culmination
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C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

Höhepunkt. Der höchste oder dramatischste Punkt von etwas, insbesondere nach einer langen Zeit.
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
Das Projekt erreichte seinen Höhepunkt nach jahrelangem Einsatz.
C1 noun /krəˈʃɛndoʊ/

crescendo

allmähliche Lautstärkezunahme
Meaning
a gradual increase in loudness or intensity, especially in music
Example
The orchestra built to a powerful crescendo before the finale.
Das Orchester baute zu einem mächtigen Crescendo auf, bevor es zum Finale kam.
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

berechnen
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
Die Software kann die Gesamtkosten in Sekunden berechnen.
C1 adjective /kɑːrˈnɪv.ər.əs/

Carnivorous

karnivor
Meaning
feeding on other animals; meat-eating
Example
Lions are carnivorous animals that hunt other animals for food.
Löwen sind karnivore Tiere, die andere Tiere zur Nahrung jagen.
C1 noun /ˌkɔr.diˈæl.ɪ.ti/

Cordiality

Kordialität; Freundlichkeit
Meaning
sincere affection and kindness; warm and friendly behavior
Example
The host's cordiality made all the guests feel welcome and comfortable.
Die Kordialität des Gastgebers ließ alle Gäste sich willkommen und wohl fühlen.
C1 noun /kənˈtɛnʃən/

contention

Auseinandersetzung, Streit
Meaning
heated disagreement or argument; a point asserted in debate
Example
The main contention between the two parties was over tax reform.
Die Hauptauseinandersetzung zwischen den beiden Parteien war die Steuerreform.
C1 noun/adjective /kənˈfɛdərət/

confederate

Konföderierter
Meaning
a person, group, or state joined in an alliance or union; relating to a confederacy
Example
The confederate soldiers fought bravely in the war.
Die konföderierten Soldaten kämpften tapfer im Krieg.
C1 noun /ˈkɒntrəbænd/

contraband

illegale Ware
Meaning
goods that are illegal to import, export, or possess
Example
The police seized a shipment of contraband cigarettes.
Die Polizei beschlagnahmte eine Lieferung Schmuggelzigaretten.
C1 noun /ˈkʌl.ən.dər/

Colander

Sieb
Meaning
a bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food such as pasta or rice
Example
She drained the pasta using a colander.
Sie hat die Pasta mit einem Sieb abgegossen.
C1 noun /kliːk/

clique

Clique
Meaning
a small, exclusive group of people
Example
The students formed a clique that excluded others.
Die Studenten bildeten eine Clique, die andere ausschloss.
C1 noun ˈkəmˌpaʊndɪŋ

compounding

Zinseszinsen
Meaning
The process whereby interest is added to an amount of money and future interest is calculated on the total.
Example
Compounding interest increases the value of investments over time.
Zinseszinsen erhöhen den Wert von Investitionen im Laufe der Zeit.
C1 noun /ˈtʃænsələr/

chancellor

Kanzler / Rektor
Meaning
A senior state or legal official, or the head of a university.
Example
The chancellor delivered an inspiring speech at the graduation ceremony.
Der Kanzler hielt eine inspirierende Rede bei der Abschlussfeier.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zənt/

cognizant

bewusst
Meaning
Having knowledge or being aware of something.
Example
He was cognizant of the risks before starting the project.
Er war sich der Risiken bewusst, bevor er das Projekt startete.
C1 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈbæləns/

counterbalance

ausgleichen
Meaning
to offset or balance the effect of something
Example
Exercise can counterbalance the negative effects of stress.
Übung kann die negativen Auswirkungen von Stress ausgleichen.
C1 noun /ˈkɒz.moʊs/

Cosmos

kosmos blume
Meaning
a colorful annual flower with daisy-like blooms and feathery foliage
Example
The cosmos flowers swayed gently in the summer breeze across the meadow.
Die Cosmos-Blumen schwangen sanft im Sommerwind über die Wiese.
C1 verb /krɪndʒ/

cringe

zusammenzucken
Meaning
To shrink back in fear, embarrassment, or discomfort.
Example
She cringed when she remembered her mistake.
Sie zuckte zusammen, als sie an ihren Fehler dachte.
C1 adjective ˈkɒn.təm.plə.tɪv

contemplative

nachdenklich oder meditative
Meaning
Expressing or involving prolonged thought; meditative and reflective.
Example
He spent a contemplative evening reflecting on his decisions.
Er verbrachte einen kontemplativen Abend damit, über seine Entscheidungen nachzudenken.
C1 noun /kəˈpɪl.ər.iz/

capillaries

Kapillaren
Meaning
Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Example
Broken capillaries cause dark circles.
Kapillaren verursachen dunkle Ringe.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒnsɪˈkwɛnʃəl/

consequential

entscheidend
Meaning
Having important or significant consequences; resulting from something.
Example
The meeting was consequential for the future of the project.
Das Treffen war entscheidend für die Zukunft des Projekts.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

