind vom Hügel.
C1 noun /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

denunciation

Denunziation / öffentliche Anklage
Meaning
the public condemnation or accusation of someone or something
Example
The journalist's article was a strong denunciation of corruption.
Der Artikel des Journalisten war eine starke Denunziation der Korruption.
C1 noun /deɪˈtɑːnt/

detente

Entspannung
Meaning
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The two nations worked toward detente after decades of conflict.
Die beiden Nationen arbeiteten nach Jahrzehnten des Konflikts auf Entspannung hin
C1 adjective /dɪˈraɪsɪv/

derisive

spöttisch
Meaning
Expressing contempt or ridicule.
Example
She gave a derisive laugh at his attempt to sing.
Sie gab ein spöttisches Lachen über seinen Versuch zu singen.
C1 adjective dɪˈskrɪmɪnətɔːri

discriminatory

diskriminierend
Meaning
Making or showing an unfair or prejudicial distinction between different categories of people or things.
Example
Discriminatory policies triggered protests.
Diskriminierende Politiken lösten Proteste aus.
C1 verb /dɪˈluːd/

delude

täuschen
Meaning
To mislead someone into believing something that is not true.
Example
He deluded himself into thinking he could win the race without training.
Er täuschte sich selbst, indem er dachte, dass er das Rennen ohne Training gewinnen könnte.
C1 noun /daɪˈvɜː.ʃən/

Diversion

Umleitung
Meaning
the action of turning something aside from its course; an activity that diverts the mind
Example
The road closure forced a diversion through the countryside for all travelers.
Die Straßensperrung zwang zu einer Umleitung durch die Landschaft für alle Reisenden.
C1 adjective /dɪˈklærətɪv/

declarative

aussagend
Meaning
relating to a statement that declares something; in grammar, a sentence that makes a statement
Example
A declarative sentence simply states a fact or opinion.
Ein aussagender Satz stellt einfach eine Tatsache oder Meinung dar.
C1 noun /dɪˌsem.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

dissemination

Verbreitung
Meaning
The action or fact of spreading something, especially information, widely.
Example
The dissemination of false information is a major issue.
Die Verbreitung falscher Informationen ist ein großes Problem.
C1 verb /ˌdɪsˈmaʊnt/

dismount

absteigen
Meaning
to get off or down from something, especially a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle
Example
The rider dismounted from the horse after a long journey.
Der Reiter stieg nach einer langen Reise vom Pferd ab.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɒnstrətɪv/

demonstrative

ausdrucksvoll
Meaning
openly showing feelings, especially affection or emotion
Example
She was very demonstrative with her affection towards her friends.
Sie war sehr ausdrucksvoll mit ihrer Zuneigung zu ihren Freunden.
C1 noun /ˌdɛrɪˈveɪʃən/

derivation

Ableitung
Meaning
The origin or development of something from a source.
Example
The derivation of the word comes from Latin.
Die Ableitung des Wortes kommt aus dem Lateinischen.
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɒndənt/

despondent

niedergeschlagen
Meaning
feeling or showing deep hopelessness or discouragement
Example
She felt despondent after losing her job.
Sie fühlte sich niedergeschlagen, nachdem sie ihren Job verloren hatte.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪn.dʒi/

Dingy

dunkel und schmutzig; trübe in der Farbe
Meaning
dark and dirty; gloomy; dull in color
Example
The old building had dingy walls that needed painting.
Das alte Gebäude hatte schmutzige Wände, die gestrichen werden mussten.
C1 noun /dɪˈvɪnɪti/

divinity

göttlichkeit
Meaning
The quality or state of being divine; a deity.
Example
The priest spoke about the divinity of the soul.
Der Priester sprach über die Göttlichkeit der Seele.
C1 verb /dɪsˈɡrʌntl/

disgruntle

verärgern
Meaning
to make someone dissatisfied or discontented
Example
The unfair treatment disgruntled the workers.
Die ungerechte Behandlung verärgerte die Arbeiter.
C1 verb /dɪsˈoʊn/

