coalition
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B2 noun /ˌkoʊəˈlɪʃən/

coalition

Koalition
Meaning
a temporary alliance of distinct parties, persons, or states for joint action
Example
Several parties formed a coalition to pass the new law.
Mehrere Parteien bildeten eine Koalition, um das neue Gesetz zu verabschieden.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒmɪkəl/

comical

komisch
Meaning
Funny in a strange or silly way; amusing.
Example
His comical expressions made everyone laugh.
Seine komischen Ausdrücke brachten alle zum Lachen.
C2 noun /kəmˈpleɪsəns/

complacence

Selbstzufriedenheit
Meaning
a feeling of quiet pleasure or self-satisfaction, often without awareness of potential danger
Example
His complacence prevented him from noticing the risks.
Seine Selbstzufriedenheit hinderte ihn daran, die Risiken zu bemerken.
B2 noun /ˈkʌmbæk/

comeback

Rückkehr
Meaning
A return to a former status or success after a period of decline.
Example
The singer made a remarkable comeback after years of silence.
Der Sänger machte nach Jahren der Stille eine bemerkenswerte Rückkehr.
C1 noun /ˈkɒmən kɑːp/

Common Carp

Karpfen
Meaning
A large freshwater fish widely cultivated for food
Example
Common carp is an important fish in aquaculture.
Der Karpfen ist ein wichtiger Fisch in der Aquakultur.
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

verengen
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
Die Schlange verengte ihre Beute, bevor sie sie verschlang.
B1 noun /tʃiːk/

Cheek

Wange; Unverschämtheit;
Meaning
either side of the face below the eye; impudent or disrespectful behavior
Example
The baby's rosy cheeks showed she was healthy and happy.
Die rosigen Wangen des Babys zeigten, dass es gesund und glücklich war.
C2 noun /kənˌdʒiː.niˈæl.ə.t̬i/

congeniality

Zuvorkommenheit
Meaning
The quality of being pleasant, friendly, and easy to talk to.
Example
His congeniality makes him popular among friends.
Seine Zuvorkommenheit macht ihn unter seinen Freunden beliebt.
C2 verb /ˈtʃeɪfɪŋ/

chafing

reiben bis es schmerzt
Meaning
To make sore by rubbing; to become irritated.
Example
The rough shoes were chafing his heels.
Die rauen Schuhe rieben an seinen Fersen.
B1 adjective /ˈtʃɪli/

chilly

kalt
Meaning
uncomfortably or unpleasantly cold
Example
It was a chilly morning in December.
Es war ein kalter Morgen im Dezember.
C2 noun /kənˈfɛsər/

confessor

Beichtvater
Meaning
A person who confesses sins or secrets, especially to a priest.
Example
The confessor listened patiently to the troubled man.
Der Beichtvater hörte dem besorgten Mann geduldig zu.
B2 noun /kənˈsɛʃən/

concession

Konzession
Meaning
something that is granted, especially in response to demands; a compromise
Example
The company made several concessions during the negotiations.
Das Unternehmen machte mehrere Konzessionen während der Verhandlungen.
B2 noun /ˈkrɪstəl/

crystal

Kristall
Meaning
a clear, transparent mineral or glass that forms a solid structure with regular patterns
Example
She wore a necklace made of sparkling crystal.
Sie trug eine Halskette aus funkelndem Kristall.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptəbl/

contemptible

verachtenswert, abscheulich
Meaning
deserving of contempt; despicable
Example
His deceitful actions were truly contemptible.
Seine betrügerischen Handlungen waren wirklich verachtenswert.
C1 noun /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

cynicism

Zynismus
Meaning
An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
Example
His cynicism made it hard for him to trust anyone.
Sein Zynismus machte es ihm schwer, jemandem zu vertrauen.
A2 noun ˈsen.tərz

centers

zentren
Meaning
The middle point of a circle or sphere, equidistant from every point on the circumference or surface; a place or group of buildings where a specified activity is concentrated.
Example
Centers drive regional development.
Zentren treiben die regionale Entwicklung voran.
B2 noun/verb /kəˈmjuː.tɪŋ/

commuting

pendeln
Meaning
Regular travel to and from workplace, daily journey for work.
Example
He spends two hours commuting to work every day.
Er verbringt jeden Tag zwei Stunden mit dem Pendeln zur Arbeit.
C1 noun /ˈsɪ.nɪk/