Chiffre
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Militärnachrichten werden mit einem Cipher geschützt.
C1 noun /ˈkʌˈs.tə.di/

Custody

Sorgerecht; Haft; Vormundschaft
Meaning
the protective care or guardianship of someone or something; imprisonment or detention
Example
After the divorce, they shared custody of their children equally.
Nach der Scheidung teilten sie sich das Sorgerecht für ihre Kinder gleichermaßen.
C1 adjective /kənˈkluː.sɪv/

Conclusive

abschließend; entscheidend; eine Angelegenheit endgültig klärend
Meaning
final; decisive; settling a matter completely
Example
The evidence was conclusive and left no room for doubt.
Die Beweise waren eindeutig und ließen keinen Raum für Zweifel.
C1 noun /kənˈfɛdərəsi/

confederacy

Konföderation
Meaning
a group of states, people, or organizations united for a common purpose
Example
The southern states formed a confederacy during the civil war.
Die südlichen Staaten bildeten während des Bürgerkriegs eine Konföderation.
C1 adjective /ˌkætəˈklɪzmɪk/

cataclysmic

katastrophal
Meaning
Relating to or denoting a violent natural event or upheaval.
Example
The war had cataclysmic effects on the nation's economy.
Der Krieg hatte katastrophale Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaft des Landes.
C1 verb /kəˈluːd/

collude

verschwören
Meaning
To secretly cooperate or conspire with others, often for a deceitful purpose.
Example
The two companies colluded to fix prices in the market.
Die beiden Firmen verschworen sich, um die Preise auf dem Markt festzulegen.
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

Krücke, Unterstützung
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
Er musste nach dem Bruch seines Beins Krücken benutzen.
C1 noun /kəˈluːʒən/

collusion

Kollusion
Meaning
A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.
Example
There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors.
Es gab Beweise für eine Kollusion zwischen den Beamten und den Auftragnehmern.
C1 noun /ˈkæzəm/

chasm

Kluft / großer Unterschied
Meaning
a deep fissure in the earth's surface or a wide difference between people or ideas
Example
There was a great chasm between the two political parties.
Es gab eine große Kluft zwischen den beiden politischen Parteien.
C1 noun /ˈklaɪəntɛl/

clientele

Klientel
Meaning
The clients or customers of a professional person or business.
Example
The salon's clientele includes many high-profile individuals.
Die Klientel des Salons umfasst viele hochrangige Persönlichkeiten.
C1 noun /kəˈmoʊʃən/

commotion

Aufruhr
Meaning
A state of noisy confusion or disturbance.
Example
The sudden commotion in the market drew everyone's attention.
Die plötzliche Aufregung auf dem Markt zog die Aufmerksamkeit aller auf sich.
C1 adjective /ˈsiːs.ləs/

Ceaseless

unaufhörlich; stetig
Meaning
continuing without pause or interruption; endless
Example
The ceaseless rain lasted for three days.
Der unaufhörliche Regen dauerte drei Tage.
C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

gehorsam
Meaning
Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.
Example
She was compliant with all the safety requirements.
Sie war compliant mit allen Sicherheitsanforderungen.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtɪlɪdʒ/

cartilage

Knorpel
Meaning
A firm, flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body such as joints, ear, and nose.
Example
The doctor explained that the injury damaged the cartilage in his knee.
Der Arzt erklärte, dass die Verletzung den Knorpel in seinem Knie beschädigt hatte.
C1 verb /ˌkɒm.pɑːtˈmen.təl.aɪz/

compartmentalize

unterteilen
Meaning
To divide into sections or categories; to separate things into compartments.
Example
To increase efficiency, he compartmentalized his work tasks.
Um die Effizienz zu steigern, unterteilte er seine Arbeitsaufgaben.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