disown

enterben
Meaning
to refuse to acknowledge or accept responsibility for someone or something
Example
He decided to disown his reckless brother.
Er entschied sich, seinen rücksichtslosen Bruder zu enterben.
C1 verb /dɪsˈhɑːrtn/

dishearten

entmutigen
Meaning
to cause someone to lose determination or confidence; to discourage
Example
The constant rejection letters began to dishearten the young writer.
Die ständigen Ablehnungsbriefe begannen, den jungen Schriftsteller zu entmutigen.
C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

verlassen; einsam; öde
Meaning
deserted; lonely; barren
Example
The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.
Das verlassene Dorf sah verlassen und leer aus.
C1 adjective /dɪˈstrɔːt/

distraught

verstört
Meaning
extremely upset and anxious, often to the point of being unable to think clearly
Example
She was distraught after losing her pet.
Sie war verstört, nachdem sie ihr Haustier verloren hatte.
C1 noun ˌdaɪvɜːsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

diversification

Diversifikation
Meaning
The practice of spreading investments across various assets or sectors to reduce risk.
Example
Diversification helps to reduce investment risk.
Diversifikation hilft, das Investitionsrisiko zu verringern.
C1 adjective deft

deft

geschickt
Meaning
Neatly skillful and quick in one's movements; dexterous and adroit.
Example
The artist's deft hands created a masterpiece.
Die geschickten Hände des Künstlers schufen ein Meisterwerk.
C1 verb/adjective /dɪˈdʒɛnəreɪt/

degenerate

degenerieren
Meaning
To decline or deteriorate in quality, character, or condition; or someone with low moral standards.
Example
The once thriving empire began to degenerate into chaos.
Das einst blühende Reich begann, in Chaos zu degenerieren.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɛns/

dispense

verteilen
Meaning
To distribute or provide something, especially in portions.
Example
The machine dispenses clean drinking water.
Die Maschine dispensiert sauberes Trinkwasser.
C1 verb /dɪsˈtrʌst/

distrust

misstrauen
Meaning
to have no confidence or trust in someone or something
Example
Many people distrust politicians.
Viele Menschen misstrauen Politikern.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs/

disingenuous

heuchlerisch
Meaning
not candid or sincere; giving a false appearance of honesty or openness
Example
She gave a disingenuous excuse for missing the meeting.
Sie gab eine heuchlerische Ausrede, um das Treffen zu verpassen.
C1 verb /dəˈmɛstɪkeɪt/

domesticate

domestizieren
Meaning
to tame an animal for use by humans; to adapt something for domestic use
Example
Humans domesticated dogs thousands of years ago.
Menschen domestizierten Hunde vor Tausenden von Jahren.
C1 verb /dɪˈdjuːs/

deduce

schließen
Meaning
to reach a conclusion by reasoning or inference
Example
From the evidence, the detective deduced that the suspect was lying.
Aus den Beweisen schloss der Detektiv, dass der Verdächtige log.
C1 noun /ˌdaɪəˈrɑːmə/

diorama

Diorama
Meaning
a three-dimensional model representing a scene, often with miniature figures
Example
The museum displayed a diorama of an ancient village.
Das Museum zeigte ein Diorama eines alten Dorfes.
C1 verb /dɪˈflɛkt/

deflect

ablenken / ausweichen
Meaning
to cause something to change direction; to avoid answering directly
Example
The shield deflected the incoming arrow.
Der Schild hat den eintreffenden Pfeil abgelenkt.
C1 noun dɪˌlɪb.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deliberation

Überlegung
Meaning
Long and careful consideration or discussion.
Example
The agreement was finalized after much deliberation.
Die Vereinbarung wurde nach viel Überlegung finalisiert.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɛl/

dispel

vertreiben
Meaning
to make a doubt, feeling, or belief disappear
Example
The teacher's explanation dispelled the students' confusion.
Die Erklärung des Lehrers zerstreute die Verwirrung der Schüler.
C1 noun /doʊ/

doe

Reh
Meaning
a female deer, especially an adult one
Example
The doe and her fawn were grazing in the meadow.
Das Reh und ihr Kitz grasten auf der Wiese.
C1 noun /ˈdɑː.mə.saɪl/