Cynic

zynisch; skeptische Person
Meaning
a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest; someone who is skeptical about human nature
Example
The old cynic believed that politicians only cared about getting votes.
Der alte Zyniker glaubte, dass Politiker nur daran interessiert waren, Stimmen zu bekommen.
B2 verb /kɜːrb/

curb

einschränken / kontrollieren
Meaning
to restrain, control, or limit something
Example
The government took steps to curb inflation.
Die Regierung ergriff Maßnahmen, um die Inflation einzudämmen.
B2 noun /ˈklaɪ.mət əˌdæp.teɪ.ʃən/

climate adaptation

klimaanpassung
Meaning
The process of adjusting to current or expected climate change and its effects.
Example
Climate adaptation ensures resilience to change.
Klimaanpassung gewährleistet die Resilienz gegenüber Veränderungen.
C1 noun /ˈkoʊmə/

coma

Koma
Meaning
A deep state of prolonged unconsciousness caused by illness or injury.
Example
The patient remained in a coma for several weeks.
Der Patient blieb mehrere Wochen im Koma.
A1 noun /kæt/

Cat

Katze
Meaning
a small domesticated carnivorous mammal with soft fur, a short snout, and retractile claws
Example
The cat sat on the windowsill watching birds.
Die Katze saß auf dem Fensterbrett und beobachtete die Vögel.
B2 verb /ˈkɑːŋkər/

conquer

erobern
Meaning
to overcome and take control of; to defeat in war; to master or overcome
Example
The army managed to conquer the enemy territory.
Die Armee schaffte es, das feindliche Gebiet zu erobern.
C1 noun /ˈkælɪbər/

caliber

Kaliber
Meaning
The quality of someone's ability or character; the internal diameter of a gun barrel.
Example
The university attracts students of high caliber.
Die Universität zieht Studenten von hohem Kaliber an.
C1 verb /ˈkaʊər/

cower

aus Angst kauern
Meaning
to crouch down in fear
Example
The child cowered behind the sofa during the thunderstorm.
Das Kind kauerte sich während des Gewitters hinter dem Sofa.
C1 verb /kliːv/

cleave

spalten, schneiden
Meaning
to split or divide; to cut through forcefully
Example
He used an axe to cleave the wood.
Er benutzte eine Axt, um das Holz zu spalten.
A2 noun /kæp/

Cap

Kappe
Meaning
a head covering with a visor; a protective covering
Example
He wore a baseball cap to protect himself from the sun.
Er trug eine Baseballmütze, um sich vor der Sonne zu schützen.
C2 noun /ˈkæbəˌlɪzəm/

cabalism

Kabalismus
Meaning
The doctrines, practices, or secretive dealings of a cabal.
Example
The historian wrote extensively about cabalism in the royal court.
Der Historiker schrieb ausführlich über Kabalismus am königlichen Hof.
C1 noun kənˈsɔː.ti.əm

consortium

Konsortium
Meaning
An association of several companies or organizations formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member.
Example
The consortium worked collaboratively to build the cable.
Das Konsortium arbeitete gemeinsam an der Herstellung des Kabels.
C2 adjective /ˈkɑːrpɪŋ/

carping

nörgelnd
Meaning
continually complaining or finding fault in a petty way
Example
His carping attitude makes teamwork difficult.
Seine nörgelnde Einstellung macht Teamarbeit schwierig.
C2 adjective /tʃəˈruːbɪk/