corporal

korporal
Meaning
relating to the body; a low-ranking officer in the military
Example
He suffered a corporal punishment for his mistake.
Er erlebte eine körperliche Strafe für seinen Fehler.
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

umgangssprache
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
Der Roman ist voller regionaler Umgangssprachen.
C1 adjective, verb, noun /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

counterfeit

gefälscht
Meaning
made to look like something genuine in order to deceive
Example
The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency.
Die Polizei beschlagnahmte eine Ladung gefälschter Geldscheine.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtrɪdʒ/

cartridge

Tintenpatrone
Meaning
A container holding a substance or device, such as ink for printers or bullets for firearms.
Example
The printer stopped working because the ink cartridge was empty.
Der Drucker hörte auf zu arbeiten, weil die Tintenpatrone leer war.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/

countenance

Gesicht, Ausdruck; Unterstützung
Meaning
a person's face or expression; support or approval
Example
Her cheerful countenance brightened the room.
Ihr fröhliches Gesicht erhellte den Raum.
C1 noun /ˈkɒndjuɪt/ or /ˈkɑːnduɪt/

conduit

rohr / medium
Meaning
a channel or pipe for conveying water, electricity, or information
Example
The cable was placed inside a protective conduit.
Das Kabel wurde in ein schützendes Rohr gelegt.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.ju.əns/

continuance

Fortsetzung
Meaning
the state of continuing or being prolonged; persistence
Example
The continuance of the project depended on securing additional funding.
Die Fortsetzung des Projekts hing von der Sicherstellung zusätzlicher Mittel ab.
C1 phrase ˌkæt.əˈɡɒr.ɪ.kəl.i rɪˈfjuː.tɪd

categorically refuted

kategorisch widerlegt
Meaning
Completely and absolutely denied or disproved.
Example
The claims were categorically refuted by officials.
Die Behauptungen wurden kategorisch von den Beamten widerlegt.
C1 verb /ˈkʌvət/

covet

begehren
Meaning
to desire something belonging to someone else
Example
He coveted his neighbor's new car.
Er begehrte das neue Auto seines Nachbarn.
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

Übereinstimmung
Meaning
The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.
Example
The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.
Das Produkt wurde auf Übereinstimmung mit den Sicherheitsstandards getestet.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæriət/

Chariot

Kriegsgespann
Meaning
an ancient horse-drawn vehicle used in warfare and racing
Example
The warrior rode his chariot into battle with great courage.
Der Krieger fuhr mit seinem Kriegsgespann mutig in die Schlacht.
C1 adjective sɪˈlɛstʃəl

celestial

himmlisch
Meaning
Positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy.
Example
The celestial bodies in the sky were clearly visible last night.
Die himmlischen Körper am Himmel waren letzte Nacht deutlich sichtbar.
C1 verb /kənˈfleɪt/

conflate

vermischt / kombiniert
Meaning
To combine two or more things, often confusingly, into one.
Example
The article tends to conflate facts with opinions.
Der Artikel neigt dazu, Fakten mit Meinungen zu vermischen.
C1 adjective /kənˈsɛntrɪk/

concentric

konzentrisch
Meaning
having a common center, as in circles or spheres
Example
The artist drew concentric circles on the canvas.
Der Künstler malte konzentrische Kreise auf die Leinwand.
C1 noun/adjective /klɛft/

cleft

Riss
Meaning
a split or crack; a space or opening made by cleavage
Example
The goat disappeared into a cleft in the rocks.
Die Ziege verschwand in einem Riss im Felsen.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

Commonwealth
Meaning
an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations
Example
Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Australien ist Mitglied des Commonwealth der Nationen.
C1 adjective /kənˈsɜːrtɪd/

concerted

konzertiert
Meaning
done with great effort, planned and performed together by multiple people
Example
The workers made a concerted effort to improve conditions.
Die Arbeiter leisteten einen konzertierten Versuch, die Bedingungen zu verbessern.
C1 adjective /ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/

cumulative

kumulativ
Meaning
Increasing gradually by addition; growing in quantity, force, or effect.
Example
The cumulative effect of stress can harm your health.
Die kumulative Wirkung von Stress kann Ihrer Gesundheit schaden.
C1 adjective /kənˈdjuː.sɪv/

conducive

förderlich
Meaning
Making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible; contributing to or helping to bring about.
Example
A quiet environment is conducive to studying.
Eine ruhige Umgebung ist förderlich für das Studium.
C1 adjective kəˈlɒs.əl