domicile

Wohnsitz
Meaning
A person's legal residence or permanent home.
Example
He declared Canada as his legal domicile.
Er erklärte Kanada als seinen rechtlichen Wohnsitz.
C1 noun /ˈdaʊri/

dowry

Morgengabe
Meaning
Property or money brought by a bride to her husband at marriage.
Example
The dowry tradition is still followed in some cultures.
Die Tradition der Morgengabe wird in einigen Kulturen immer noch befolgt.
C1 phrase ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk rɛz.əˈluː.ʃən

diplomatic resolution

diplomatische Lösung
Meaning
A peaceful solution to conflicts through negotiation and diplomatic channels.
Example
A diplomatic resolution is necessary for peace.
Eine diplomatische Lösung ist notwendig für den Frieden.
C1 noun /ˈdjuːplɛks/

duplex

Doppelhaushälfte
Meaning
A house or apartment divided into two separate residences.
Example
They live in a duplex near the city center.
Sie wohnen in einem Doppelhaus in der Nähe des Stadtzentrums.
C1 noun /ˈdæmpər/

damper

etwas, das die Kraft, Wirkung oder Aufregung reduziert oder verringert
Meaning
something that reduces or lessens the force, effect, or excitement
Example
The cancellation of the trip put a damper on their enthusiasm.
Die Absage der Reise dämpfte ihre Begeisterung.
C1 verb /ˈdɛsɪmeɪt/

decimate

verderben
Meaning
To destroy or kill a large proportion of something.
Example
The wildfire decimated the forest.
Der Waldbrand zerstörte den Wald.
C1 noun /ˈdɪsɪdənt/

dissident

Dissident
Meaning
A person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state.
Example
The dissident was arrested for speaking against the government.
Der Dissident wurde verhaftet, weil er gegen die Regierung sprach.
C1 verb /ˈdɪsləkeɪt/

dislocate

auskugeln
Meaning
To disturb the normal position of something, especially a joint in the body.
Example
He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.
Er hat sich seine Schulter beim Fußballspielen ausgekugelt.
C1 noun dɪˈskrep.ən.siz

discrepancies

Abweichung
Meaning
Differences between things that should be the same
Example
Discrepancies in regulations delay progress.
Abweichungen in den Vorschriften verzögern den Fortschritt.
C1 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.kə.si/

Delicacy

Zartheit; eine ausgesuchte oder teure Speise;
Meaning
fineness of texture or structure; a choice or expensive food; sensitivity in handling
Example
The chef prepared a local delicacy that was famous throughout the region.
Der Koch bereitete eine lokale Delikatesse zu, die in der gesamten Region berühmt war.
C1 verb /ˌdɪskənˈsɜːrt/

disconcert

verunsichern
Meaning
To unsettle, confuse, or disturb the composure of someone.
Example
The sudden change of plans disconcerted the team.
Die plötzliche Änderung der Pläne hat das Team verunsichert.
C1 noun /ˈdɑːsieɪ/

dossier

Aktenordner
Meaning
A collection of documents about a particular person, event, or subject.
Example
The lawyer presented a dossier of evidence to the court.
Der Anwalt reichte dem Gericht ein Dossier mit Beweismaterial vor.
C1 verb /daɪˈɡrɛs/

digress

vorübergehend vom Hauptthema abweichen
Meaning
To leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing.
Example
The professor began to digress from the main topic of the lecture.
Der Professor begann, vom Hauptthema der Vorlesung abzuweichen.
C1 verb /dɪˈɡreɪd/

degrade

herabsetzen
Meaning
To lower in dignity, quality, or value; to treat with disrespect or to deteriorate.
Example
Harsh words can degrade a person's confidence.
Harte Worte können das Selbstvertrauen einer Person herabsetzen.
C1 noun ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən

deposition

Ablagerung, der Vorgang des Absetzens von etwas
Meaning
The action of depositing something; the laying down of matter by a natural process.
Example
River deposition leads to the formation of new landmasses.
Flussablagerungen führen zur Bildung neuer Landmassen.
C1 noun /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

disposition

Disposition
Meaning
A person's usual attitude or temperament; arrangement or tendency.
Example
She has a cheerful disposition despite the difficulties.
Sie hat eine fröhliche Disposition trotz der Schwierigkeiten.
C1 adjective /dɪˈvaʊt/

devout

fromm
Meaning
Deeply religious or sincere.
Example
He is a devout believer who prays every day.
Er ist ein frommer Gläubiger, der jeden Tag betet.
C1 noun dɪˌtɪə.ri.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deterioration