cherubic

engelsgleich
Meaning
Innocent, sweet, and angelic, like a cherub.
Example
The baby had a cherubic smile that melted everyone’s heart.
Das Baby hatte ein engelsgleiches Lächeln, das jedem das Herz erweichte.
A2 adjective /kəˈrɛkt/

correct

richtig
Meaning
free from error; accurate
Example
The answer she gave was correct.
Die Antwort, die sie gegeben hat, war richtig.
C1 noun /ˌkɒndʒʊˈɡeɪʃən/

conjugation

Konjugation
Meaning
the variation of the form of a verb to indicate tense, person, and number
Example
French verbs have complex conjugations.
Französische Verben haben komplexe Konjugationen.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈkæpɪtəlɪst/

capitalist

Kapitalist
Meaning
a person who supports or believes in capitalism; a wealthy business owner
Example
The capitalist believes in the freedom of the market.
Der Kapitalist glaubt an die Freiheit des Marktes.
B2 noun ˈkrɪp.toʊˌkɝː.ən.si

cryptocurrency

Kryptowährung
Meaning
Decentralized digital currency operated using blockchain technology.
Example
Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency in the market.
Bitcoin ist die beliebteste Kryptowährung auf dem Markt.
B1 noun /kənˈvɛnʃən/

convention

Konvention
Meaning
a widely accepted way of behaving or doing something; a formal meeting
Example
The annual writers' convention was held in Dhaka.
Die jährliche Schriftstellerkonvention fand in Dhaka statt.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒnstəntli/

Constantly

ständig; immer; ohne Pause
Meaning
continuously over a period of time; always; without stopping
Example
The baby was constantly crying throughout the night.
Das Baby weinte die ganze Nacht ständig.
A2 adjective /ˈkloʊ.sɪst/

closest

nächster
Meaning
nearest in distance or relationship
Example
He is my closest friend.
Er ist mein nächster Freund.
C1 adjective /ˌʃoʊ.vəˈnɪs.tɪk/

chauvinistic

chauvinistisch
Meaning
Displaying or characterized by excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support, especially towards one's own gender or group.
Example
His chauvinistic attitude alienated many of his female colleagues.
Seine chauvinistische Haltung entfremdete viele seiner weiblichen Kolleginnen.
C1 adjective /ˌkævəˈlɪər/

cavalier

gleichgültig
Meaning
showing a lack of proper concern; dismissive or offhand
Example
He had a cavalier attitude toward safety regulations.
Er hatte eine gleichgültige Haltung gegenüber den Sicherheitsvorschriften.
B1 verb /kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ/

continuing

fortsetzen
Meaning
to keep doing something without stopping
Example
They are continuing their journey despite the rain.
Sie setzen ihre Reise trotz des Regens fort.
B2 noun /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/

Compensation

Entschädigung; Vergütung
Meaning
something given or received as an equivalent for services, debt, loss, injury, or suffering; payment or reward
Example
The company provided financial compensation to the workers injured in the accident.
Das Unternehmen leistete den im Unfall verletzten Arbeitern finanzielle Entschädigung.
C2 noun /kəˈpærɪsən/

caparison

ornamentale Abdeckung für ein Pferd; reiche und aufwändige Kleidung oder Dekoration
Meaning
an ornamental covering for a horse; rich and elaborate clothing or decoration
Example
The king’s horse was adorned with a golden caparison.
Das Pferd des Königs war mit einem goldenen Caparison geschmückt.
B2 noun /kreɪn/

Crane

Kranich
Meaning
a large tall bird with long legs and neck; a machine for lifting heavy objects
Example
The graceful crane stood motionless by the water's edge.
Der anmutige Kranich stand reglos am Rand des Wassers.
C2 verb /ˈkænənaɪz/

canonize

kanonisieren
Meaning
To officially declare a dead person a saint; to regard as great or significant.
Example
The church canonized the martyr after years of investigation.
Die Kirche hat den Märtyrer nach jahrelangen Untersuchungen kanonisiert.
B1 adjective /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