Colossal

kolossal
Meaning
Extremely large, gigantic, enormous in size or extent.
Example
The colossal pyramids of Egypt are a marvel of architecture.
Die kolossalen Pyramiden von Ägypten sind ein Wunder der Architektur.
C1 adjective /ˈʃɪvəlrəs/

chivalrous

ritterlich
Meaning
Behaving in a courteous, gallant, and honorable way, especially toward women.
Example
He was chivalrous, always opening doors for others.
Er war ritterlich, öffnete immer Türen für andere.
C1 adjective /kɔɪ/

coy

schüchtern, zurückhaltend
Meaning
reluctant to give details or reveal feelings; shy or reserved
Example
She gave a coy smile when asked about her plans.
Sie schenkte ein schüchternes Lächeln, als sie nach ihren Plänen gefragt wurde.
C1 noun /kənˈspɪrə.tər/

conspirator

Verschwörer
Meaning
a person who secretly plans with others to do something unlawful or harmful
Example
The conspirator was arrested before the plan could be carried out.
Der Verschwörer wurde festgenommen, bevor der Plan umgesetzt werden konnte.
C1 noun kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

Consolidation

Speicherfestigung
Meaning
The process of converting newly learned information into long-term memory
Example
Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation.
Schlaf spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Konsolidierung von Erinnerungen.
C1 noun /ˈkjuːmɪn/

Cumin

Kreuzkümmel
Meaning
A spice made from the dried seeds of a plant in the parsley family, with a warm earthy flavor
Example
Cumin is an essential spice in Indian and Middle Eastern cooking.
Kreuzkümmel ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der indischen und nahöstlichen Küche.
C1 verb /ˈkæptɪveɪt/

captivate

fesseln, anziehen
Meaning
to attract and hold the interest of; to charm or fascinate
Example
Her beautiful voice captivated the audience.
Ihre schöne Stimme fesselte das Publikum.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæplɪn/

chaplain

Seelsorger
Meaning
A member of the clergy attached to a private chapel, institution, hospital, or military unit.
Example
The army chaplain offered prayers before the battle.
Der Militärseelsorger sprach Gebete vor der Schlacht.
C1 noun /ˌkɒk.əˈtuː/

Cockatoo

Kakadu
Meaning
a large parrot with a prominent crest that can be raised or lowered
Example
The white cockatoo raised its beautiful crest.
Der weiße Kakadu hob seinen schönen Kamm.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪɡ.ju.əs/

contiguous

benachbart
Meaning
sharing a common border; touching
Example
The two continguous houses shared a wall.
Die beiden benachbarten Häuser teilten sich eine Wand.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrdiəl/

Cordial

herzlich; aufrichtig; freundlich
Meaning
warmly friendly; sincere; heartfelt
Example
She gave us a cordial welcome at the front door.
Sie gab uns einen herzlichen Empfang an der Haustür.
C1 verb /kriːk/

creak

ein hohes, quietschendes Geräusch machen
Meaning
to make a high-pitched, squeaking noise when moved
Example
The old door creaked as she opened it.
Die alte Tür knarrte, als sie sie öffnete.
C1 noun /ˈkævərn/

cavern

Höhle
Meaning
a large cave or chamber in a cave
Example
The explorers entered a dark cavern beneath the mountain.
Die Entdecker gingen in eine dunkle Höhle unter dem Berg.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns/

convalescence

Genesungsphase
Meaning
the period of time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
His convalescence lasted for almost two months after the accident.
Seine Genesungsphase dauerte fast zwei Monate nach dem Unfall.
C1 noun ˈkɔː.pəs

corpus

eine große Sammlung linguistischer Daten, die für die Sprachforschung und Analyse verwendet wird
Meaning
A large collection of linguistic data used for language analysis and research.
Example
Linguists use a corpus to analyze language patterns.
Linguisten verwenden ein Korpus, um Sprachmuster zu analysieren.
C1 verb /kənˈtɛkstʃuəlaɪz/

contextualize

kontextualisieren
Meaning
to place something in a context or interpret it in relation to its surroundings
Example
The teacher contextualized the historical event to make it more relevant for students.
Der Lehrer hat das historische Ereignis kontextualisiert, um es für die Schüler relevanter zu machen.
C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