Verschlechterung
Meaning
The process of becoming progressively worse; decline in quality, condition, or strength.
Example
Poor maintenance leads to material deterioration.
Schlechte Wartung führt zu Materialverschlechterung.
C1 adjective /dɪˈplɔːrəbl/

deplorable

verwerflich
Meaning
deserving strong condemnation; shockingly bad in quality
Example
The refugees were living in deplorable conditions.
Die Flüchtlinge lebten unter verwerflichen Bedingungen.
C1 noun /ˈdɛspətɪzəm/

despotism

Despotismus
Meaning
absolute power exercised in a cruel and oppressive way
Example
The people revolted against the era of despotism.
Das Volk erhob sich gegen das Zeitalter des Despotismus.
C1 noun /dɪsˈɒn.ər/

Dishonour

Schande
Meaning
a state of shame or disgrace; lack of honor or integrity; failure to fulfill obligations
Example
Breaking his promise brought dishonour to his name and family legacy.
Das Brechen seines Versprechens brachte Schande auf seinen Namen und sein Familienerbe.
C1 noun /ˈdɒɡmə/

dogma

Dogma
Meaning
A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true.
Example
The religious leader strictly adhered to traditional dogma.
Der religiöse Führer hielt sich streng an das traditionelle Dogma.
C1 verb /dɪˈpoʊz/

depose

absetzen
Meaning
to remove someone from office or power, especially suddenly and forcefully
Example
The rebels managed to depose the dictator after years of unrest.
Die Rebellen schafften es, den Diktator nach Jahren der Unruhen abzusetzen.
C1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiəns/

disobedience

Ungehorsam
Meaning
failure or refusal to obey rules, laws, or authority
Example
The child's disobedience worried his parents.
Der Ungehorsam des Kindes besorgte seine Eltern.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

discerning

scharfsinnig
Meaning
having good judgment or insight; able to distinguish well
Example
He is a discerning reader who notices subtle details.
Er ist ein scharfsinniger Leser, der subtile Details bemerkt.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfɛnsəbəl/

defensible

verteidigbar / gerechtfertigt
Meaning
Capable of being protected against attack or criticism; justifiable.
Example
Her decision was legally defensible.
Ihre Entscheidung war rechtlich verteidigenswert.
C1 noun /dɪˈspɜːrʒən/

dispersion

Verteilung
Meaning
The action or process of distributing things or people over a wide area.
Example
The dispersion of seeds by the wind helps plants reproduce.
Die Verteilung von Samen durch den Wind hilft Pflanzen, sich zu vermehren.
C1 verb /daɪˈleɪt/

dilate

erweitern
Meaning
To make wider, larger, or more open.
Example
The doctor used drops to dilate the patient's pupils.
Der Arzt benutzte Tropfen, um die Pupillen des Patienten zu erweitern.
C1 noun /ˌdez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

Designation

Bezeichnung; Titel; Position; Status
Meaning
the action of choosing someone for a position; a name, title, or official status
Example
His designation as team leader came with additional responsibilities and authority.
Seine Bezeichnung als Teamleiter brachte zusätzliche Verantwortlichkeiten und Befugnisse mit sich.
C1 verb, noun /dɪsˈkrɛdɪt/

discredit

diskreditieren
Meaning
To harm the reputation of someone or something; loss of respect or credibility.
Example
The scandal discredited the politician in the eyes of the public.
Der Skandal diskreditierte den Politiker in den Augen der Öffentlichkeit.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsiːtfəl/

deceitful

betrügerisch
Meaning
Deliberately misleading or dishonest.
Example
She gave a deceitful answer to hide the truth.
Sie gab eine betrügerische Antwort, um die Wahrheit zu verbergen.
C1 verb /dɪˈkraɪ/