cutting

scharf
Meaning
sharp or severe, often used to describe remarks or actions
Example
Her cutting remarks made everyone feel uncomfortable.
Ihre scharfen Bemerkungen ließen alle unwohl fühlen.
B2 verb /kənˈveɪ/

convey

übermitteln, kommunizieren, transportieren
Meaning
To communicate or make known; to transport or carry from one place to another.
Example
The teacher conveys the lesson clearly to students.
Der Lehrer übermittelt die Lektion klar an die Schüler.
B1 adjective /ˈklæsɪkəl/

classical

klassisch oder traditionell
Meaning
relating to ancient Greek or Roman culture, or representing traditional excellence in art, music, or literature
Example
She loves listening to classical music while studying.
Sie liebt es, klassische Musik beim Lernen zu hören.
C2 noun /ˌkɒnsæŋˈɡwɪnɪti/

consanguinity

Blutsverwandtschaft
Meaning
The fact of being descended from the same ancestor; blood relationship.
Example
The degree of consanguinity was important in inheritance laws.
Der Grad der Blutsverwandtschaft war in Erbschaftsgesetzen wichtig.
B2 adjective /kəˈreɪdʒəs/

Courageous

mutig; furchtlos; zeigt Mut im Angesicht der Gefahr
Meaning
brave; fearless; showing courage in the face of danger
Example
The courageous firefighter rescued the family from the burning building.
Der mutige Feuerwehrmann rettete die Familie aus dem brennenden Gebäude.
C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

lobenswerte Initiativen
Meaning
Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.
Example
The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.
Die lobenswerten Initiativen zielen darauf ab, das Bewusstsein zu erhöhen.
B2 noun /ˌkɔːrpəˈreɪʃən/

corporation

Korporation
Meaning
A large company or group of companies that is legally recognized as a single entity.
Example
The corporation invested heavily in renewable energy projects.
Die Korporation investierte stark in erneuerbare Energieprojekte.
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənt

commitment

Verpflichtung
Meaning
A promise or firm decision to do something; the state or quality of being dedicated to a cause or activity.
Example
The president reaffirmed his commitment to environmental protection.
Der Präsident bekräftigte sein Engagement für den Umweltschutz.
C1 noun kəˈrəʊ.ʒən

corrosion

Korrosion
Meaning
The gradual destruction of materials by chemical or electrochemical reaction, especially of metals by oxidation.
Example
Corrosion in pipes leads to leakage.
Korrosion in Rohren führt zu Leckagen.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpoʊzd/

composed

ruhig
Meaning
calm and in control of oneself; made up of or formed from
Example
He remained composed even under pressure.
Er blieb ruhig, auch unter Druck.
B1 noun /ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃən/

combination

kombination / mischung
Meaning
The act of joining or mixing two or more things together.
Example
This dish is a perfect combination of sweet and spicy flavors.
Dieses Gericht ist eine perfekte Kombination aus süßen und scharfen Aromen.
A1 noun /kʌp/

Cup

becher
Meaning
a small, round container, typically with a handle, used for drinking tea, coffee, or other hot beverages
Example
She drank tea from her favorite ceramic cup.
Sie trank Tee aus ihrer Lieblings-Tasse aus Keramik.
B1 noun /krɒp/

crop

Ernte
Meaning
plants that are grown and harvested for food or other use
Example
The farmers harvested their rice crop in autumn.
Die Bauern haben ihre Reisernte im Herbst eingebracht.
C2 noun /ˌkɒntrəpəˈzɪʃən/

contraposition

Gegensatzstellung
Meaning
the act of placing two things in opposition for contrast or comparison
Example
The contraposition of the two theories highlighted their differences.
Die Gegensatzstellung der beiden Theorien hob ihre Unterschiede hervor.
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrməns/

conformance

Übereinstimmung
Meaning
The act of conforming to a rule, standard, or law.
Example
The product was tested for conformance with safety standards.
Das Produkt wurde auf Übereinstimmung mit den Sicherheitsstandards getestet.
C2 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈmænd/

countermand

Befehl aufheben
Meaning
to revoke or cancel an order or command
Example
The general countermanded the previous orders immediately.
Der General hob die vorherigen Befehle sofort auf.
C1 noun /ˈkoʊhɔːrt/

cohort

kohorte
Meaning
A group of people with a shared characteristic, usually of the same age or with a common experience.
Example
The study tracked a cohort of students over ten years.
Die Studie verfolgte eine Kohorte von Studenten über zehn Jahre.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːr.kəmˌsˌtæn.sɪz/