Konglomerat
Meaning
A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.
Example
The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.
Das Unternehmen wurde zu einem multinationalen Konglomerat.
C1 verb /kraʊtʃ/

crouch

kauern
Meaning
to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground
Example
The cat crouched before leaping at its prey.
Die Katze kauerte sich nieder, bevor sie auf ihre Beute sprang.
C1 noun /krʌˈsteɪʃən/

crustacean

aquatisches Tier mit hartem Panzer
Meaning
an aquatic animal with a hard shell, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps
Example
Crabs and lobsters are well-known crustaceans.
Krabben und Hummer sind bekannte Krebstiere.
C1 noun /kəʊˈhiːʒən/

cohesion

Zusammenhalt
Meaning
The action or fact of forming a united whole.
Example
The team showed excellent cohesion throughout the project.
Das Team zeigte hervorragenden Zusammenhalt während des Projekts.
C1 noun /ˌkʌl də ˈsæk/

cul de sac

Sackgasse
Meaning
A street or passage closed at one end; a dead end.
Example
They bought a house at the end of a quiet cul de sac.
Sie kauften ein Haus am Ende einer ruhigen Sackgasse.
C1 noun /kənˈtʃɛrtoʊ/

concerto

Musikalische Komposition
Meaning
a musical composition for one or more solo instruments accompanied by an orchestra
Example
She played a Mozart concerto with the orchestra.
Sie spielte ein Mozart-Konzert mit dem Orchester.
C1 noun/verb /ˈkætəpʌlt/

catapult

Katapult
Meaning
A device for launching objects at high speed; to hurl or launch something suddenly.
Example
The invention catapulted him to international fame.
Die Erfindung katapultierte ihn zu internationalem Ruhm.
C1 verb কনডেন্স

condense

kondensieren
Meaning
To change from gas to liquid form; to become denser.
Example
Water vapor condenses into raindrops.
Wasserdampf kondensiert zu Regentropfen.
C1 verb /ˈkɒr.ə.leɪt/

correlate

eine Beziehung herstellen
Meaning
To have a mutual relationship or connection; to establish a relationship between two or more things.
Example
Researchers found that diet and mental health correlate strongly.
Forscher fanden heraus, dass Diät und mentale Gesundheit stark miteinander korrelieren.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

angeboren
Meaning
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
Example
The child was born with a congenital heart defect.
Das Kind wurde mit einem angeborenen Herzfehler geboren.
C1 verb /kənˈdəʊn/

condone

kondonieren
Meaning
To accept or allow behavior that is morally wrong or offensive.
Example
The manager refused to condone harassment in the workplace.
Der Manager weigerte sich, Belästigung am Arbeitsplatz zu kondonieren.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.keɪv/

concave

konkav
Meaning
curved inward like the inside of a bowl
Example
The mirror had a concave surface that magnified her reflection.
Der Spiegel hatte eine konkave Oberfläche, die ihr Spiegelbild vergrößerte.
C1 verb /ˈkælɪˌbreɪt/

calibrate

Kalibrieren
Meaning
To adjust or mark something so it can be used accurately; to standardize.
Example
The technician calibrated the machine before starting the experiment.
Der Techniker kalibriert die Maschine, bevor das Experiment beginnt.
C1 noun /ˈklæmər/

clamor

Lärm
Meaning
a loud and confused noise, especially of people shouting insistently
Example
The clamor of the protesting crowd filled the square.
Der Lärm der protestierenden Menge erfüllte den Platz.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔː.zəl/

causal

kausal
Meaning
relating to or acting as a cause
Example
There is a causal link between smoking and cancer.
Es gibt einen kausalen Zusammenhang zwischen Rauchen und Krebs.
C1 noun /saɪˈteɪʃən/

citation

Zitation
Meaning
a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author
Example
The research paper included a citation from Shakespeare.
Das Forschungspapier enthielt ein Zitat von Shakespeare.
C1 noun /kliːˈʃeɪ/

cliche

Klümpchen
Meaning
An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact.
Example
The speech was filled with old clichés that failed to inspire the audience.
Die Rede war voll von alten Klischees, die das Publikum nicht inspirieren konnten.
C1 noun, verb /kriːs/

crease

Falte, Knick
Meaning
a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle
Example
She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease.
Sie bügelte das Hemd sorgfältig, um jede Falte zu entfernen.
C1 noun /ˈkroʊniˌɪzəm/