decry

verurteilen
Meaning
to publicly criticize or express strong disapproval of something
Example
Many activists decry the destruction of the rainforest.
Viele Aktivisten verurteilen die Zerstörung des Regenwaldes.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnəbl/

discernible

wahrnehmbar
Meaning
able to be seen, recognized, or understood
Example
There was a discernible change in his behavior.
Es gab eine wahrnehmbare Veränderung in seinem Verhalten.
C1 noun /dɪˈskrep.ən.si/

discrepancy

Diskrepanz, Unterschied, Unstimmigkeit
Meaning
A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.
Example
The audit revealed a discrepancy between the reported earnings and actual income.
Die Prüfung hat eine Diskrepanz zwischen den gemeldeten Einnahmen und den tatsächlichen Einkünften aufgedeckt.
C1 noun ˌdɛməˈɡræfɪk trænˈzɪʃən

demographic transition

demografischer Übergang
Meaning
A shift in population patterns from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops economically
Example
The demographic transition indicates a shift towards an aging society.
Der demografische Übergang zeigt einen Wandel hin zu einer alternden Gesellschaft.
C1 verb /dɪˈraɪd/

deride

verspotten
Meaning
to mock or ridicule someone or something
Example
The critics derided the new movie for its poor script.
Die Kritiker verspoteten den neuen Film für sein schlechtes Skript.
C1 noun /ˈdaʊn.pɔːr/

Downpour

starker Regen; plötzlicher Regenschauer
Meaning
a heavy fall of rain; a sudden heavy rainfall
Example
The sudden downpour caught everyone off guard and soaked the outdoor event.
Der plötzliche starke Regen überraschte alle und durchnässte die Veranstaltung im Freien.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛm.ɪ.neɪt/

disseminate

verbreiten
Meaning
To spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people.
Example
Social media helps to disseminate information quickly.
Soziale Medien helfen dabei, Informationen schnell zu verbreiten.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɪnjətɪv/

diminutive

winzig
Meaning
extremely or unusually small
Example
Despite his diminutive size, he was a powerful leader.
Trotz seiner winzigen Größe war er ein mächtiger Anführer.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.kɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

decomposition

Zersetzung
Meaning
the process of decaying or breaking down into simpler parts
Example
The decomposition of leaves enriches the soil.
Die Zersetzung von Blättern bereichert den Boden.
C1 noun dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nənt

determinant

entscheidender Faktor
Meaning
A factor that decisively affects the nature or outcome of something.
Example
Education is a key determinant of success.
Bildung ist ein entscheidender Faktor für den Erfolg.
C1 noun ˌdiː.sen.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

decentralization

Dezentralisierung
Meaning
The transfer of authority from central to local government.
Example
Decentralization promotes regional autonomy.
Dezentralisierung fördert die regionale Autonomie.
C1 verb /dɪˈtrækt/

detract

minderwertig machen
Meaning
To reduce or take away the worth or value of something.
Example
His rude behavior will detract from his good reputation.
Sein unhöfliches Verhalten wird seinen guten Ruf schmälern.
C1 adjective /dɪˈɡreɪdɪd/

degraded

degradiert
Meaning
Reduced in quality, dignity, or condition.
Example
The villagers were forced to live in degraded conditions.
Die Dorfbewohner wurden gezwungen, in degradierten Bedingungen zu leben.
C1 noun /dɪˈfjuːʒən/

diffusion

Diffusion
Meaning
the spreading of something more widely or the movement of particles from high to low concentration
Example
The diffusion of information on social media is rapid.
Die Diffusion von Informationen in sozialen Medien ist schnell.
C1 adjective /dɪˈbeɪst/

debased

herabgesetzt
Meaning
having lost quality, value, or moral character
Example
The debased currency lost the trust of the people.
Die herabgesetzte Währung verlor das Vertrauen der Menschen.
C1 noun /djuːn/

dune

Düne
Meaning
A hill or ridge of sand formed by the wind, usually found in deserts or near beaches.
Example
The children played on the sand dune by the beach.
Die Kinder spielten auf der Sanddüne am Strand.