Circumstances

Umstände
Meaning
the conditions that affect a situation, action, or event; facts or conditions connected with or relevant to an event
Example
Under normal circumstances, she would have arrived by now.
Unter normalen Umständen wäre sie bereits angekommen.
A1 verb /kʌt/

cut

schneiden
Meaning
to divide or separate with a sharp tool
Example
I cut the paper with scissors.
Ich schnitt das Papier mit einer Schere.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒmənli/

commonly

gewöhnlich
Meaning
usually or by most people
Example
This phrase is commonly used in everyday speech.
Dieser Ausdruck wird gewöhnlich in der alltäglichen Sprache verwendet.
C1 verb ˌsɝː.kəmˈvent

circumvent

klug umgehen oder einen Weg finden, um Hindernisse oder Regeln zu umgehen
Meaning
To cleverly avoid or find a way around obstacles or rules.
Example
He tried to circumvent the security system.
Er versuchte, das Sicherheitssystem zu umgehen.
B2 noun /ˈtʃɒp.ər/

Chopper

Axt
Meaning
a tool with a heavy blade for chopping wood; a helicopter
Example
The lumberjack swung the chopper to cut down the tree.
Der Holzfäller schwang die Axt, um den Baum zu fällen.
B2 noun /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

capability

kapazität
Meaning
The ability or capacity to do something.
Example
The telescope's capability is unparalleled.
Die Kapazität des Teleskops ist unvergleichlich.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːr.i liːvz/

Curry Leaves

Curryblätter
Meaning
aromatic leaves from the curry tree used in South Asian cooking
Example
Fresh curry leaves add authentic flavor to Indian dishes.
Frische Curryblätter verleihen indischen Gerichten einen authentischen Geschmack.
B2 verb /krʌʃ/

crush

etwas so stark drücken oder zerdrücken, dass es beschädigt oder zerstört wird
Meaning
to press or squeeze something so hard that it is damaged or destroyed
Example
He accidentally crushed the paper cup in his hand.
Er hat versehentlich den Papierbecher in seiner Hand zerdrückt.
B2 adjective /ˈkjuːbən/

cuban

kubanisch
Meaning
relating to Cuba, its people, or its culture
Example
We enjoyed delicious Cuban coffee at the café.
Wir haben einen köstlichen kubanischen Kaffee im Café genossen.
B2 noun /ˈklær.ɪ.ti/

clarity

Klarheit
Meaning
The quality of being coherent and intelligible; transparency or lucidity.
Example
The speaker's clarity made the concept easy to understand.
Die Klarheit des Sprechers machte das Konzept leicht verständlich.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃiːzi/

cheesy

billig/übermäßig sentimental
Meaning
tacky, overly sentimental, or cheap in quality
Example
The movie was funny but a bit too cheesy.
Der Film war lustig, aber ein bisschen zu kitschig.
C1 noun/verb /kroʊˈʃeɪ/

crochet

Häkeln
Meaning
Needlework made by interlocking loops of thread with a hooked needle; the act of making such items.
Example
She learned how to crochet a scarf for winter.
Sie hat gelernt, einen Wollschal für den Winter zu häkeln.
B1 noun /ˈkætl/

cattle

Glück
Meaning
large domesticated animals such as cows and bulls that are kept on a farm for their milk, meat, or hides
Example
The farmer owns a herd of cattle that graze near the river.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C2 adjective /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/