cronyism

Freunderlwirtschaft
Meaning
The practice of favoring friends or associates, especially in political appointments or business deals.
Example
The company was accused of cronyism in hiring practices.
Das Unternehmen wurde des Klientelismus in den Einstellungsverfahren beschuldigt.
C1 adjective ˈkʌm.bə.səm

cumbersome

schwer, sperrig, schwierig zu handhaben
Meaning
Heavy, unwieldy, difficult to handle or carry.
Example
The cumbersome luggage slowed him down.
Das schwere Gepäck hat ihn langsamer gemacht.
C1 verb /ˈkænvəs/

canvass

Stimmen sammeln
Meaning
to solicit votes or opinions; to examine thoroughly; to discuss in detail
Example
They will canvass the neighborhood for votes.
Sie werden die Nachbarschaft für Stimmen abklappern.
C1 adjective /kræs/

crass

krass, ohne Sensibilität oder Raffinesse
Meaning
lacking sensitivity, refinement, or intelligence
Example
His crass remarks offended everyone at the meeting.
Seine krassen Bemerkungen beleidigten alle bei der Besprechung.
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

verengen
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
Die Schlange verengte ihre Beute, bevor sie sie verschlang.
C1 verb /kəˈmɛmɔˌreɪt/

commemorate

kommemorieren
Meaning
To honor and remember someone or something through a ceremony or action.
Example
The statue was built to commemorate the fallen heroes.
Die Statue wurde errichtet, um die gefallenen Helden zu ehren.
C1 noun /kæʃ/

cache

Cache
Meaning
A hidden storage of items or a high-speed memory in computing.
Example
The hikers found a cache of supplies hidden under the rocks.
Die Wanderer fanden ein verstecktes Vorratslager unter den Felsen.
C1 adjective /ˈkjʊərəbl/

curable

heilbar
Meaning
Able to be cured or healed.
Example
The doctor assured her that the disease was curable.
Der Arzt versicherte ihr, dass die Krankheit heilbar war.
C1 noun /kəˈmændər ɪn tʃiːf/

Commander-in-chief

Oberbefehlshaber
Meaning
the supreme leader of a nation's armed forces
Example
The president serves as the commander-in-chief of the military.
Der Präsident dient als Oberbefehlshaber der Streitkräfte.
C1 verb /ˈkrɒs.briːd/

crossbreed

kreuzen
Meaning
to produce an animal or plant by mating two different breeds, varieties, or species
Example
Farmers crossbreed cows to improve milk production.
Bauern kreuzen Kühe, um die Milchproduktion zu verbessern.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɔːrt/

consort

Partner, königlicher Gemahl
Meaning
To associate with someone, typically with disapproval; also, a spouse of a reigning monarch.
Example
He was criticized for consorting with criminals.
Er wurde kritisiert, weil er mit Kriminellen verkehrte.
C1 noun /kənˈtentmənt/

contentment

Zufriedenheit
Meaning
a state of happiness and satisfaction with what one has
Example
She felt a deep sense of contentment after helping others.
Sie verspürte tiefe Zufriedenheit, nachdem sie anderen geholfen hatte.
C1 adjective ˈser.ɪ.brəl

cerebral

zerebral
Meaning
Of the cerebrum of the brain.
Example
Cerebral functions regulate thoughts.
Zerebrale Funktionen regulieren Gedanken.
C1 noun /ˈsɪtəˌdɛl/

citadel

Zitadelle
Meaning
A fortress protecting or dominating a city.
Example
The ancient citadel stood guard over the town for centuries.
Die alte Zitadelle bewachte die Stadt über Jahrhunderte.
C1 verb /kənˈviːn/

convene

zusammenkommen, eine Besprechung oder Versammlung einberufen
Meaning
to come together or assemble, especially for a meeting or formal gathering
Example
The board will convene tomorrow to discuss the new policy.
Der Vorstand wird sich morgen treffen, um die neue Politik zu besprechen.
C1 noun ˌkæl.ɪˈbreɪ.ʃən

calibration

Kalibrierung
Meaning
The action or process of adjusting or determining the accuracy of measuring instruments.
Example
The accuracy of a scale depends on regular calibration.
Die Genauigkeit einer Waage hängt von regelmäßiger Kalibrierung ab.
C1 adjective /kənˈvɜːrdʒənt/

convergent

konvergent
Meaning
tending to move toward a common point or result
Example
The two rivers have a convergent path before entering the lake.
Die beiden Flüsse haben einen konvergierenden Weg, bevor sie in den See münden.
C1 noun /ˈtʃɪz.əl/