contumacious

rebellisch, ungehorsam
Meaning
stubbornly disobedient or rebellious
Example
The contumacious student refused to follow the school rules.
Der rebellische Schüler weigerte sich, die Schulregeln zu befolgen.
C1 noun /ˈkæmi.oʊ/

cameo

Cameo
Meaning
a small but significant role in a play, film, or show, often performed by a well-known person
Example
The actor made a surprise cameo in the movie.
Der Schauspieler hatte einen überraschenden Cameo-Auftritt im Film.
C1 noun /kræɡ/

crag

eine steile oder raue Klippe oder Felswand
Meaning
a steep or rugged cliff or rock face
Example
The hikers climbed the jagged crag to reach the summit.
Die Wanderer kletterten auf die zerklüftete Klippe, um den Gipfel zu erreichen.
C1 verb /kəˈluːd/

collude

verschwören
Meaning
To secretly cooperate or conspire with others, often for a deceitful purpose.
Example
The two companies colluded to fix prices in the market.
Die beiden Firmen verschworen sich, um die Preise auf dem Markt festzulegen.
B2 noun ˈkærɪktər dɪˈvɛləpmənt

character development

Charakterentwicklung
Meaning
The process of creating a believable character in fiction by giving the character depth and personality.
Example
The character development of Sydney Carton is profound.
Die Charakterentwicklung von Sydney Carton ist tiefgründig.
B2 verb /ˈkærəktəraɪz/

characterize

charakterisieren
Meaning
to describe or portray the distinctive features or qualities of someone or something
Example
The author characterizes the hero as brave and selfless.
Der Autor charakterisiert den Helden als mutig und selbstlos.
C2 adjective /ˈkoʊməˌtoʊs/

comatose

komatös
Meaning
In a state of deep unconsciousness, resembling or related to coma.
Example
The comatose patient was kept under constant observation.
Der komatöse Patient wurde unter ständiger Beobachtung gehalten.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/

consulate

konsulat
Meaning
the building or office where a consul works
Example
He went to the consulate to renew his visa.
Er ging zum Konsulat, um sein Visum zu verlängern.
B2 noun /kəmˈplek.ʃən/

Complexion

Hautfarbe
Meaning
the natural color, texture, and appearance of a person's skin, especially on the face
Example
Her fair complexion glowed beautifully in the morning sunlight.
Ihre helle Haut strahlte wunderschön im Morgenlicht.
C1 verb /kəˈmɛmɔˌreɪt/

commemorate

kommemorieren
Meaning
To honor and remember someone or something through a ceremony or action.
Example
The statue was built to commemorate the fallen heroes.
Die Statue wurde errichtet, um die gefallenen Helden zu ehren.
C2 adjective /ˈkrɛstˌfɔːlən/

crestfallen

enttäuscht
Meaning
sad and disappointed
Example
He looked crestfallen after hearing the bad news.
Er sah enttäuscht aus, nachdem er die schlechten Nachrichten gehört hatte.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

angeboren
Meaning
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
Example
The child was born with a congenital heart defect.
Das Kind wurde mit einem angeborenen Herzfehler geboren.
B1 adjective /kənˈvɪnst/

convinced

überzeugt
Meaning
completely certain or sure about something
Example
She was convinced that he was telling the truth.
Sie war überzeugt, dass er die Wahrheit sagte.
C1 verb /ˈsɪvɪlaɪz/

civilize

zivilisieren
Meaning
to bring a society or group to a more developed, organized, or socially acceptable state; to educate and refine behavior
Example
Education can help civilize communities by promoting shared values and respect.
Bildung kann helfen, Gemeinschaften zu zivilisieren, indem gemeinsame Werte und Respekt gefördert werden.
B2 adjective /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/

cooperative

kooperativ
Meaning
willing to work or act together with others for a common purpose
Example
She was very cooperative during the interview process.
Sie war während des Interviews sehr kooperativ.
C2 adjective /krəˈmætɪk/

chromatic

chromatisch
Meaning
Relating to colors or, in music, notes outside the standard scale.
Example
The artist used a chromatic palette to create vibrant contrasts.
Der Künstler verwendete eine chromatische Palette, um lebendige Kontraste zu schaffen.
C1 noun /ˈkæn.dɚ/

candor

Offenheit
Meaning
The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward in speech or expression.
Example
She spoke with candor about the challenges she faced.
Sie sprach mit Offenheit über die Herausforderungen, denen sie gegenüberstand.
B1 noun /ˈkɒtɪdʒ/

cottage

Häuschen
Meaning
a small simple house, typically in the countryside
Example
They spent their vacation in a cozy cottage by the lake.
Sie verbrachten ihren Urlaub in einem gemütlichen Häuschen am See.
B1 noun /ˈsɪt.ɪ.zənz/

citizens

Bürger
Meaning
A legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth.
Example
Citizens must follow pollution regulations.
Bürger müssen die Vorschriften zur Luftverschmutzung einhalten.
A1 adjective /kuːl/

cool

cool, ruhig, beeindruckend
Meaning
moderately cold; calm and composed; fashionable or impressive
Example
She kept a cool head during the crisis.
Sie behielt einen kühlen Kopf während der Krise.
C2 noun /ˈkɒnk.leɪv/

conclave

geheime Versammlung
Meaning
a private meeting, especially a secret or important one
Example
The leaders met in a secret conclave to discuss the strategy.
Die Führer trafen sich in einem geheimen Konklave, um die Strategie zu besprechen.
C1 verb /kənˈfaʊnd/

confound

verwirren
Meaning
to confuse or surprise someone, often by acting against their expectations
Example
The magician's trick seemed to confound the entire audience.
Der Trick des Magiers schien das gesamte Publikum zu verwirren.
C1 noun/verb /ˈkætəpʌlt/

catapult

Katapult
Meaning
A device for launching objects at high speed; to hurl or launch something suddenly.
Example
The invention catapulted him to international fame.
Die Erfindung katapultierte ihn zu internationalem Ruhm.
C1 noun ˌsɛn.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

centralization

Zentralisierung
Meaning
The concentration of control and decision-making power in a central authority.
Example
Excessive centralization can slow down decision-making.
Exzessive Zentralisierung kann die Entscheidungsfindung verlangsamen.
A1 noun /kæn/

Can

dose
Meaning
a metal container for food or drink
Example
I opened a can of soup for lunch.
Ich habe eine Dose Suppe zum Mittagessen geöffnet.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

circumstance

Umstand
Meaning
a fact or condition connected with an event or action
Example
She handled the difficult circumstances bravely.
Sie hat die schwierigen Umstände tapfer gemeistert.
A1 noun /ˈkʌn.tri/

country

Land
Meaning
a nation with its own government and borders
Example
Bangladesh is a beautiful country with rich culture.
Bangladesch ist ein schönes Land mit einer reichen Kultur.
B2 noun /kəˈθɒlɪsɪzəm/

catholicism

Katholizismus
Meaning
The faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
Catholicism has a long history and rich traditions.
Der Katholizismus hat eine lange Geschichte und reiche Traditionen.
C2 noun /ˈkɒŋ.kɔː.dæt/

concordat

Konkordat
Meaning
An agreement or treaty, especially between the Vatican and a secular government.
Example
The concordat established the rights of the church within the country.
Das Konkordat legte die Rechte der Kirche im Land fest.
C2 adjective /kənˈdʒɛktʃərəl/

conjectural

konjektural
Meaning
based on guesswork or incomplete evidence rather than certain knowledge
Example
His explanation was purely conjectural and lacked proof.
Seine Erklärung war rein konjektural und fehlte an Beweisen.
C1 adjective /kəˈθɑːr.tɪk/

cathartic

kathartisch
Meaning
Providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions.
Example
Writing about emotions can be a cathartic experience.
Über Emotionen zu schreiben, kann eine kathartische Erfahrung sein.
B1 noun /ˈkɒnflɪkt/