Chisel

Meißel
Meaning
a tool with a sharp flat edge used for cutting or shaping wood, stone, or metal
Example
The carpenter used a chisel to carve the wood.
Der Zimmermann benutzte einen Meißel, um das Holz zu schnitzen.
C1 noun /ˈkoʊhɔːrt/

cohort

kohorte
Meaning
A group of people with a shared characteristic, usually of the same age or with a common experience.
Example
The study tracked a cohort of students over ten years.
Die Studie verfolgte eine Kohorte von Studenten über zehn Jahre.
C1 noun /kəmˈpəʊ.ʒər/

composure

Zustand der Ruhe und Selbstbeherrschung
Meaning
The state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself.
Example
She maintained her composure during the interview.
Sie bewahrte ihre Ruhe während des Interviews.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrlər/

curler

Lockenwickler
Meaning
A small roller used for curling hair.
Example
She used a curler to style her hair for the party.
Sie benutzte einen Lockenstab, um ihre Haare für die Party zu stylen.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.ləs/

Cheerless

trostlos; düster; traurig; ohne Freude
Meaning
lacking happiness or comfort; gloomy; depressing; without cheer
Example
The old house looked cheerless and abandoned in the winter rain.
Das alte Haus sah trostlos und verlassen im Winterregen aus.
C1 noun /ˌkɔːriˈɒɡrəfi/

choreography

Choreografie
Meaning
The art of designing and arranging dances and movements.
Example
The choreography of the ballet was breathtaking.
Die Choreografie des Balletts war atemberaubend.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊərdɪs/

cowardice

Feigheit
Meaning
lack of courage; behavior showing fear
Example
His cowardice prevented him from speaking up.
Seine Feigheit hinderte ihn daran, zu sprechen.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒən.si/

contingency

Notfallplan
Meaning
A provision for an unforeseen event or circumstance, especially in financial planning.
Example
The company has a contingency plan for economic downturns.
Das Unternehmen hat einen Notfallplan für wirtschaftliche Abschwünge.
C1 adjective /ˈkrɪm.zən/

Crimson

dunkelrot
Meaning
a deep purplish-red color
Example
The crimson sunset painted the sky with beautiful shades.
Der dunkelrote Sonnenuntergang malte den Himmel mit schönen Farben.
C1 noun /ˈkænən/

canon

Kanon
Meaning
A general law, rule, principle, or collection of sacred books accepted as genuine.
Example
The book is now considered part of the literary canon.
Das Buch wird jetzt als Teil des literarischen Kanons betrachtet.
C1 noun /krʌst/

crust

Kruste
Meaning
the hard outer surface of something, especially bread or the Earth's outer layer
Example
He cut off the crust of the bread before eating.
Er schnitt die Kruste des Brotes ab, bevor er aß.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊntərˌpɔɪnt/

counterpoint

Kontrapunkt
Meaning
an argument, idea, or theme contrasting with another; also a musical term for independent melody
Example
Her calm attitude was a counterpoint to his anger.
Ihre ruhige Haltung war ein Kontrapunkt zu seinem Ärger.
C1 noun /kuːp/

coop

ein kleiner Stall oder Käfig für Hühner oder andere Vögel
Meaning
a small enclosure or cage for chickens or other birds
Example
The farmer checked the chickens in the coop every morning.
Der Bauer überprüfte jeden Morgen die Hühner im Stall.
C1 noun ˌkɒm.pjʊˈteɪ.ʃən

computation

Berechnung
Meaning
The action of mathematical calculation.
Example
Complex computation is required for AI models.
Komplexe Berechnungen sind für KI-Modelle erforderlich.
C1 noun /səˈvɪləti/

civility

Zivilität
Meaning
Polite and courteous behavior.
Example
He treated his opponent with civility despite their differences.
Er behandelte seinen Gegner mit Zivilität, trotz ihrer Unterschiede.
C1 noun /krəˈnɒlədʒi/

chronology

Chronologie
Meaning
The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence.
Example
The chronology of the dynasty was carefully studied by historians.
Die Chronologie der Dynastie wurde sorgfältig von Historikern studiert.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnfɪskeɪt/

confiscate

konfiszieren
Meaning
to take something away officially, often as a punishment
Example
The teacher confiscated the student's phone during class.
Der Lehrer konfiskierte das Handy des Schülers während des Unterrichts.