conflict

Konflikt
Meaning
A serious disagreement or argument, often a prolonged one.
Example
The two countries are trying to resolve the conflict through negotiations.
Die beiden Länder versuchen, den Konflikt durch Verhandlungen zu lösen.
C2 noun /ˈsɛʃən/

cession

Abtretung von Rechten oder Eigentum
Meaning
The formal giving up of rights, property, or territory, especially by a state.
Example
The treaty resulted in the cession of land to the neighboring country.
Der Vertrag führte zur Abtretung von Land an das benachbarte Land.
C2 noun ˌkɒmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən

computational communication

computergestützte Kommunikation
Meaning
Digital exchange and automated interaction; the use of computational methods and systems to facilitate communication and information sharing.
Example
Computational communication is reshaping how we share information.
Computergestützte Kommunikation verändert die Art und Weise, wie wir Informationen teilen.
C2 noun /ˈklaɪmɪŋ fɪʃ/

Climbing-fish

Kletterfisch
Meaning
a type of fish that can climb trees and survive out of water for short periods
Example
The climbing-fish can move from one pond to another by climbing trees.
Der Kletterfisch kann von einem Teich zum anderen klettern, indem er Bäume erklimmt.
C2 noun /ˌkɑːnfɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

conformation

Konformation
Meaning
The shape, structure, or arrangement of something.
Example
The scientist studied the molecular conformation of the protein.
Der Wissenschaftler studierte die molekulare Konformation des Proteins.
B1 noun /kəˈrɛkʃən/

correction

Korrektur
Meaning
the action or process of correcting something
Example
The teacher made a correction to the student's essay.
Der Lehrer machte eine Korrektur an dem Aufsatz des Schülers.
C2 noun /ˈsɜːrklət/

circlet

Diadem
Meaning
A small circular band, typically worn as an ornament on the head.
Example
The princess wore a golden circlet on her forehead.
Die Prinzessin trug ein goldenes Diadem auf der Stirn.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

Commonwealth
Meaning
an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations
Example
Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Australien ist Mitglied des Commonwealth der Nationen.
B2 adjective /ˈsɛl.əˌbreɪ.tɪd/

celebrated

berühmt
Meaning
Widely known and praised; famous for an achievement.
Example
He is a celebrated author in the field of literature.
Er ist ein gefeierter Autor im Bereich der Literatur.
B2 noun /koʊl/

coal

Kohle
Meaning
a black or dark brown rock used as fuel, formed from decomposed plant matter
Example
The factory still uses coal as its main source of energy.
Die Fabrik verwendet immer noch Kohle als ihre Hauptquelle für Energie.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrkəs/

carcass

Tierleiche
Meaning
the dead body of an animal, especially after being slaughtered
Example
Vultures fed on the carcass left in the field.
Aasgeier fraßen den Kadaver, der auf dem Feld lag.
C1 noun /ˈʃoʊ.vəˌnɪz.əm/

chauvinism

Chauvinismus
Meaning
Excessive or prejudiced support for one's own cause, group, or gender, often with contempt for others.
Example
The company's culture was criticized for promoting male chauvinism.
Die Unternehmenskultur wurde dafuer kritisiert, maennlichen Chauvinismus zu foerdern.
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

umgangssprache
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
Der Roman ist voller regionaler Umgangssprachen.
B2 noun /ˌkovuːɪɡˈzɪs.təns/

Co-existence

Koexistenz
Meaning
the state of existing together at the same time or in the same place; peaceful cohabitation
Example
The peaceful co-existence of different cultures makes this city unique.
Die friedliche Koexistenz verschiedener Kulturen macht diese Stadt einzigartig.
C2 noun/verb /ˈkʌdʒ.əl/

cudgel

Knüppel
Meaning
A short, thick stick used as a weapon; to beat with a cudgel.
Example
The guard used a cudgel to chase away the thief.
Der Wächter benutzte einen Knüppel, um den Dieb zu vertreiben.